diff --git a/io/input/clipboard_test.go b/io/input/clipboard_test.go
index ca0fcf9d..9dc8ab52 100644
--- a/io/input/clipboard_test.go
+++ b/io/input/clipboard_test.go
@@ -8,70 +8,58 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"gioui.org/io/clipboard"
-	"gioui.org/io/event"
 	"gioui.org/io/transfer"
 	"gioui.org/op"
 )
 
 func TestClipboardDuplicateEvent(t *testing.T) {
-	ops, router, handler := new(op.Ops), new(Router), make([]int, 2)
+	ops, r, handlers := new(op.Ops), new(Router), make([]int, 2)
 
-	// Both must receive the event once
-	router.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handler[0]})
-	router.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handler[1]})
+	// Both must receive the event once.
+	r.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handlers[0]})
+	r.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handlers[1]})
 
-	router.Frame(ops)
 	event := transfer.DataEvent{
 		Type: "application/text",
 		Open: func() io.ReadCloser {
 			return io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Test"))
 		},
 	}
-	router.Queue(event)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[0], transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "application/text"}), true)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[1], transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "application/text"}), true)
-	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, router, 0)
-	ops.Reset()
+	r.Queue(event)
+	for i := range handlers {
+		f := transfer.TargetFilter{Target: &handlers[i], Type: "application/text"}
+		assertEventTypeSequence(t, events(r, -1, f), transfer.DataEvent{})
+	}
+	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, r, 0)
 
-	// No ReadCmd
+	r.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handlers[0]})
 
-	router.Frame(ops)
-	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, router, 0)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[0]), false)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[1]), false)
-	ops.Reset()
-
-	router.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handler[0]})
-
-	router.Frame(ops)
+	r.Frame(ops)
 	// No ClipboardEvent sent
-	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, router, 1)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[0]), false)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[1]), false)
-	ops.Reset()
+	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, r, 1)
+	for i := range handlers {
+		f := transfer.TargetFilter{Target: &handlers[i]}
+		assertEventTypeSequence(t, events(r, -1, f))
+	}
 }
 
 func TestQueueProcessReadClipboard(t *testing.T) {
-	ops, router, handler := new(op.Ops), new(Router), make([]int, 2)
-	ops.Reset()
+	ops, r, handler := new(op.Ops), new(Router), make([]int, 2)
 
 	// Request read
-	router.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handler[0]})
+	r.Source().Execute(clipboard.ReadCmd{Tag: &handler[0]})
 
-	router.Frame(ops)
-	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, router, 1)
+	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, r, 1)
 	ops.Reset()
 
 	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
 		// No ReadCmd
 		// One receiver must still wait for response
 
-		router.Frame(ops)
-		assertClipboardReadDuplicated(t, router, 1)
-		ops.Reset()
+		r.Frame(ops)
+		assertClipboardReadDuplicated(t, r, 1)
 	}
 
-	router.Frame(ops)
 	// Send the clipboard event
 	event := transfer.DataEvent{
 		Type: "application/text",
@@ -79,55 +67,29 @@ func TestQueueProcessReadClipboard(t *testing.T) {
 			return io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Text 2"))
 		},
 	}
-	router.Queue(event)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[0], transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "application/text"}), true)
-	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, router, 0)
-	ops.Reset()
-
-	// No ReadCmd
-	// There's no receiver waiting
-
-	router.Frame(ops)
-	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, router, 0)
-	assertClipboardEvent(t, events(router, &handler[0]), false)
-	ops.Reset()
+	r.Queue(event)
+	assertEventTypeSequence(t, events(r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: &handler[0], Type: "application/text"}), transfer.DataEvent{})
+	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, r, 0)
 }
 
 func TestQueueProcessWriteClipboard(t *testing.T) {
-	router := new(Router)
+	r := new(Router)
 
 	const mime = "application/text"
-	router.Source().Execute(clipboard.WriteCmd{Type: mime, Data: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Write 1"))})
+	r.Source().Execute(clipboard.WriteCmd{Type: mime, Data: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Write 1"))})
 
-	assertClipboardWriteCmd(t, router, mime, "Write 1")
-	assertClipboardWriteCmd(t, router, "", "")
+	assertClipboardWriteCmd(t, r, mime, "Write 1")
+	assertClipboardWriteCmd(t, r, "", "")
 
-	router.Source().Execute(clipboard.WriteCmd{Type: mime, Data: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Write 2"))})
+	r.Source().Execute(clipboard.WriteCmd{Type: mime, Data: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Write 2"))})
 
-	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, router, 0)
-	assertClipboardWriteCmd(t, router, mime, "Write 2")
-}
-
-func assertClipboardEvent(t *testing.T, events []event.Event, expected bool) {
-	t.Helper()
-	var evtClipboard int
-	for _, e := range events {
-		switch e.(type) {
-		case transfer.DataEvent:
-			evtClipboard++
-		}
-	}
-	if evtClipboard <= 0 && expected {
-		t.Error("expected to receive some event")
-	}
-	if evtClipboard > 0 && !expected {
-		t.Error("unexpected event received")
-	}
+	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, r, 0)
+	assertClipboardWriteCmd(t, r, mime, "Write 2")
 }
 
 func assertClipboardReadCmd(t *testing.T, router *Router, expected int) {
 	t.Helper()
-	if got := len(router.lastState().receivers); got != expected {
+	if got := len(router.state().receivers); got != expected {
 		t.Errorf("unexpected %d receivers, got %d", expected, got)
 	}
 	if router.ClipboardRequested() != (expected > 0) {
@@ -137,7 +99,7 @@ func assertClipboardReadCmd(t *testing.T, router *Router, expected int) {
 
 func assertClipboardReadDuplicated(t *testing.T, router *Router, expected int) {
 	t.Helper()
-	if len(router.lastState().receivers) != expected {
+	if len(router.state().receivers) != expected {
 		t.Error("receivers removed")
 	}
 	if router.ClipboardRequested() != false {
diff --git a/io/input/key_test.go b/io/input/key_test.go
index 5c88f1bc..bb18ab5e 100644
--- a/io/input/key_test.go
+++ b/io/input/key_test.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ package input
 
 import (
 	"image"
-	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 
 	"gioui.org/f32"
@@ -18,160 +17,89 @@ import (
 func TestInputWakeup(t *testing.T) {
 	handler := new(int)
 	var ops op.Ops
+	// InputOps shouldn't trigger redraws.
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler)
 
 	var r Router
-	// Test that merely adding a handler doesn't trigger redraw.
-	evts := events(&r, handler, key.FocusFilter{})
+	// Reset events shouldn't either.
+	evts := events(&r, -1, key.FocusFilter{Target: new(int)}, key.Filter{Name: "A"})
+	assertEventSequence(t, evts, key.FocusEvent{Focus: false})
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	if _, wake := r.WakeupTime(); wake {
-		t.Errorf("adding key.InputOp triggered a redraw")
+		t.Errorf("InputOp or the resetting FocusEvent triggered a wakeup")
 	}
-	if len(evts) != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("no Focus event for newly registered key.InputOp")
+	// And neither does events that don't match anything.
+	if r.Queue(key.SnippetEvent{}) {
+		t.Errorf("a not-matching event triggered a wakeup")
+	}
+	// However, events that does match should trigger wakeup.
+	if !r.Queue(key.Event{Name: "A"}) {
+		t.Errorf("a key.Event didn't trigger redraw")
 	}
 }
 
 func TestKeyMultiples(t *testing.T) {
 	handlers := make([]int, 3)
-	ops := new(op.Ops)
 	r := new(Router)
-
 	r.Source().Execute(key.SoftKeyboardCmd{Show: true})
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
-	// The last one must be focused:
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[2])
-
 	for i := range handlers {
-		assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[i], key.FocusFilter{}), false)
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(r, 1, key.FocusFilter{Target: &handlers[i]}), key.FocusEvent{Focus: false})
 	}
-
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
 	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &handlers[2]})
-	assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[2], key.FocusFilter{}), true)
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, -1, key.FocusFilter{Target: &handlers[2]}), key.FocusEvent{Focus: true})
 	assertFocus(t, r, &handlers[2])
 
 	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputOpen)
 }
 
-func TestKeyStacked(t *testing.T) {
-	handlers := make([]int, 4)
-	ops := new(op.Ops)
-	r := new(Router)
-
-	for i := range handlers {
-		assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[i], key.FocusFilter{}), false)
-	}
-
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
-	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{})
-	r.Source().Execute(key.SoftKeyboardCmd{Show: false})
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &handlers[1]})
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[2])
-	r.Source().Execute(key.SoftKeyboardCmd{Show: true})
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[3])
-
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
-	assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[1], key.FocusFilter{}), true)
-	assertFocus(t, r, &handlers[1])
-	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputOpen)
-}
-
 func TestKeySoftKeyboardNoFocus(t *testing.T) {
-	ops := new(op.Ops)
 	r := new(Router)
 
 	// It's possible to open the keyboard
 	// without any active focus:
 	r.Source().Execute(key.SoftKeyboardCmd{Show: true})
 
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
 	assertFocus(t, r, nil)
 	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputOpen)
 }
 
 func TestKeyRemoveFocus(t *testing.T) {
 	handlers := make([]int, 2)
-	ops := new(op.Ops)
 	r := new(Router)
 
-	filters := []event.Filter{
-		key.FocusFilter{},
-		key.Filter{Name: key.NameTab, Required: key.ModShortcut},
+	filters := func(h event.Tag) []event.Filter {
+		return []event.Filter{
+			key.FocusFilter{Target: h},
+			key.Filter{Focus: h, Name: key.NameTab, Required: key.ModShortcut},
+		}
 	}
+	var all []event.Filter
 	for i := range handlers {
-		assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[i], filters...), false)
+		all = append(all, filters(&handlers[i])...)
 	}
-	// New InputOp with Focus and Keyboard:
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, len(handlers), all...), key.FocusEvent{}, key.FocusEvent{})
 	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &handlers[0]})
 	r.Source().Execute(key.SoftKeyboardCmd{Show: true})
 
-	// New InputOp without any focus:
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
-	// Add some key events:
-	evt := event.Event(key.Event{Name: key.NameTab, Modifiers: key.ModShortcut, State: key.Press})
+	evt := key.Event{Name: key.NameTab, Modifiers: key.ModShortcut, State: key.Press}
 	r.Queue(evt)
 
-	assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[0], filters...), true, evt)
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, 2, filters(&handlers[0])...), key.FocusEvent{Focus: true}, evt)
 	assertFocus(t, r, &handlers[0])
 	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputOpen)
 
-	ops.Reset()
-
-	// Will get the focus removed:
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
-
-	// Unchanged:
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
-	// Remove focus by focusing on a tag that don't exist.
+	// Frame removes focus from tags that don't filter for focus events nor mentioned in an InputOp.
 	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: new(int)})
+	r.Frame(new(op.Ops))
 
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
-	assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[1], key.FocusFilter{}))
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, -1, filters(&handlers[1])...))
 	assertFocus(t, r, nil)
 	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputClose)
 
-	ops.Reset()
-
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
-	assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[0], key.FocusFilter{}))
-	assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[1], key.FocusFilter{}))
-	assertFocus(t, r, nil)
-	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputClose)
-
-	r.Frame(ops)
-	ops.Reset()
-
 	// Set focus to InputOp which already
 	// exists in the previous frame:
 	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &handlers[0]})
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
-	r.Source().Execute(key.SoftKeyboardCmd{Show: true})
 	assertFocus(t, r, &handlers[0])
-
-	ops.Reset()
-
-	// Remove focus.
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{})
-
-	assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[1], key.FocusFilter{}))
-	assertFocus(t, r, nil)
-	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputClose)
 }
 
 func TestKeyFocusedInvisible(t *testing.T) {
@@ -180,44 +108,27 @@ func TestKeyFocusedInvisible(t *testing.T) {
 	r := new(Router)
 
 	for i := range handlers {
-		assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[i], key.FocusFilter{}), false)
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(r, 1, key.FocusFilter{Target: &handlers[i]}), key.FocusEvent{Focus: false})
 	}
 
 	// Set new InputOp with focus:
 	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &handlers[0]})
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
 	r.Source().Execute(key.SoftKeyboardCmd{Show: true})
 
-	// Set new InputOp without focus:
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
-	assertKeyEvent(t, events(r, &handlers[0], key.FocusFilter{}), true)
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, 1, key.FocusFilter{Target: &handlers[0]}), key.FocusEvent{Focus: true})
 	assertFocus(t, r, &handlers[0])
 	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputOpen)
 
-	ops.Reset()
-
-	//
-	// Removed first (focused) element!
-	//
-
-	// Unchanged:
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
+	// Frame will clear the focus because the handler is not visible.
 	r.Frame(ops)
 
-	assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[0], key.FocusFilter{}))
-	assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[1], key.FocusFilter{}))
+	for i := range handlers {
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(r, -1, key.FocusFilter{Target: &handlers[i]}))
+	}
 	assertFocus(t, r, nil)
 	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputClose)
 
 	r.Frame(ops)
-
-	// Unchanged
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
 	r.Frame(ops)
 
 	ops.Reset()
@@ -226,18 +137,7 @@ func TestKeyFocusedInvisible(t *testing.T) {
 	// It must receive one `Event{Focus: false}`.
 	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
 
-	// Unchanged
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-
-	for i := range handlers {
-		assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[i], key.FocusFilter{}))
-	}
-
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
-	assertKeyEventUnexpected(t, events(r, &handlers[1], key.FocusFilter{}))
-	assertFocus(t, r, nil)
-	assertKeyboard(t, r, TextInputClose)
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, -1, key.FocusFilter{Target: &handlers[0]}), key.FocusEvent{Focus: false})
 }
 
 func TestNoOps(t *testing.T) {
@@ -259,7 +159,7 @@ func TestDirectionalFocus(t *testing.T) {
 		cl := clip.Rect(bounds).Push(ops)
 		event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[i])
 		cl.Pop()
-		events(r, &handlers[i], key.FocusFilter{})
+		events(r, -1, key.FocusFilter{Target: &handlers[i]})
 	}
 	r.Frame(ops)
 
@@ -292,14 +192,14 @@ func TestFocusScroll(t *testing.T) {
 	h := new(int)
 
 	filters := []event.Filter{
-		key.FocusFilter{},
+		key.FocusFilter{Target: h},
 		pointer.Filter{
 			Target:       h,
 			Kinds:        pointer.Scroll,
 			ScrollBounds: image.Rect(-100, -100, 100, 100),
 		},
 	}
-	events(r, h, filters...)
+	events(r, -1, filters...)
 	parent := clip.Rect(image.Rect(1, 1, 14, 39)).Push(ops)
 	cl := clip.Rect(image.Rect(10, -20, 20, 30)).Push(ops)
 	event.InputOp(ops, h)
@@ -311,7 +211,7 @@ func TestFocusScroll(t *testing.T) {
 
 	r.MoveFocus(key.FocusLeft)
 	r.RevealFocus(image.Rect(0, 0, 15, 40))
-	evts := events(r, h, filters...)
+	evts := events(r, -1, filters...)
 	assertScrollEvent(t, evts[len(evts)-1], f32.Pt(6, -9))
 }
 
@@ -321,13 +221,13 @@ func TestFocusClick(t *testing.T) {
 	h := new(int)
 
 	filters := []event.Filter{
-		key.FocusFilter{},
+		key.FocusFilter{Target: h},
 		pointer.Filter{
 			Target: h,
 			Kinds:  pointer.Press | pointer.Release,
 		},
 	}
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(r, h, filters...), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(r, -1, filters...), pointer.Cancel)
 	cl := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 10, 10)).Push(ops)
 	event.InputOp(ops, h)
 	cl.Pop()
@@ -336,7 +236,7 @@ func TestFocusClick(t *testing.T) {
 	r.MoveFocus(key.FocusLeft)
 	r.ClickFocus()
 
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(r, h, filters...), pointer.Press, pointer.Release)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(r, -1, filters...), pointer.Press, pointer.Release)
 }
 
 func TestNoFocus(t *testing.T) {
@@ -345,134 +245,30 @@ func TestNoFocus(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestKeyRouting(t *testing.T) {
-	handlers := make([]int, 5)
-	ops := new(op.Ops)
-	macroOps := new(op.Ops)
 	r := new(Router)
-
-	rect := clip.Rect{Max: image.Pt(10, 10)}
-
-	macro := op.Record(macroOps)
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[0])
-	cl1 := rect.Push(ops)
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[1])
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[2])
-	cl1.Pop()
-	cl2 := rect.Push(ops)
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[3])
-	event.InputOp(ops, &handlers[4])
-	cl2.Pop()
-	call := macro.Stop()
-	call.Add(ops)
-
-	fa := []event.Filter{
-		key.FocusFilter{},
-		key.Filter{Name: "A"},
-	}
-	fb := []event.Filter{
-		key.FocusFilter{},
-		key.Filter{Name: "B"},
-	}
-	events(r, &handlers[0], fa...)
-	events(r, &handlers[1], fb...)
-	events(r, &handlers[2], fa...)
-	events(r, &handlers[3], key.FocusFilter{})
-	events(r, &handlers[4], fa...)
-
-	r.Frame(ops)
-
+	h := new(int)
 	A, B := key.Event{Name: "A"}, key.Event{Name: "B"}
+	// Register filters.
+	events(r, -1, key.Filter{Name: "A"}, key.Filter{Name: "B"})
+	r.Frame(new(op.Ops))
 	r.Queue(A, B)
-
-	// With no focus, the events should traverse the final branch of the hit tree
-	// searching for handlers.
-	if evts := events(r, &handlers[4], fa...); len(evts) != 1 || evts[0] != A {
-		t.Errorf("expected key event")
-	}
-	events(r, &handlers[3], key.FocusFilter{})
-	events(r, &handlers[2], fa...)
-	if evts := events(r, &handlers[1], fb...); len(evts) != 1 || evts[0] != B {
-		t.Errorf("expected key event")
-	}
-	events(r, &handlers[0], fa...)
-
-	r2 := new(Router)
-
-	events(r2, &handlers[0], fa...)
-	events(r2, &handlers[1], fb...)
-	events(r2, &handlers[2], fa...)
-	events(r2, &handlers[3], key.FocusFilter{})
-	events(r2, &handlers[4], fa...)
-
-	r2.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &handlers[3]})
-	r2.Frame(ops)
-
-	r2.Queue(A, B)
-
-	// With focus, the events should traverse the branch of the hit tree
-	// containing the focused element.
-	assertKeyEvent(t, events(r2, &handlers[3], key.FocusFilter{}), true)
-	if evts := events(r2, &handlers[0], fa...); len(evts) != 1 || evts[0] != A {
-		t.Errorf("expected key event")
-	}
-}
-
-func assertKeyEvent(t *testing.T, events []event.Event, expectedFocus bool, expectedInputs ...event.Event) {
-	t.Helper()
-	var evtFocus int
-	var evtKeyPress int
-	for _, e := range events {
-		switch ev := e.(type) {
-		case key.FocusEvent:
-			if ev.Focus != expectedFocus {
-				t.Errorf("focus is expected to be %v, got %v", expectedFocus, ev.Focus)
-			}
-			evtFocus++
-		case key.Event, key.EditEvent:
-			if len(expectedInputs) <= evtKeyPress {
-				t.Fatalf("unexpected key events")
-			}
-			if !reflect.DeepEqual(ev, expectedInputs[evtKeyPress]) {
-				t.Errorf("expected %v events, got %v", expectedInputs[evtKeyPress], ev)
-			}
-			evtKeyPress++
-		}
-	}
-	if evtFocus <= 0 {
-		t.Errorf("expected focus event")
-	}
-	if evtFocus > 1 {
-		t.Errorf("expected single focus event")
-	}
-	if evtKeyPress != len(expectedInputs) {
-		t.Errorf("expected key events")
-	}
-}
-
-func assertKeyEventUnexpected(t *testing.T, events []event.Event) {
-	t.Helper()
-	var evtFocus int
-	for _, e := range events {
-		switch e.(type) {
-		case key.FocusEvent:
-			evtFocus++
-		}
-	}
-	if evtFocus > 1 {
-		t.Errorf("unexpected focus event")
-	}
+	// The handler is not focused, so only B is delivered.
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, -1, key.Filter{Focus: h, Name: "A"}, key.Filter{Name: "B"}), B)
+	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: h})
+	// A is delivered to the focused handler.
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(r, -1, key.Filter{Focus: h, Name: "A"}, key.Filter{Name: "B"}), A)
 }
 
 func assertFocus(t *testing.T, router *Router, expected event.Tag) {
 	t.Helper()
-	if got := router.lastState().focus; got != expected {
+	if got := router.state().focus; got != expected {
 		t.Errorf("expected %v to be focused, got %v", expected, got)
 	}
 }
 
 func assertKeyboard(t *testing.T, router *Router, expected TextInputState) {
 	t.Helper()
-	if got := router.lastState().state; got != expected {
+	if got := router.state().state; got != expected {
 		t.Errorf("expected %v keyboard, got %v", expected, got)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/io/input/pointer_test.go b/io/input/pointer_test.go
index 309f5e6c..484bb240 100644
--- a/io/input/pointer_test.go
+++ b/io/input/pointer_test.go
@@ -62,36 +62,7 @@ func TestPointerDrag(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(150, 150),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press, pointer.Leave, pointer.Drag)
-}
-
-func events(r *Router, h event.Tag, filters ...event.Filter) []event.Event {
-	// Hack to facilitate transition to per-filter tags.
-	for i, f := range filters {
-		switch f := f.(type) {
-		case key.FocusFilter:
-			f.Target = h
-			filters[i] = f
-		case transfer.SourceFilter:
-			f.Target = h
-			filters[i] = f
-		case transfer.TargetFilter:
-			f.Target = h
-			filters[i] = f
-		case pointer.Filter:
-			f.Target = h
-			filters[i] = f
-		}
-	}
-	var events []event.Event
-	for {
-		e, ok := r.Event(filters...)
-		if !ok {
-			break
-		}
-		events = append(events, e)
-	}
-	return events
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press, pointer.Leave, pointer.Drag)
 }
 
 func TestPointerDragNegative(t *testing.T) {
@@ -113,7 +84,7 @@ func TestPointerDragNegative(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(-150, -150),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press, pointer.Leave, pointer.Drag)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press, pointer.Leave, pointer.Drag)
 }
 
 func TestPointerGrab(t *testing.T) {
@@ -122,16 +93,18 @@ func TestPointerGrab(t *testing.T) {
 	handler3 := new(int)
 	var ops op.Ops
 
-	filter := pointer.Filter{Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release}
+	filter := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{Target: t, Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release}
+	}
 
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler1)
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler2)
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler3)
 
 	var r Router
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, filter), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, filter), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler3, filter), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler3)), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
 		pointer.Event{
@@ -139,9 +112,9 @@ func TestPointerGrab(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, filter), pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, filter), pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler3, filter), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler3)), pointer.Press)
 	r.Source().Execute(pointer.GrabCmd{Tag: handler1})
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
@@ -150,9 +123,9 @@ func TestPointerGrab(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, filter), pointer.Release)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, filter), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler3, filter), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Release)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler3)), pointer.Cancel)
 }
 
 func TestPointerGrabSameHandlerTwice(t *testing.T) {
@@ -160,15 +133,17 @@ func TestPointerGrabSameHandlerTwice(t *testing.T) {
 	handler2 := new(int)
 	var ops op.Ops
 
-	filter := pointer.Filter{Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release}
+	filter := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{Target: t, Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release}
+	}
 
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler1)
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler1)
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler2)
 
 	var r Router
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, filter), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, filter), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
 		pointer.Event{
@@ -176,8 +151,8 @@ func TestPointerGrabSameHandlerTwice(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, filter), pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, filter), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Press)
 	r.Source().Execute(pointer.GrabCmd{Tag: handler1})
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
@@ -186,8 +161,8 @@ func TestPointerGrabSameHandlerTwice(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, filter), pointer.Release)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, filter), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Release)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
 }
 
 func TestPointerMove(t *testing.T) {
@@ -195,8 +170,11 @@ func TestPointerMove(t *testing.T) {
 	handler2 := new(int)
 	var ops op.Ops
 
-	f := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds: pointer.Move | pointer.Enter | pointer.Leave,
+	filter := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{
+			Target: t,
+			Kinds:  pointer.Move | pointer.Enter | pointer.Leave,
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Handler 1 area: (0, 0) - (100, 100)
@@ -209,8 +187,8 @@ func TestPointerMove(t *testing.T) {
 	r1.Pop()
 
 	var r Router
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
 		// Hit both handlers.
@@ -232,8 +210,8 @@ func TestPointerMove(t *testing.T) {
 			Kind: pointer.Cancel,
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move, pointer.Move, pointer.Leave, pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move, pointer.Leave, pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move, pointer.Move, pointer.Leave, pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move, pointer.Leave, pointer.Cancel)
 }
 
 func TestPointerTypes(t *testing.T) {
@@ -241,13 +219,14 @@ func TestPointerTypes(t *testing.T) {
 	var ops op.Ops
 	r1 := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 100, 100)).Push(&ops)
 	f := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release,
+		Target: handler,
+		Kinds:  pointer.Press | pointer.Release,
 	}
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler)
 	r1.Pop()
 
 	var r Router
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler, f), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
 		pointer.Event{
@@ -263,7 +242,7 @@ func TestPointerTypes(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(150, 150),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler, f), pointer.Press, pointer.Release)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Press, pointer.Release)
 }
 
 func TestPointerSystemAction(t *testing.T) {
@@ -311,29 +290,38 @@ func TestPointerPriority(t *testing.T) {
 	var r Router
 
 	r1 := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 100, 100)).Push(&ops)
-	f1 := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds:        pointer.Scroll,
-		ScrollBounds: image.Rectangle{Max: image.Point{X: 100}},
+	f1 := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{
+			Target:       t,
+			Kinds:        pointer.Scroll,
+			ScrollBounds: image.Rectangle{Max: image.Point{X: 100}},
+		}
 	}
-	events(&r, handler1, f1)
+	events(&r, -1, f1(handler1))
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler1)
 
 	r2 := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 100, 50)).Push(&ops)
-	f2 := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds:        pointer.Scroll,
-		ScrollBounds: image.Rectangle{Max: image.Point{X: 20}},
+	f2 := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{
+			Target:       t,
+			Kinds:        pointer.Scroll,
+			ScrollBounds: image.Rectangle{Max: image.Point{X: 20}},
+		}
 	}
-	events(&r, handler2, f2)
+	events(&r, -1, f2(handler2))
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler2)
 	r2.Pop()
 	r1.Pop()
 
 	r3 := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 100, 100, 200)).Push(&ops)
-	f3 := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds:        pointer.Scroll,
-		ScrollBounds: image.Rectangle{Min: image.Point{X: -20, Y: -40}},
+	f3 := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{
+			Target:       t,
+			Kinds:        pointer.Scroll,
+			ScrollBounds: image.Rectangle{Min: image.Point{X: -20, Y: -40}},
+		}
 	}
-	events(&r, handler3, f3)
+	events(&r, -1, f3(handler3))
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler3)
 	r3.Pop()
 
@@ -364,9 +352,9 @@ func TestPointerPriority(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	)
 
-	hev1 := events(&r, handler1, f1)
-	hev2 := events(&r, handler2, f2)
-	hev3 := events(&r, handler3, f3)
+	hev1 := events(&r, -1, f1(handler1))
+	hev2 := events(&r, -1, f2(handler2))
+	hev3 := events(&r, -1, f3(handler3))
 	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, hev1, pointer.Scroll, pointer.Scroll)
 	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, hev2, pointer.Scroll)
 	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, hev3, pointer.Scroll)
@@ -402,8 +390,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeave(t *testing.T) {
 	// First event for a handler is always a Cancel.
 	// Only handler2 should receive the enter/move events because it is on top
 	// and handler1 is not an ancestor in the hit tree.
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f1))
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f2), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
 
 	// Leave the second area by moving into the first.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -413,8 +401,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeave(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	)
 	// The cursor leaves handler2 and enters handler1.
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f1), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f2), pointer.Leave)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2), pointer.Leave)
 
 	// Move, but stay within the same hit area.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -423,8 +411,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeave(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(40, 40),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f1), pointer.Move)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f2))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1), pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2))
 
 	// Move outside of both inputs.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -433,8 +421,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeave(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(300, 300),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f1), pointer.Leave)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f2))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1), pointer.Leave)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2))
 
 	// Check that a Press event generates Enter Events.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -443,8 +431,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeave(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(125, 125),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f1))
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f2), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
 
 	// Check that a drag only affects the participating handlers.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -459,8 +447,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeave(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f1))
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f2), pointer.Leave, pointer.Drag, pointer.Enter, pointer.Drag)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2), pointer.Leave, pointer.Drag, pointer.Enter, pointer.Drag)
 
 	// Check that a Release event generates Enter/Leave Events.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -470,9 +458,9 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeave(t *testing.T) {
 				25),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f1), pointer.Enter)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1), pointer.Enter)
 	// The second handler gets the release event because the press started inside it.
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f2), pointer.Release, pointer.Leave)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2), pointer.Release, pointer.Leave)
 }
 
 func TestMultipleAreas(t *testing.T) {
@@ -487,7 +475,7 @@ func TestMultipleAreas(t *testing.T) {
 	event.InputOp(&ops, handler)
 	r1.Pop()
 
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler, f))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f))
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	// Hit first area, then second area, then both.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -504,7 +492,7 @@ func TestMultipleAreas(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move, pointer.Move, pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move, pointer.Move, pointer.Move)
 }
 
 func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
@@ -512,7 +500,12 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 	handler2 := new(int)
 	var ops op.Ops
 
-	f := pointer.Filter{Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Move | pointer.Release | pointer.Enter | pointer.Leave}
+	filter := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{
+			Target: t,
+			Kinds:  pointer.Press | pointer.Move | pointer.Release | pointer.Enter | pointer.Leave,
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Handler 1 area: (0, 0) - (100, 100)
 	r1 := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 100, 100)).Push(&ops)
@@ -525,8 +518,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 	r1.Pop()
 
 	var r Router
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	// Hit both handlers.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -537,8 +530,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 	)
 	// First event for a handler is always a Cancel.
 	// Both handlers should receive the Enter and Move events because handler2 is a child of handler1.
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
 
 	// Leave the second area by moving into the first.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -547,8 +540,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(20, 20),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Move)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f), pointer.Leave)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Leave)
 
 	// Move, but stay within the same hit area.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -557,8 +550,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(10, 10),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Move)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)))
 
 	// Move outside of both inputs.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -567,8 +560,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(200, 200),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Leave)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f))
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Leave)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)))
 
 	// Check that a Press event generates Enter Events.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -577,8 +570,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
 
 	// Check that a Release event generates Enter/Leave Events.
 	r.Queue(
@@ -587,8 +580,8 @@ func TestPointerEnterLeaveNested(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(20, 20),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Release)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler2, f), pointer.Release, pointer.Leave)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Release)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Release, pointer.Leave)
 }
 
 func TestPointerActiveInputDisappears(t *testing.T) {
@@ -606,7 +599,7 @@ func TestPointerActiveInputDisappears(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(25, 25),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Move)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 
 	// Re-render with handler missing.
@@ -618,7 +611,7 @@ func TestPointerActiveInputDisappears(t *testing.T) {
 			Position: f32.Pt(25, 25),
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, handler1, f), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Cancel)
 }
 
 func TestMultitouch(t *testing.T) {
@@ -655,8 +648,8 @@ func TestMultitouch(t *testing.T) {
 			PointerID: p2,
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h1, f1), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h2, f2), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press, pointer.Release)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f1), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f2), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press, pointer.Release)
 }
 
 func TestCursor(t *testing.T) {
@@ -743,7 +736,6 @@ func TestCursor(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 			r.Frame(ops)
 			r.Queue(tc.events...)
-			r.Frame(ops)
 			// The cursor should now have been changed if the mouse moved over the declared area.
 			if got, want := r.Cursor(), tc.want; got != want {
 				t.Errorf("got %q; want %q", got, want)
@@ -772,21 +764,23 @@ func TestPassOp(t *testing.T) {
 	root.Pop()
 
 	var r Router
-	f := pointer.Filter{Kinds: pointer.Press}
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h1, f), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h2, f), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h3, f), pointer.Cancel)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h4, f), pointer.Cancel)
+	filter := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{Target: t, Kinds: pointer.Press}
+	}
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h1)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h2)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h3)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h4)), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
 		pointer.Event{
 			Kind: pointer.Press,
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h1, f), pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h2, f), pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h3, f), pointer.Press)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h4, f), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h1)), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h2)), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h3)), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(h4)), pointer.Press)
 }
 
 func TestAreaPassthrough(t *testing.T) {
@@ -797,16 +791,17 @@ func TestAreaPassthrough(t *testing.T) {
 	clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 100, 100)).Push(&ops).Pop()
 	var r Router
 	f := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds: pointer.Press,
+		Target: h,
+		Kinds:  pointer.Press,
 	}
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h, f), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
 		pointer.Event{
 			Kind: pointer.Press,
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h, f), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Press)
 }
 
 func TestEllipse(t *testing.T) {
@@ -818,9 +813,10 @@ func TestEllipse(t *testing.T) {
 	cl.Pop()
 	var r Router
 	f := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds: pointer.Press,
+		Target: h,
+		Kinds:  pointer.Press,
 	}
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h, f), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Cancel)
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	r.Queue(
 		// Outside ellipse.
@@ -837,7 +833,7 @@ func TestEllipse(t *testing.T) {
 			Kind:     pointer.Press,
 		},
 	)
-	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, h, f), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Press)
 }
 
 func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
@@ -845,8 +841,8 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 	tgtArea := srcArea.Add(image.Pt(40, 0))
 	setup := func(r *Router, ops *op.Ops, srcType, tgtType string) (src, tgt event.Tag) {
 		src, tgt = new(int), new(int)
-		events(r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: srcType})
-		events(r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: tgtType})
+		events(r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: srcType})
+		events(r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: tgtType})
 
 		srcStack := clip.Rect(srcArea).Push(ops)
 		event.InputOp(ops, src)
@@ -875,8 +871,8 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 				Kind:     pointer.Move,
 			},
 		)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}))
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.InitiateEvent{})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}))
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"}), transfer.InitiateEvent{})
 
 		// Drop.
 		r.Queue(
@@ -889,8 +885,8 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 				Kind:     pointer.Release,
 			},
 		)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
 	})
 
 	t.Run("drag with valid and invalid targets", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -898,7 +894,7 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 		var r Router
 		src, tgt1 := setup(&r, ops, "file", "file")
 		tgt2 := new(int)
-		events(&r, tgt2, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "nofile"})
+		events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt2, Type: "nofile"})
 		stack := clip.Rect(tgtArea).Push(ops)
 		event.InputOp(ops, tgt2)
 		stack.Pop()
@@ -914,9 +910,9 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 				Kind:     pointer.Move,
 			},
 		)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}))
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt1, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.InitiateEvent{})
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt2, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "nofile"}))
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}))
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt1, Type: "file"}), transfer.InitiateEvent{})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt2, Type: "nofile"}))
 	})
 
 	t.Run("drop on invalid target", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -935,8 +931,8 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 				Kind:     pointer.Move,
 			},
 		)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}))
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "nofile"}))
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}))
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "nofile"}))
 
 		// Drop.
 		r.Queue(
@@ -945,8 +941,8 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 				Kind:     pointer.Release,
 			},
 		)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "nofile"}))
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "nofile"}))
 	})
 
 	t.Run("drop on valid target", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -954,7 +950,7 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 		var r Router
 		src, tgt := setup(&r, ops, "file", "file")
 		// Make the target also a source. This should have no effect.
-		events(&r, tgt, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"})
+		events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"})
 		r.Frame(ops)
 		// Drag.
 		r.Queue(
@@ -967,8 +963,7 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 				Kind:     pointer.Move,
 			},
 		)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}))
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.InitiateEvent{})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, 1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"}), transfer.InitiateEvent{})
 
 		// Drop.
 		r.Queue(
@@ -977,14 +972,13 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 				Kind:     pointer.Release,
 			},
 		)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.RequestEvent{Type: "file"})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, 1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}), transfer.RequestEvent{Type: "file"})
 
 		// Offer valid type and data.
 		ofr := &offer{data: "hello"}
 		r.Source().Execute(transfer.OfferCmd{Tag: src, Type: "file", Data: ofr})
-		r.Frame(ops)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
-		evs := events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "file"})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
+		evs := events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"})
 		if len(evs) != 2 {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected number of events: %d, want 2", len(evs))
 		}
@@ -1011,7 +1005,7 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 		var r Router
 		src, tgt := setup(&r, ops, "file", "file")
 		// Make the target also a source. This should have no effect.
-		events(&r, tgt, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"})
+		events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"})
 		r.Frame(ops)
 		// Drag.
 		r.Queue(
@@ -1029,13 +1023,13 @@ func TestTransfer(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		)
 		ofr := &offer{data: "hello"}
-		events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"})
-		events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "file"})
-		r.Source().Execute(transfer.OfferCmd{Tag: src, Type: "file", Data: ofr})
+		events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"})
+		events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"})
 		r.Frame(ops)
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, src, transfer.SourceFilter{Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
+		r.Source().Execute(transfer.OfferCmd{Tag: src, Type: "file", Data: ofr})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.SourceFilter{Target: src, Type: "file"}), transfer.CancelEvent{})
 		// Ignore DataEvent and verify that the next frame closes it as unused.
-		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, tgt, transfer.TargetFilter{Type: "file"})[1:], transfer.CancelEvent{})
+		assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, transfer.TargetFilter{Target: tgt, Type: "file"})[1:], transfer.CancelEvent{})
 		r.Frame(ops)
 		if !ofr.closed {
 			t.Error("offer was not closed")
@@ -1099,9 +1093,10 @@ func (o *offer) Close() error {
 // rectangular area.
 func addPointerHandler(r *Router, ops *op.Ops, tag event.Tag, area image.Rectangle) pointer.Filter {
 	f := pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release | pointer.Move | pointer.Drag | pointer.Enter | pointer.Leave,
+		Target: tag,
+		Kinds:  pointer.Press | pointer.Release | pointer.Move | pointer.Drag | pointer.Enter | pointer.Leave,
 	}
-	events(r, tag, f)
+	events(r, -1, f)
 	defer clip.Rect(area).Push(ops).Pop()
 	event.InputOp(ops, tag)
 	return f
@@ -1145,6 +1140,29 @@ func assertEventSequence(t *testing.T, got []event.Event, expected ...event.Even
 	}
 }
 
+// assertEventTypeSequence checks that the provided event types match expected.
+func assertEventTypeSequence(t *testing.T, got []event.Event, expected ...event.Event) {
+	t.Helper()
+	match := len(expected) == len(got)
+	if match {
+		for i, ge := range got {
+			exp := expected[i]
+			match = match && reflect.TypeOf(ge) == reflect.TypeOf(exp)
+		}
+	}
+	if !match {
+		t.Errorf("expected event types %s, got %s", eventTypesToString(expected), eventTypesToString(got))
+	}
+}
+
+func eventTypesToString(evs []event.Event) string {
+	var s []string
+	for _, e := range evs {
+		s = append(s, fmt.Sprintf("%T", e))
+	}
+	return "[" + strings.Join(s, ",") + "]"
+}
+
 func eventsToString(evs []event.Event) string {
 	var s []string
 	for _, ev := range evs {
@@ -1218,7 +1236,7 @@ func BenchmarkRouterAdd(b *testing.B) {
 					},
 				}).
 					Push(&ops)
-				events(&r, handlers[i], pointer.Filter{Kinds: pointer.Move})
+				events(&r, -1, pointer.Filter{Target: handlers[i], Kinds: pointer.Move})
 				event.InputOp(&ops, handlers[i])
 			}
 			r.Frame(&ops)
@@ -1235,3 +1253,18 @@ func BenchmarkRouterAdd(b *testing.B) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func events(r *Router, n int, filters ...event.Filter) []event.Event {
+	var events []event.Event
+	for {
+		if n != -1 && len(events) == n {
+			break
+		}
+		e, ok := r.Event(filters...)
+		if !ok {
+			break
+		}
+		events = append(events, e)
+	}
+	return events
+}
diff --git a/io/input/semantic_test.go b/io/input/semantic_test.go
index 732d58a9..98af5285 100644
--- a/io/input/semantic_test.go
+++ b/io/input/semantic_test.go
@@ -84,8 +84,9 @@ func TestSemanticDescription(t *testing.T) {
 	semantic.EnabledOp(false).Add(&ops)
 	semantic.SelectedOp(true).Add(&ops)
 	var r Router
-	events(&r, h, pointer.Filter{
-		Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release,
+	events(&r, -1, pointer.Filter{
+		Target: h,
+		Kinds:  pointer.Press | pointer.Release,
 	})
 	r.Frame(&ops)
 	tree := r.AppendSemantics(nil)
diff --git a/widget/button_test.go b/widget/button_test.go
index 7c8b52fd..a86c1536 100644
--- a/widget/button_test.go
+++ b/widget/button_test.go
@@ -37,19 +37,14 @@ func TestClickable(t *testing.T) {
 		layout()
 		r.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 	}
-	// frame: request focus for button 1
 	gtx.Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &b1})
 	frame()
-	// frame: gain focus for button 1
-	frame()
 	if !b1.Focused() {
 		t.Error("button 1 did not gain focus")
 	}
 	if b2.Focused() {
 		t.Error("button 2 should not have focus")
 	}
-	// frame: press & release return
-	frame()
 	r.Queue(
 		key.Event{
 			Name:  key.NameReturn,
@@ -66,21 +61,17 @@ func TestClickable(t *testing.T) {
 	if b2.Clicked(gtx) {
 		t.Error("button 2 got clicked when it did not have focus")
 	}
-	// frame: press return down
 	r.Queue(
 		key.Event{
 			Name:  key.NameReturn,
 			State: key.Press,
 		},
 	)
-	frame()
 	if b1.Clicked(gtx) {
 		t.Error("button 1 got clicked, even if it only got return press")
 	}
-	// frame: request focus for button 2
-	gtx.Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &b2})
 	frame()
-	// frame: gain focus for button 2
+	gtx.Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: &b2})
 	frame()
 	if b1.Focused() {
 		t.Error("button 1 should not have focus")
@@ -88,14 +79,12 @@ func TestClickable(t *testing.T) {
 	if !b2.Focused() {
 		t.Error("button 2 did not gain focus")
 	}
-	// frame: release return
 	r.Queue(
 		key.Event{
 			Name:  key.NameReturn,
 			State: key.Release,
 		},
 	)
-	frame()
 	if b1.Clicked(gtx) {
 		t.Error("button 1 got clicked, even if it had lost focus")
 	}
diff --git a/widget/editor_test.go b/widget/editor_test.go
index 1fd94b1f..7021b97a 100644
--- a/widget/editor_test.go
+++ b/widget/editor_test.go
@@ -902,11 +902,11 @@ g 2 4 6 8 g
 
 	var tim time.Duration
 	selected := func(start, end int) string {
+		gtx.Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: e})
 		// Layout once with no events; populate e.lines.
 		e.Layout(gtx, cache, font, fontSize, op.CallOp{}, op.CallOp{})
 		e.Events() // throw away any events from this layout
 
-		gtx.Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: e})
 		r.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 		gtx.Source = r.Source()
 		// Build the selection events