app: [macOS] make the app delegate optional

Inspired by the discussion at golang.org/issue/70089, this change makes
our particular NSApplicationDelegate implementation optional.

Signed-off-by: Elias Naur <mail@eliasnaur.com>

.builds/apple.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ environment:
 tasks:
  - install_go: |
      mkdir -p /home/build/sdk
-     curl -s https://dl.google.com/go/go1.22.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
+     curl -s https://dl.google.com/go/go1.24.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
  - prepare_toolchain: |
      mkdir -p $APPLE_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT
      cd $APPLE_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT
@@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ tasks:
      CC=$APPLE_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT/tools/clang-macos GOOS=darwin CGO_ENABLED=1 go build ./...
  - test_ios: |
      cd gio
-     CC=$APPLE_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT/tools/clang-ios GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 CGO_ENABLED=1 go build -tags ios ./...
+     CGO_CFLAGS=-Wno-deprecated-module-dot-map CC=$APPLE_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT/tools/clang-ios GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 CGO_ENABLED=1 go build -tags ios ./...

.builds/freebsd.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR MIT
-image: freebsd/13.x
+image: freebsd/latest
 packages:
  - libX11
  - libxkbcommon
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ environment:
 tasks:
  - install_go: |
      mkdir -p /home/build/sdk
-     curl https://dl.google.com/go/go1.22.2.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
+     curl https://dl.google.com/go/go1.24.2.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
  - test_gio: |
      cd gio
      go test ./...

.builds/linux.yml

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ secrets:
 tasks:
  - install_go: |
      mkdir -p /home/build/sdk
-     curl -s https://dl.google.com/go/go1.22.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
+     curl -s https://dl.google.com/go/go1.24.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
  - check_gofmt: |
      cd gio
      test -z "$(gofmt -s -l .)"
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ tasks:
      unzip -q ndk.zip
      rm ndk.zip
      mv android-ndk-* ndk-bundle
+     # sdkmanager needs lots of file descriptors
+     ulimit -n 10000
      yes|sdkmanager --licenses
      sdkmanager "platforms;android-31" "build-tools;32.0.0"
  - test_android: |

.builds/openbsd.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ environment:
 tasks:
  - install_go: |
      mkdir -p /home/build/sdk
-     curl https://dl.google.com/go/go1.22.2.src.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
+     curl https://dl.google.com/go/go1.24.2.src.tar.gz | tar -C /home/build/sdk -xzf -
      cd /home/build/sdk/go/src
      ./make.bash
  - test_gio: |

app/GioView.java

@@ -259,6 +259,10 @@ public final class GioView extends SurfaceView implements Choreographer.FrameCal
 	}
 
 	private void setHighRefreshRate() {
+		if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+			return;
+		}
+
 		Context context = getContext();
 		Display display = context.getDisplay();
 		Display.Mode[] supportedModes = display.getSupportedModes();

app/app.go

@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ type FrameEvent struct {
 type ViewEvent interface {
 	implementsViewEvent()
 	ImplementsEvent()
+	// Valid will return true when the ViewEvent does contains valid handles.
+	// If a window receives an invalid ViewEvent, it should deinitialize any
+	// state referring to handles from a previous ViewEvent.
+	Valid() bool
 }
 
 // Insets is the space taken up by

app/egl_wayland.go

@@ -38,7 +38,24 @@ func init() {
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		return &wlContext{Context: ctx, win: w}, nil
+
+		surf, width, height := w.surface()
+		if surf == nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("wayland: no surface")
+		}
+		eglWin := C.wl_egl_window_create(surf, C.int(width), C.int(height))
+		if eglWin == nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("wayland: wl_egl_window_create failed")
+		}
+		eglSurf := egl.NativeWindowType(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(eglWin)))
+		if err := ctx.CreateSurface(eglSurf); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		// We're in charge of the frame callbacks, don't let eglSwapBuffers
+		// wait for callbacks that may never arrive.
+		ctx.EnableVSync(false)
+
+		return &wlContext{Context: ctx, win: w, eglWin: eglWin}, nil
 	}
 }
 
@@ -54,31 +71,11 @@ func (c *wlContext) Release() {
 }
 
 func (c *wlContext) Refresh() error {
-	c.Context.ReleaseSurface()
-	if c.eglWin != nil {
-		C.wl_egl_window_destroy(c.eglWin)
-		c.eglWin = nil
-	}
 	surf, width, height := c.win.surface()
 	if surf == nil {
 		return errors.New("wayland: no surface")
 	}
-	eglWin := C.wl_egl_window_create(surf, C.int(width), C.int(height))
-	if eglWin == nil {
-		return errors.New("wayland: wl_egl_window_create failed")
-	}
-	c.eglWin = eglWin
-	eglSurf := egl.NativeWindowType(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(eglWin)))
-	if err := c.Context.CreateSurface(eglSurf); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := c.Context.MakeCurrent(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer c.Context.ReleaseCurrent()
-	// We're in charge of the frame callbacks, don't let eglSwapBuffers
-	// wait for callbacks that may never arrive.
-	c.Context.EnableVSync(false)
+	C.wl_egl_window_resize(c.eglWin, C.int(width), C.int(height), 0, 0)
 	return nil
 }
 

app/gl_macos.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ package app
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"runtime"
-
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"gioui.org/gpu"

app/gl_macos.m

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include <OpenGL/OpenGL.h>
 #include "_cgo_export.h"
 
-CALayer *gio_layerFactory(void) {
+CALayer *gio_layerFactory(BOOL presentWithTrans) {
 	@autoreleasepool {
 		return [CALayer layer];
 	}

app/ime.go

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR MIT
+
 package app
 
 import (
 	"unicode"
 	"unicode/utf16"
+	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"gioui.org/io/input"
 	"gioui.org/io/key"
@@ -116,3 +118,28 @@ func (e *editorState) RunesIndex(chars int) int {
 	// Assume runes after snippets are one UTF-16 character each.
 	return runes + chars
 }
+
+// areSnippetsConsistent reports whether the content of the old snippet is
+// consistent with the content of the new.
+func areSnippetsConsistent(old, new key.Snippet) bool {
+	// Compute the overlapping range.
+	r := old.Range
+	r.Start = max(r.Start, new.Start)
+	r.End = max(r.End, r.Start)
+	r.End = min(r.End, new.End)
+	return snippetSubstring(old, r) == snippetSubstring(new, r)
+}
+
+func snippetSubstring(s key.Snippet, r key.Range) string {
+	for r.Start > s.Start && r.Start < s.End {
+		_, n := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s.Text)
+		s.Text = s.Text[n:]
+		s.Start++
+	}
+	for r.End < s.End && r.End > s.Start {
+		_, n := utf8.DecodeLastRuneInString(s.Text)
+		s.Text = s.Text[:len(s.Text)-n]
+		s.End--
+	}
+	return s.Text
+}

app/ime_test.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 package app
 
 import (
+	"gioui.org/f32"
 	"testing"
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ func FuzzIME(f *testing.F) {
 		r.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 
 		var state editorState
+		state.Selection.Transform = f32.AffineId()
 		const (
 			cmdReplace = iota
 			cmdSelect
@@ -139,6 +141,7 @@ func FuzzIME(f *testing.F) {
 
 func TestEditorIndices(t *testing.T) {
 	var s editorState
+	s.Selection.Transform = f32.AffineId()
 	const str = "Hello, 😀"
 	s.Snippet = key.Snippet{
 		Text: str,

app/internal/windows/windows.go

@@ -108,6 +108,74 @@ type MonitorInfo struct {
 	Flags    uint32
 }
 
+type POINTER_INPUT_TYPE int32
+
+const (
+	PT_POINTER  POINTER_INPUT_TYPE = 1
+	PT_TOUCH    POINTER_INPUT_TYPE = 2
+	PT_PEN      POINTER_INPUT_TYPE = 3
+	PT_MOUSE    POINTER_INPUT_TYPE = 4
+	PT_TOUCHPAD POINTER_INPUT_TYPE = 5
+)
+
+type POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS int32
+
+const (
+	POINTER_FLAG_NEW            POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000001
+	POINTER_FLAG_INRANGE        POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000002
+	POINTER_FLAG_INCONTACT      POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000004
+	POINTER_FLAG_FIRSTBUTTON    POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000010
+	POINTER_FLAG_SECONDBUTTON   POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000020
+	POINTER_FLAG_THIRDBUTTON    POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000040
+	POINTER_FLAG_FOURTHBUTTON   POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000080
+	POINTER_FLAG_FIFTHBUTTON    POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00000100
+	POINTER_FLAG_PRIMARY        POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00002000
+	POINTER_FLAG_CONFIDENCE     POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00004000
+	POINTER_FLAG_CANCELED       POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00008000
+	POINTER_FLAG_DOWN           POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00010000
+	POINTER_FLAG_UPDATE         POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00020000
+	POINTER_FLAG_UP             POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00040000
+	POINTER_FLAG_WHEEL          POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00080000
+	POINTER_FLAG_HWHEEL         POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00100000
+	POINTER_FLAG_CAPTURECHANGED POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00200000
+	POINTER_FLAG_HASTRANSFORM   POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS = 0x00400000
+)
+
+type POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE int32
+
+const (
+	POINTER_CHANGE_NONE              POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 0
+	POINTER_CHANGE_FIRSTBUTTON_DOWN  POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 1
+	POINTER_CHANGE_FIRSTBUTTON_UP    POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 2
+	POINTER_CHANGE_SECONDBUTTON_DOWN POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 3
+	POINTER_CHANGE_SECONDBUTTON_UP   POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 4
+	POINTER_CHANGE_THIRDBUTTON_DOWN  POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 5
+	POINTER_CHANGE_THIRDBUTTON_UP    POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 6
+	POINTER_CHANGE_FOURTHBUTTON_DOWN POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 7
+	POINTER_CHANGE_FOURTHBUTTON_UP   POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 8
+	POINTER_CHANGE_FIFTHBUTTON_DOWN  POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 9
+	POINTER_CHANGE_FIFTHBUTTON_UP    POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE = 10
+)
+
+type PointerInfo struct {
+	PointerType           POINTER_INPUT_TYPE
+	PointerId             uint32
+	FrameId               uint32
+	PointerFlags          POINTER_INFO_POINTER_FLAGS
+	SourceDevice          syscall.Handle
+	HwndTarget            syscall.Handle
+	PtPixelLocation       Point
+	PtHimetricLocation    Point
+	PtPixelLocationRaw    Point
+	PtHimetricLocationRaw Point
+	DwTime                uint32
+	HistoryCount          uint32
+	InputData             int32
+	DwKeyStates           uint32
+	PerformanceCount      uint64
+	ButtonChangeType      POINTER_BUTTON_CHANGE_TYPE
+}
+
 const (
 	TRUE = 1
 
@@ -244,44 +312,51 @@ const (
 
 	UNICODE_NOCHAR = 65535
 
-	WM_CANCELMODE           = 0x001F
-	WM_CHAR                 = 0x0102
-	WM_CLOSE                = 0x0010
-	WM_CREATE               = 0x0001
-	WM_DPICHANGED           = 0x02E0
-	WM_DESTROY              = 0x0002
-	WM_ERASEBKGND           = 0x0014
-	WM_GETMINMAXINFO        = 0x0024
-	WM_IME_COMPOSITION      = 0x010F
-	WM_IME_ENDCOMPOSITION   = 0x010E
-	WM_IME_STARTCOMPOSITION = 0x010D
-	WM_KEYDOWN              = 0x0100
-	WM_KEYUP                = 0x0101
-	WM_KILLFOCUS            = 0x0008
-	WM_LBUTTONDOWN          = 0x0201
-	WM_LBUTTONUP            = 0x0202
-	WM_MBUTTONDOWN          = 0x0207
-	WM_MBUTTONUP            = 0x0208
-	WM_MOUSEMOVE            = 0x0200
-	WM_MOUSEWHEEL           = 0x020A
-	WM_MOUSEHWHEEL          = 0x020E
-	WM_NCACTIVATE           = 0x0086
-	WM_NCHITTEST            = 0x0084
-	WM_NCCALCSIZE           = 0x0083
-	WM_PAINT                = 0x000F
-	WM_QUIT                 = 0x0012
-	WM_SETCURSOR            = 0x0020
-	WM_SETFOCUS             = 0x0007
-	WM_SHOWWINDOW           = 0x0018
-	WM_SIZE                 = 0x0005
-	WM_SYSKEYDOWN           = 0x0104
-	WM_SYSKEYUP             = 0x0105
-	WM_RBUTTONDOWN          = 0x0204
-	WM_RBUTTONUP            = 0x0205
-	WM_TIMER                = 0x0113
-	WM_UNICHAR              = 0x0109
-	WM_USER                 = 0x0400
-	WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED     = 0x0047
+	WM_CANCELMODE            = 0x001F
+	WM_CHAR                  = 0x0102
+	WM_CLOSE                 = 0x0010
+	WM_CREATE                = 0x0001
+	WM_DPICHANGED            = 0x02E0
+	WM_DESTROY               = 0x0002
+	WM_ERASEBKGND            = 0x0014
+	WM_GETMINMAXINFO         = 0x0024
+	WM_IME_COMPOSITION       = 0x010F
+	WM_IME_ENDCOMPOSITION    = 0x010E
+	WM_IME_STARTCOMPOSITION  = 0x010D
+	WM_KEYDOWN               = 0x0100
+	WM_KEYUP                 = 0x0101
+	WM_KILLFOCUS             = 0x0008
+	WM_LBUTTONDOWN           = 0x0201
+	WM_LBUTTONUP             = 0x0202
+	WM_MBUTTONDOWN           = 0x0207
+	WM_MBUTTONUP             = 0x0208
+	WM_MOUSEMOVE             = 0x0200
+	WM_MOUSEWHEEL            = 0x020A
+	WM_MOUSEHWHEEL           = 0x020E
+	WM_NCACTIVATE            = 0x0086
+	WM_NCHITTEST             = 0x0084
+	WM_NCCALCSIZE            = 0x0083
+	WM_PAINT                 = 0x000F
+	WM_POINTERCAPTURECHANGED = 0x024C
+	WM_POINTERDOWN           = 0x0246
+	WM_POINTERUP             = 0x0247
+	WM_POINTERUPDATE         = 0x0245
+	WM_POINTERWHEEL          = 0x024E
+	WM_POINTERHWHEEL         = 0x024F
+	WM_QUIT                  = 0x0012
+	WM_RBUTTONDOWN           = 0x0204
+	WM_RBUTTONUP             = 0x0205
+	WM_SETCURSOR             = 0x0020
+	WM_SETFOCUS              = 0x0007
+	WM_SHOWWINDOW            = 0x0018
+	WM_SIZE                  = 0x0005
+	WM_STYLECHANGED          = 0x007D
+	WM_SYSKEYDOWN            = 0x0104
+	WM_SYSKEYUP              = 0x0105
+	WM_TIMER                 = 0x0113
+	WM_UNICHAR               = 0x0109
+	WM_USER                  = 0x0400
+	WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED      = 0x0047
 
 	WS_CLIPCHILDREN     = 0x02000000
 	WS_CLIPSIBLINGS     = 0x04000000
@@ -345,6 +420,7 @@ var (
 	_DestroyWindow               = user32.NewProc("DestroyWindow")
 	_DispatchMessage             = user32.NewProc("DispatchMessageW")
 	_EmptyClipboard              = user32.NewProc("EmptyClipboard")
+	_EnableMouseInPointer        = user32.NewProc("EnableMouseInPointer")
 	_GetWindowRect               = user32.NewProc("GetWindowRect")
 	_GetClientRect               = user32.NewProc("GetClientRect")
 	_GetClipboardData            = user32.NewProc("GetClipboardData")
@@ -354,6 +430,7 @@ var (
 	_GetMessage                  = user32.NewProc("GetMessageW")
 	_GetMessageTime              = user32.NewProc("GetMessageTime")
 	_GetMonitorInfo              = user32.NewProc("GetMonitorInfoW")
+	_GetPointerInfo              = user32.NewProc("GetPointerInfo")
 	_GetSystemMetrics            = user32.NewProc("GetSystemMetrics")
 	_GetWindowLong               = user32.NewProc("GetWindowLongPtrW")
 	_GetWindowLong32             = user32.NewProc("GetWindowLongW")
@@ -371,6 +448,7 @@ var (
 	_PostQuitMessage             = user32.NewProc("PostQuitMessage")
 	_ReleaseCapture              = user32.NewProc("ReleaseCapture")
 	_RegisterClassExW            = user32.NewProc("RegisterClassExW")
+	_RegisterTouchWindow         = user32.NewProc("RegisterTouchWindow")
 	_ReleaseDC                   = user32.NewProc("ReleaseDC")
 	_ScreenToClient              = user32.NewProc("ScreenToClient")
 	_ShowWindow                  = user32.NewProc("ShowWindow")
@@ -444,6 +522,31 @@ func CreateWindowEx(dwExStyle uint32, lpClassName uint16, lpWindowName string, d
 	return syscall.Handle(hwnd), nil
 }
 
+func GetPointerInfo(pointerId uint32) (PointerInfo, error) {
+	var info PointerInfo
+	r1, _, err := _GetPointerInfo.Call(uintptr(pointerId), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&info)))
+	if r1 == 0 {
+		return PointerInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("GetPointerInfo failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	return info, nil
+}
+
+func RegisterTouchWindow(hwnd syscall.Handle, flags uint32) error {
+	r1, _, err := _RegisterTouchWindow.Call(uintptr(hwnd), uintptr(flags))
+	if r1 == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("RegisterTouchWindow failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func EnableMouseInPointer(enable uint) error {
+	r1, _, err := _EnableMouseInPointer.Call(uintptr(enable))
+	if r1 == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("EnableMouseInPointer failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func DefWindowProc(hwnd syscall.Handle, msg uint32, wparam, lparam uintptr) uintptr {
 	r, _, _ := _DefWindowProc.Call(uintptr(hwnd), uintptr(msg), wparam, lparam)
 	return r

app/log_windows.go

@@ -4,14 +4,15 @@ package app
 
 import (
 	"log"
-	"syscall"
 	"unsafe"
+
+	syscall "golang.org/x/sys/windows"
 )
 
 type logger struct{}
 
 var (
-	kernel32           = syscall.NewLazyDLL("kernel32")
+	kernel32           = syscall.NewLazySystemDLL("kernel32")
 	outputDebugStringW = kernel32.NewProc("OutputDebugStringW")
 	debugView          *logger
 )

app/metal_darwin.go

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func newMtlContext(w *window) (*mtlContext, error) {
 		return nil, errors.New("metal: CAMetalLayer construction failed")
 	}
 	queue := C.newCommandQueue(dev)
-	if layer == 0 {
+	if queue == 0 {
 		C.CFRelease(dev)
 		C.CFRelease(layer)
 		return nil, errors.New("metal: [MTLDevice newCommandQueue] failed")

app/metal_macos.go

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ package app
 #import <QuartzCore/CAMetalLayer.h>
 #include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
 
-CALayer *gio_layerFactory(void) {
+CALayer *gio_layerFactory(BOOL presentWithTrans) {
 	@autoreleasepool {
 		CAMetalLayer *l = [CAMetalLayer layer];
 		l.autoresizingMask = kCALayerHeightSizable|kCALayerWidthSizable;
 		l.needsDisplayOnBoundsChange = YES;
-		l.presentsWithTransaction = YES;
+		l.presentsWithTransaction = presentWithTrans;
 		return l;
 	}
 }

app/os.go

@@ -173,19 +173,13 @@ type context interface {
 	Unlock()
 }
 
-// basicDriver is the subset of [driver] that may be called even after
-// a window is destroyed.
-type basicDriver interface {
+// driver is the interface for the platform implementation
+// of a window.
+type driver interface {
 	// Event blocks until an event is available and returns it.
 	Event() event.Event
 	// Invalidate requests a FrameEvent.
 	Invalidate()
-}
-
-// driver is the interface for the platform implementation
-// of a window.
-type driver interface {
-	basicDriver
 	// SetAnimating sets the animation flag. When the window is animating,
 	// FrameEvents are delivered as fast as the display can handle them.
 	SetAnimating(anim bool)
@@ -201,8 +195,6 @@ type driver interface {
 	Configure([]Option)
 	// SetCursor updates the current cursor to name.
 	SetCursor(cursor pointer.Cursor)
-	// Wakeup wakes up the event loop and sends a WakeupEvent.
-	// Wakeup()
 	// Perform actions on the window.
 	Perform(system.Action)
 	// EditorStateChanged notifies the driver that the editor state changed.

app/os_android.go

@@ -575,10 +575,7 @@ func Java_org_gioui_GioView_onFrameCallback(env *C.JNIEnv, class C.jclass, view
 	if !exist {
 		return
 	}
-	if w.visible && w.animating {
-		w.draw(env, false)
-		callVoidMethod(env, w.view, gioView.postFrameCallback)
-	}
+	w.draw(env, false)
 }
 
 //export Java_org_gioui_GioView_onBack
@@ -882,6 +879,9 @@ func (w *window) draw(env *C.JNIEnv, sync bool) {
 		},
 		Sync: sync,
 	})
+	if w.animating {
+		callVoidMethod(env, w.view, gioView.postFrameCallback)
+	}
 	a11yActive, err := callBooleanMethod(env, w.view, gioView.isA11yActive)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
@@ -1495,3 +1495,6 @@ func Java_org_gioui_Gio_scheduleMainFuncs(env *C.JNIEnv, cls C.jclass) {
 
 func (AndroidViewEvent) implementsViewEvent() {}
 func (AndroidViewEvent) ImplementsEvent()     {}
+func (a AndroidViewEvent) Valid() bool {
+	return a != (AndroidViewEvent{})
+}

app/os_darwin.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ package app
 /*
 #include <Foundation/Foundation.h>
 
-__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) void gio_wakeupMainThread(void);
+__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) void gio_runOnMain(uintptr_t h);
 __attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CFTypeRef gio_createDisplayLink(void);
 __attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) void gio_releaseDisplayLink(CFTypeRef dl);
 __attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) int gio_startDisplayLink(CFTypeRef dl);
@@ -40,8 +40,10 @@ static CFTypeRef newNSString(unichar *chars, NSUInteger length) {
 }
 */
 import "C"
+
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"runtime/cgo"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
@@ -73,8 +75,6 @@ type displayLink struct {
 // displayLinks maps CFTypeRefs to *displayLinks.
 var displayLinks sync.Map
 
-var mainFuncs = make(chan func(), 1)
-
 func isMainThread() bool {
 	return bool(C.isMainThread())
 }
@@ -85,22 +85,15 @@ func runOnMain(f func()) {
 		f()
 		return
 	}
-	go func() {
-		mainFuncs <- f
-		C.gio_wakeupMainThread()
-	}()
+	C.gio_runOnMain(C.uintptr_t(cgo.NewHandle(f)))
 }
 
-//export gio_dispatchMainFuncs
-func gio_dispatchMainFuncs() {
-	for {
-		select {
-		case f := <-mainFuncs:
-			f()
-		default:
-			return
-		}
-	}
+//export gio_runFunc
+func gio_runFunc(h C.uintptr_t) {
+	handle := cgo.Handle(h)
+	defer handle.Delete()
+	f := handle.Value().(func())
+	f()
 }
 
 // nsstringToString converts a NSString to a Go string.

app/os_darwin.m

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 
 #include "_cgo_export.h"
 
-void gio_wakeupMainThread(void) {
+void gio_runOnMain(uintptr_t h) {
 	dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
-		gio_dispatchMainFuncs();
+		gio_runFunc(h);
 	});
 }

app/os_ios.go

@@ -441,3 +441,6 @@ func gio_runMain() {
 
 func (UIKitViewEvent) implementsViewEvent() {}
 func (UIKitViewEvent) ImplementsEvent()     {}
+func (u UIKitViewEvent) Valid() bool {
+	return u != (UIKitViewEvent{})
+}

app/os_js.go

@@ -822,3 +822,6 @@ func translateKey(k string) (key.Name, bool) {
 
 func (JSViewEvent) implementsViewEvent() {}
 func (JSViewEvent) ImplementsEvent()     {}
+func (j JSViewEvent) Valid() bool {
+	return !(j.Element.IsNull() || j.Element.IsUndefined())
+}

app/os_macos.go

@@ -40,8 +40,9 @@ import (
 #define MOUSE_SCROLL 4
 
 __attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) void gio_main(void);
-__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CFTypeRef gio_createView(void);
-__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CFTypeRef gio_createWindow(CFTypeRef viewRef, CGFloat width, CGFloat height, CGFloat minWidth, CGFloat minHeight, CGFloat maxWidth, CGFloat maxHeight);
+__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) void gio_init(void);
+__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CFTypeRef gio_createView(int presentWithTrans);
+__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CFTypeRef gio_createWindow(CFTypeRef viewRef, CGFloat width, CGFloat height);
 __attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) void gio_viewSetHandle(CFTypeRef viewRef, uintptr_t handle);
 
 static void writeClipboard(CFTypeRef str) {
@@ -109,6 +110,14 @@ static void makeKeyAndOrderFront(CFTypeRef windowRef) {
 	}
 }
 
+static void makeFirstResponder(CFTypeRef windowRef, CFTypeRef viewRef) {
+	@autoreleasepool {
+		NSWindow *window = (__bridge NSWindow *)windowRef;
+		NSView *view = (__bridge NSView *)viewRef;
+		[window makeFirstResponder:view];
+	}
+}
+
 static void toggleFullScreen(CFTypeRef windowRef) {
 	@autoreleasepool {
 		NSWindow *window = (__bridge NSWindow *)windowRef;
@@ -184,6 +193,7 @@ static void setMaxSize(CFTypeRef windowRef, CGFloat width, CGFloat height) {
 	@autoreleasepool {
 		NSWindow* window = (__bridge NSWindow *)windowRef;
 		window.contentMaxSize = NSMakeSize(width, height);
+		window.maxFullScreenContentSize = NSMakeSize(width, height);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -238,6 +248,13 @@ static int isWindowZoomed(CFTypeRef windowRef) {
 	}
 }
 
+static int isWindowMiniaturized(CFTypeRef windowRef) {
+	@autoreleasepool {
+		NSWindow *window = (__bridge NSWindow *)windowRef;
+		return window.miniaturized ? 1 : 0;
+	}
+}
+
 static void zoomWindow(CFTypeRef windowRef) {
 	@autoreleasepool {
 		NSWindow *window = (__bridge NSWindow *)windowRef;
@@ -297,12 +314,29 @@ static void invalidateCharacterCoordinates(CFTypeRef viewRef) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+static void interpretKeyEvents(CFTypeRef viewRef, CFTypeRef eventRef) {
+	@autoreleasepool {
+		NSView *view = (__bridge NSView *)viewRef;
+		NSEvent *event = (__bridge NSEvent *)eventRef;
+		[view interpretKeyEvents:[NSArray arrayWithObject:event]];
+	}
+}
+
+static int isMiniaturized(CFTypeRef windowRef) {
+	@autoreleasepool {
+		NSWindow *window = (__bridge NSWindow *)windowRef;
+		return window.miniaturized ? 1 : 0;
+	}
+}
 */
 import "C"
 
 func init() {
 	// Darwin requires that UI operations happen on the main thread only.
 	runtime.LockOSThread()
+	// Register launch finished listener.
+	C.gio_init()
 }
 
 // AppKitViewEvent notifies the client of changes to the window AppKit handles.
@@ -318,7 +352,6 @@ type window struct {
 	view        C.CFTypeRef
 	w           *callbacks
 	anim        bool
-	visible     bool
 	displayLink *displayLink
 	// redraw is a single entry channel for making sure only one
 	// display link redraw request is in flight.
@@ -326,9 +359,20 @@ type window struct {
 	cursor      pointer.Cursor
 	pointerBtns pointer.Buttons
 	loop        *eventLoop
+	lastMods    C.NSUInteger
 
 	scale  float32
 	config Config
+
+	keysDown map[key.Name]struct{}
+	// cmdKeys is for storing the current key event while
+	// waiting for a doCommandBySelector.
+	cmdKeys cmdKeys
+}
+
+type cmdKeys struct {
+	eventStr  string
+	eventMods key.Modifiers
 }
 
 // launched is closed when applicationDidFinishLaunching is called.
@@ -367,11 +411,23 @@ func (w *window) WriteClipboard(mime string, s []byte) {
 }
 
 func (w *window) updateWindowMode() {
+	w.scale = float32(C.getViewBackingScale(w.view))
+	wf, hf := float32(C.viewWidth(w.view)), float32(C.viewHeight(w.view))
+	w.config.Size = image.Point{
+		X: int(wf*w.scale + .5),
+		Y: int(hf*w.scale + .5),
+	}
+	w.config.Mode = Windowed
+	window := C.windowForView(w.view)
+	if window == 0 {
+		return
+	}
 	style := int(C.getWindowStyleMask(C.windowForView(w.view)))
-	if style&C.NSWindowStyleMaskFullScreen != 0 {
+	switch {
+	case style&C.NSWindowStyleMaskFullScreen != 0:
 		w.config.Mode = Fullscreen
-	} else {
-		w.config.Mode = Windowed
+	case C.isWindowZoomed(window) != 0:
+		w.config.Mode = Maximized
 	}
 	w.config.Decorated = style&C.NSWindowStyleMaskFullSizeContentView == 0
 }
@@ -379,105 +435,82 @@ func (w *window) updateWindowMode() {
 func (w *window) Configure(options []Option) {
 	screenScale := float32(C.getScreenBackingScale())
 	cfg := configFor(screenScale)
-	prev := w.config
-	w.updateWindowMode()
 	cnf := w.config
 	cnf.apply(cfg, options)
 	window := C.windowForView(w.view)
 
+	mask := C.getWindowStyleMask(window)
+	fullscreen := mask&C.NSWindowStyleMaskFullScreen != 0
 	switch cnf.Mode {
 	case Fullscreen:
-		switch prev.Mode {
-		case Fullscreen:
-		case Minimized:
+		if C.isWindowMiniaturized(window) != 0 {
 			C.unhideWindow(window)
-			fallthrough
-		default:
-			w.config.Mode = Fullscreen
+		}
+		if !fullscreen {
 			C.toggleFullScreen(window)
 		}
 	case Minimized:
-		switch prev.Mode {
-		case Minimized, Fullscreen:
-		default:
-			w.config.Mode = Minimized
-			C.hideWindow(window)
-		}
+		C.hideWindow(window)
 	case Maximized:
-		switch prev.Mode {
-		case Fullscreen:
-		case Minimized:
+		if C.isWindowMiniaturized(window) != 0 {
 			C.unhideWindow(window)
-			fallthrough
-		default:
-			w.config.Mode = Maximized
-			w.setTitle(prev, cnf)
-			if C.isWindowZoomed(window) == 0 {
-				C.zoomWindow(window)
-			}
+		}
+		if fullscreen {
+			C.toggleFullScreen(window)
+		}
+		w.setTitle(cnf.Title)
+		if C.isWindowZoomed(window) == 0 {
+			C.zoomWindow(window)
 		}
 	case Windowed:
-		switch prev.Mode {
-		case Fullscreen:
-			C.toggleFullScreen(window)
-		case Minimized:
+		if C.isWindowMiniaturized(window) != 0 {
 			C.unhideWindow(window)
-		case Maximized:
-			if C.isWindowZoomed(window) != 0 {
-				C.zoomWindow(window)
-			}
 		}
-		w.config.Mode = Windowed
-		w.setTitle(prev, cnf)
-		if prev.Size != cnf.Size {
-			w.config.Size = cnf.Size
-			cnf.Size = cnf.Size.Div(int(screenScale))
-			C.setSize(window, C.CGFloat(cnf.Size.X), C.CGFloat(cnf.Size.Y))
+		if fullscreen {
+			C.toggleFullScreen(window)
 		}
-		if prev.MinSize != cnf.MinSize {
-			w.config.MinSize = cnf.MinSize
-			cnf.MinSize = cnf.MinSize.Div(int(screenScale))
-			C.setMinSize(window, C.CGFloat(cnf.MinSize.X), C.CGFloat(cnf.MinSize.Y))
-		}
-		if prev.MaxSize != cnf.MaxSize {
-			w.config.MaxSize = cnf.MaxSize
-			cnf.MaxSize = cnf.MaxSize.Div(int(screenScale))
+		w.setTitle(cnf.Title)
+		w.config.Size = cnf.Size
+		cnf.Size = cnf.Size.Div(int(screenScale))
+		C.setSize(window, C.CGFloat(cnf.Size.X), C.CGFloat(cnf.Size.Y))
+		w.config.MinSize = cnf.MinSize
+		cnf.MinSize = cnf.MinSize.Div(int(screenScale))
+		C.setMinSize(window, C.CGFloat(cnf.MinSize.X), C.CGFloat(cnf.MinSize.Y))
+		w.config.MaxSize = cnf.MaxSize
+		cnf.MaxSize = cnf.MaxSize.Div(int(screenScale))
+		if cnf.MaxSize != (image.Point{}) {
 			C.setMaxSize(window, C.CGFloat(cnf.MaxSize.X), C.CGFloat(cnf.MaxSize.Y))
 		}
-	}
-	if cnf.Decorated != prev.Decorated {
-		w.config.Decorated = cnf.Decorated
-		mask := C.getWindowStyleMask(window)
-		style := C.NSWindowStyleMask(C.NSWindowStyleMaskTitled | C.NSWindowStyleMaskResizable | C.NSWindowStyleMaskMiniaturizable | C.NSWindowStyleMaskClosable)
-		style = C.NSWindowStyleMaskFullSizeContentView
-		mask &^= style
-		barTrans := C.int(C.NO)
-		titleVis := C.NSWindowTitleVisibility(C.NSWindowTitleVisible)
-		if !cnf.Decorated {
-			mask |= style
-			barTrans = C.YES
-			titleVis = C.NSWindowTitleHidden
+		if C.isWindowZoomed(window) != 0 {
+			C.zoomWindow(window)
 		}
-		C.setWindowTitlebarAppearsTransparent(window, barTrans)
-		C.setWindowTitleVisibility(window, titleVis)
-		C.setWindowStyleMask(window, mask)
-		C.setWindowStandardButtonHidden(window, C.NSWindowCloseButton, barTrans)
-		C.setWindowStandardButtonHidden(window, C.NSWindowMiniaturizeButton, barTrans)
-		C.setWindowStandardButtonHidden(window, C.NSWindowZoomButton, barTrans)
-		// When toggling the titlebar, the layer doesn't update its frame
-		// until the next resize. Force it.
-		C.resetLayerFrame(w.view)
 	}
-	w.ProcessEvent(ConfigEvent{Config: w.config})
+	style := C.NSWindowStyleMask(C.NSWindowStyleMaskTitled | C.NSWindowStyleMaskResizable | C.NSWindowStyleMaskMiniaturizable | C.NSWindowStyleMaskClosable)
+	style = C.NSWindowStyleMaskFullSizeContentView
+	mask &^= style
+	barTrans := C.int(C.NO)
+	titleVis := C.NSWindowTitleVisibility(C.NSWindowTitleVisible)
+	if !cnf.Decorated {
+		mask |= style
+		barTrans = C.YES
+		titleVis = C.NSWindowTitleHidden
+	}
+	C.setWindowTitlebarAppearsTransparent(window, barTrans)
+	C.setWindowTitleVisibility(window, titleVis)
+	C.setWindowStyleMask(window, mask)
+	C.setWindowStandardButtonHidden(window, C.NSWindowCloseButton, barTrans)
+	C.setWindowStandardButtonHidden(window, C.NSWindowMiniaturizeButton, barTrans)
+	C.setWindowStandardButtonHidden(window, C.NSWindowZoomButton, barTrans)
+	// When toggling the titlebar, the layer doesn't update its frame
+	// until the next resize. Force it.
+	C.resetLayerFrame(w.view)
 }
 
-func (w *window) setTitle(prev, cnf Config) {
-	if prev.Title != cnf.Title {
-		w.config.Title = cnf.Title
-		title := stringToNSString(cnf.Title)
-		defer C.CFRelease(title)
-		C.setTitle(C.windowForView(w.view), title)
-	}
+func (w *window) setTitle(title string) {
+	w.config.Title = title
+	titleC := stringToNSString(title)
+	defer C.CFRelease(titleC)
+	C.setTitle(C.windowForView(w.view), titleC)
 }
 
 func (w *window) Perform(acts system.Action) {
@@ -505,7 +538,7 @@ func (w *window) SetCursor(cursor pointer.Cursor) {
 }
 
 func (w *window) EditorStateChanged(old, new editorState) {
-	if old.Selection.Range != new.Selection.Range || old.Snippet != new.Snippet {
+	if old.Selection.Range != new.Selection.Range || !areSnippetsConsistent(old.Snippet, new.Snippet) {
 		C.discardMarkedText(w.view)
 		w.w.SetComposingRegion(key.Range{Start: -1, End: -1})
 	}
@@ -520,7 +553,8 @@ func (w *window) SetInputHint(_ key.InputHint) {}
 
 func (w *window) SetAnimating(anim bool) {
 	w.anim = anim
-	if w.anim && w.visible {
+	window := C.windowForView(w.view)
+	if w.anim && window != 0 && C.isMiniaturized(window) == 0 {
 		w.displayLink.Start()
 	} else {
 		w.displayLink.Stop()
@@ -538,23 +572,92 @@ func (w *window) runOnMain(f func()) {
 }
 
 //export gio_onKeys
-func gio_onKeys(h C.uintptr_t, cstr C.CFTypeRef, ti C.double, mods C.NSUInteger, keyDown C.bool) {
+func gio_onKeys(h C.uintptr_t, event C.CFTypeRef, cstr C.CFTypeRef, ti C.double, mods C.NSUInteger, keyDown C.bool) {
+	w := windowFor(h)
+	if w.keysDown == nil {
+		w.keysDown = make(map[key.Name]struct{})
+	}
 	str := nsstringToString(cstr)
 	kmods := convertMods(mods)
 	ks := key.Release
 	if keyDown {
 		ks = key.Press
+		w.cmdKeys.eventStr = str
+		w.cmdKeys.eventMods = kmods
+		C.interpretKeyEvents(w.view, event)
 	}
-	w := windowFor(h)
 	for _, k := range str {
 		if n, ok := convertKey(k); ok {
-			w.ProcessEvent(key.Event{
+			ke := key.Event{
 				Name:      n,
 				Modifiers: kmods,
 				State:     ks,
+			}
+			if keyDown {
+				w.keysDown[ke.Name] = struct{}{}
+				if _, isCmd := convertCommandKey(k); isCmd || kmods.Contain(key.ModCommand) {
+					// doCommandBySelector already processed the event.
+					return
+				}
+			} else {
+				if _, pressed := w.keysDown[n]; !pressed {
+					continue
+				}
+				delete(w.keysDown, n)
+			}
+			w.ProcessEvent(ke)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+//export gio_onCommandBySelector
+func gio_onCommandBySelector(h C.uintptr_t) C.bool {
+	w := windowFor(h)
+	ev := w.cmdKeys
+	w.cmdKeys = cmdKeys{}
+	handled := false
+	for _, k := range ev.eventStr {
+		n, ok := convertCommandKey(k)
+		if !ok && ev.eventMods.Contain(key.ModCommand) {
+			n, ok = convertKey(k)
+		}
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		ke := key.Event{
+			Name:      n,
+			Modifiers: ev.eventMods,
+			State:     key.Press,
+		}
+		handled = w.processEvent(ke) || handled
+	}
+	return C.bool(handled)
+}
+
+//export gio_onFlagsChanged
+func gio_onFlagsChanged(h C.uintptr_t, curMods C.NSUInteger) {
+	w := windowFor(h)
+
+	mods := []C.NSUInteger{C.NSControlKeyMask, C.NSAlternateKeyMask, C.NSShiftKeyMask, C.NSCommandKeyMask}
+	keys := []key.Name{key.NameCtrl, key.NameAlt, key.NameShift, key.NameCommand}
+
+	for i, mod := range mods {
+		wasPressed := w.lastMods&mod != 0
+		isPressed := curMods&mod != 0
+
+		if wasPressed != isPressed {
+			st := key.Release
+			if isPressed {
+				st = key.Press
+			}
+			w.ProcessEvent(key.Event{
+				Name:  keys[i],
+				State: st,
 			})
 		}
 	}
+
+	w.lastMods = curMods
 }
 
 //export gio_onText
@@ -747,6 +850,15 @@ func gio_substringForProposedRange(h C.uintptr_t, crng C.NSRange, actual C.NSRan
 //export gio_insertText
 func gio_insertText(h C.uintptr_t, cstr C.CFTypeRef, crng C.NSRange) {
 	w := windowFor(h)
+	str := nsstringToString(cstr)
+	// macOS IME in some cases calls insertText for command keys such as backspace
+	// instead of doCommandBySelector.
+	for _, r := range str {
+		if _, ok := convertCommandKey(r); ok {
+			w.w.SetComposingRegion(key.Range{Start: -1, End: -1})
+			return
+		}
+	}
 	state := w.w.EditorState()
 	rng := state.compose
 	if rng.Start == -1 {
@@ -758,7 +870,6 @@ func gio_insertText(h C.uintptr_t, cstr C.CFTypeRef, crng C.NSRange) {
 			End:   state.RunesIndex(int(crng.location + crng.length)),
 		}
 	}
-	str := nsstringToString(cstr)
 	w.w.EditorReplace(rng, str)
 	w.w.SetComposingRegion(key.Range{Start: -1, End: -1})
 	start := rng.Start
@@ -785,7 +896,7 @@ func gio_firstRectForCharacterRange(h C.uintptr_t, crng C.NSRange, actual C.NSRa
 	// Transform to NSView local coordinates (lower left origin, undo backing scale).
 	scale := 1. / float32(C.getViewBackingScale(w.view))
 	height := float32(C.viewHeight(w.view))
-	local := f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Pt(0, 0), f32.Pt(scale, -scale)).Offset(f32.Pt(0, height))
+	local := f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Pt(0, 0), f32.Pt(scale, -scale)).Offset(f32.Pt(0, height))
 	t := local.Mul(sel.Transform)
 	bounds := f32.Rectangle{
 		Min: t.Transform(sel.Pos.Sub(f32.Pt(0, sel.Ascent))),
@@ -799,24 +910,19 @@ func gio_firstRectForCharacterRange(h C.uintptr_t, crng C.NSRange, actual C.NSRa
 }
 
 func (w *window) draw() {
+	cnf := w.config
+	w.updateWindowMode()
+	if w.config != cnf {
+		w.ProcessEvent(ConfigEvent{Config: w.config})
+	}
 	select {
 	case <-w.redraw:
 	default:
 	}
-	w.visible = true
 	if w.anim {
 		w.SetAnimating(w.anim)
 	}
-	w.scale = float32(C.getViewBackingScale(w.view))
-	wf, hf := float32(C.viewWidth(w.view)), float32(C.viewHeight(w.view))
-	sz := image.Point{
-		X: int(wf*w.scale + .5),
-		Y: int(hf*w.scale + .5),
-	}
-	if sz != w.config.Size {
-		w.config.Size = sz
-		w.ProcessEvent(ConfigEvent{Config: w.config})
-	}
+	sz := w.config.Size
 	if sz.X == 0 || sz.Y == 0 {
 		return
 	}
@@ -824,7 +930,7 @@ func (w *window) draw() {
 	w.ProcessEvent(frameEvent{
 		FrameEvent: FrameEvent{
 			Now:    time.Now(),
-			Size:   w.config.Size,
+			Size:   sz,
 			Metric: cfg,
 		},
 		Sync: true,
@@ -832,8 +938,13 @@ func (w *window) draw() {
 }
 
 func (w *window) ProcessEvent(e event.Event) {
-	w.w.ProcessEvent(e)
+	w.processEvent(e)
+}
+
+func (w *window) processEvent(e event.Event) bool {
+	handled := w.w.ProcessEvent(e)
 	w.loop.FlushEvents()
+	return handled
 }
 
 func (w *window) Event() event.Event {
@@ -867,7 +978,6 @@ func gio_onAttached(h C.uintptr_t, attached C.int) {
 		w.ProcessEvent(AppKitViewEvent{View: uintptr(w.view), Layer: uintptr(layer)})
 	} else {
 		w.ProcessEvent(AppKitViewEvent{})
-		w.visible = false
 		w.SetAnimating(w.anim)
 	}
 }
@@ -882,33 +992,6 @@ func gio_onDestroy(h C.uintptr_t) {
 	w.view = 0
 }
 
-//export gio_onHide
-func gio_onHide(h C.uintptr_t) {
-	w := windowFor(h)
-	w.visible = false
-	w.SetAnimating(w.anim)
-}
-
-//export gio_onShow
-func gio_onShow(h C.uintptr_t) {
-	w := windowFor(h)
-	w.draw()
-}
-
-//export gio_onFullscreen
-func gio_onFullscreen(h C.uintptr_t) {
-	w := windowFor(h)
-	w.config.Mode = Fullscreen
-	w.ProcessEvent(ConfigEvent{Config: w.config})
-}
-
-//export gio_onWindowed
-func gio_onWindowed(h C.uintptr_t) {
-	w := windowFor(h)
-	w.config.Mode = Windowed
-	w.ProcessEvent(ConfigEvent{Config: w.config})
-}
-
 //export gio_onFinishLaunching
 func gio_onFinishLaunching() {
 	close(launched)
@@ -925,14 +1008,15 @@ func newWindow(win *callbacks, options []Option) {
 		w.loop = newEventLoop(w.w, w.wakeup)
 		win.SetDriver(w)
 		res <- struct{}{}
-		if err := w.init(); err != nil {
+		var cnf Config
+		cnf.apply(unit.Metric{}, options)
+		if err := w.init(cnf.CustomRenderer); err != nil {
 			w.ProcessEvent(DestroyEvent{Err: err})
 			return
 		}
-		window := C.gio_createWindow(w.view, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
+		window := C.gio_createWindow(w.view, C.CGFloat(cnf.Size.X), C.CGFloat(cnf.Size.Y))
 		// Release our reference now that the NSWindow has it.
 		C.CFRelease(w.view)
-		w.updateWindowMode()
 		w.Configure(options)
 		if nextTopLeft.x == 0 && nextTopLeft.y == 0 {
 			// cascadeTopLeftFromPoint treats (0, 0) as a no-op,
@@ -940,14 +1024,19 @@ func newWindow(win *callbacks, options []Option) {
 			nextTopLeft = C.cascadeTopLeftFromPoint(window, nextTopLeft)
 		}
 		nextTopLeft = C.cascadeTopLeftFromPoint(window, nextTopLeft)
+		C.makeFirstResponder(window, w.view)
 		// makeKeyAndOrderFront assumes ownership of our window reference.
 		C.makeKeyAndOrderFront(window)
 	})
 	<-res
 }
 
-func (w *window) init() error {
-	view := C.gio_createView()
+func (w *window) init(customRenderer bool) error {
+	presentWithTrans := 1
+	if customRenderer {
+		presentWithTrans = 0
+	}
+	view := C.gio_createView(C.int(presentWithTrans))
 	if view == 0 {
 		return errors.New("newOSWindow: failed to create view")
 	}
@@ -960,9 +1049,7 @@ func (w *window) init() error {
 			return
 		}
 		w.runOnMain(func() {
-			if w.visible {
-				C.setNeedsDisplay(w.view)
-			}
+			C.setNeedsDisplay(w.view)
 		})
 	})
 	w.displayLink = dl
@@ -982,10 +1069,10 @@ func osMain() {
 	C.gio_main()
 }
 
-func convertKey(k rune) (key.Name, bool) {
+func convertCommandKey(k rune) (key.Name, bool) {
 	var n key.Name
 	switch k {
-	case 0x1b:
+	case '\x1b': // ASCII escape.
 		n = key.NameEscape
 	case C.NSLeftArrowFunctionKey:
 		n = key.NameLeftArrow
@@ -995,22 +1082,36 @@ func convertKey(k rune) (key.Name, bool) {
 		n = key.NameUpArrow
 	case C.NSDownArrowFunctionKey:
 		n = key.NameDownArrow
-	case 0xd:
+	case '\r':
 		n = key.NameReturn
-	case 0x3:
+	case '\x03':
 		n = key.NameEnter
 	case C.NSHomeFunctionKey:
 		n = key.NameHome
 	case C.NSEndFunctionKey:
 		n = key.NameEnd
-	case 0x7f:
+	case '\x7f', '\b':
 		n = key.NameDeleteBackward
 	case C.NSDeleteFunctionKey:
 		n = key.NameDeleteForward
+	case '\t', 0x19:
+		n = key.NameTab
 	case C.NSPageUpFunctionKey:
 		n = key.NamePageUp
 	case C.NSPageDownFunctionKey:
 		n = key.NamePageDown
+	default:
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return n, true
+}
+
+func convertKey(k rune) (key.Name, bool) {
+	if n, ok := convertCommandKey(k); ok {
+		return n, true
+	}
+	var n key.Name
+	switch k {
 	case C.NSF1FunctionKey:
 		n = key.NameF1
 	case C.NSF2FunctionKey:
@@ -1035,8 +1136,6 @@ func convertKey(k rune) (key.Name, bool) {
 		n = key.NameF11
 	case C.NSF12FunctionKey:
 		n = key.NameF12
-	case 0x09, 0x19:
-		n = key.NameTab
 	case 0x20:
 		n = key.NameSpace
 	default:
@@ -1068,3 +1167,6 @@ func convertMods(mods C.NSUInteger) key.Modifiers {
 
 func (AppKitViewEvent) implementsViewEvent() {}
 func (AppKitViewEvent) ImplementsEvent()     {}
+func (a AppKitViewEvent) Valid() bool {
+	return a != (AppKitViewEvent{})
+}

app/os_macos.m

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 #include "_cgo_export.h"
 
-__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CALayer *gio_layerFactory(void);
+__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CALayer *gio_layerFactory(BOOL presentWithTrans);
 
 @interface GioAppDelegate : NSObject<NSApplicationDelegate>
 @end
@@ -16,28 +16,29 @@ __attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden"))) CALayer *gio_layerFactory(void);
 
 @interface GioView : NSView <CALayerDelegate,NSTextInputClient>
 @property uintptr_t handle;
+@property BOOL presentWithTrans;
 @end
 
 @implementation GioWindowDelegate
 - (void)windowWillMiniaturize:(NSNotification *)notification {
 	NSWindow *window = (NSWindow *)[notification object];
   GioView *view = (GioView *)window.contentView;
-	gio_onHide(view.handle);
+	gio_onDraw(view.handle);
 }
 - (void)windowDidDeminiaturize:(NSNotification *)notification {
 	NSWindow *window = (NSWindow *)[notification object];
   GioView *view = (GioView *)window.contentView;
-	gio_onShow(view.handle);
+	gio_onDraw(view.handle);
 }
 - (void)windowWillEnterFullScreen:(NSNotification *)notification {
 	NSWindow *window = (NSWindow *)[notification object];
   GioView *view = (GioView *)window.contentView;
-	gio_onFullscreen(view.handle);
+	gio_onDraw(view.handle);
 }
 - (void)windowWillExitFullScreen:(NSNotification *)notification {
 	NSWindow *window = (NSWindow *)[notification object];
   GioView *view = (GioView *)window.contentView;
-	gio_onWindowed(view.handle);
+	gio_onDraw(view.handle);
 }
 - (void)windowDidChangeScreen:(NSNotification *)notification {
 	NSWindow *window = (NSWindow *)[notification object];
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ static void handleMouse(GioView *view, NSEvent *event, int typ, CGFloat dx, CGFl
 	gio_onDraw(self.handle);
 }
 - (CALayer *)makeBackingLayer {
-	CALayer *layer = gio_layerFactory();
+	CALayer *layer = gio_layerFactory(self.presentWithTrans);
 	layer.delegate = self;
 	return layer;
 }
@@ -131,22 +132,25 @@ static void handleMouse(GioView *view, NSEvent *event, int typ, CGFloat dx, CGFl
 	handleMouse(self, event, MOUSE_SCROLL, dx, dy);
 }
 - (void)keyDown:(NSEvent *)event {
-	[self interpretKeyEvents:[NSArray arrayWithObject:event]];
 	NSString *keys = [event charactersIgnoringModifiers];
-	gio_onKeys(self.handle, (__bridge CFTypeRef)keys, [event timestamp], [event modifierFlags], true);
+	gio_onKeys(self.handle, (__bridge CFTypeRef)event, (__bridge CFTypeRef)keys, [event timestamp], [event modifierFlags], true);
+}
+- (void)flagsChanged:(NSEvent *)event {
+	[self interpretKeyEvents:[NSArray arrayWithObject:event]];
+	gio_onFlagsChanged(self.handle, [event modifierFlags]);
 }
 - (void)keyUp:(NSEvent *)event {
 	NSString *keys = [event charactersIgnoringModifiers];
-	gio_onKeys(self.handle, (__bridge CFTypeRef)keys, [event timestamp], [event modifierFlags], false);
+	gio_onKeys(self.handle, (__bridge CFTypeRef)event, (__bridge CFTypeRef)keys, [event timestamp], [event modifierFlags], false);
 }
 - (void)insertText:(id)string {
 	gio_onText(self.handle, (__bridge CFTypeRef)string);
 }
-- (void)doCommandBySelector:(SEL)sel {
-	// Don't pass commands up the responder chain.
-	// They will end up in a beep.
+- (void)doCommandBySelector:(SEL)action {
+	if (!gio_onCommandBySelector(self.handle)) {
+		[super doCommandBySelector:action];
+	}
 }
-
 - (BOOL)hasMarkedText {
 	int res = gio_hasMarkedText(self.handle);
 	return res ? YES : NO;
@@ -201,10 +205,10 @@ static void handleMouse(GioView *view, NSEvent *event, int typ, CGFloat dx, CGFl
     return [[self window] convertRectToScreen:r];
 }
 - (void)applicationWillUnhide:(NSNotification *)notification {
-	gio_onShow(self.handle);
+	gio_onDraw(self.handle);
 }
 - (void)applicationDidHide:(NSNotification *)notification {
-	gio_onHide(self.handle);
+	gio_onDraw(self.handle);
 }
 - (void)dealloc {
 	gio_onDestroy(self.handle);
@@ -365,7 +369,7 @@ void gio_setCursor(NSUInteger curID) {
 	}
 }
 
-CFTypeRef gio_createWindow(CFTypeRef viewRef, CGFloat width, CGFloat height, CGFloat minWidth, CGFloat minHeight, CGFloat maxWidth, CGFloat maxHeight) {
+CFTypeRef gio_createWindow(CFTypeRef viewRef, CGFloat width, CGFloat height) {
 	@autoreleasepool {
 		NSRect rect = NSMakeRect(0, 0, width, height);
 		NSUInteger styleMask = NSTitledWindowMask |
@@ -377,25 +381,19 @@ CFTypeRef gio_createWindow(CFTypeRef viewRef, CGFloat width, CGFloat height, CGF
 													   styleMask:styleMask
 														 backing:NSBackingStoreBuffered
 														   defer:NO];
-		if (minWidth > 0 || minHeight > 0) {
-			window.contentMinSize = NSMakeSize(minWidth, minHeight);
-		}
-		if (maxWidth > 0 || maxHeight > 0) {
-			window.contentMaxSize = NSMakeSize(maxWidth, maxHeight);
-		}
 		[window setAcceptsMouseMovedEvents:YES];
 		NSView *view = (__bridge NSView *)viewRef;
 		[window setContentView:view];
-		[window makeFirstResponder:view];
 		window.delegate = globalWindowDel;
 		return (__bridge_retained CFTypeRef)window;
 	}
 }
 
-CFTypeRef gio_createView(void) {
+CFTypeRef gio_createView(int presentWithTrans) {
 	@autoreleasepool {
 		NSRect frame = NSMakeRect(0, 0, 0, 0);
 		GioView* view = [[GioView alloc] initWithFrame:frame];
+		view.presentWithTrans = presentWithTrans ? YES : NO;
 		view.wantsLayer = YES;
 		view.layerContentsRedrawPolicy = NSViewLayerContentsRedrawDuringViewResize;
 
@@ -422,7 +420,6 @@ void gio_viewSetHandle(CFTypeRef viewRef, uintptr_t handle) {
 - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification {
 	[NSApp setActivationPolicy:NSApplicationActivationPolicyRegular];
 	[NSApp activateIgnoringOtherApps:YES];
-	gio_onFinishLaunching();
 }
 @end
 
@@ -453,3 +450,25 @@ void gio_main() {
 		[NSApp run];
 	}
 }
+
+@interface AppListener : NSObject
+@end
+
+static AppListener *appListener;
+
+@implementation AppListener
+- (void)launchFinished:(NSNotification *)notification {
+	appListener = nil;
+	gio_onFinishLaunching();
+}
+@end
+
+void gio_init() {
+	@autoreleasepool {
+		appListener = [[AppListener alloc] init];
+		[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:appListener
+												 selector:@selector(launchFinished:)
+													 name:NSApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification
+												   object:nil];
+	}
+}

app/os_unix.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"unsafe"
 
-	"gioui.org/io/event"
 	"gioui.org/io/pointer"
 )
 
@@ -22,6 +21,9 @@ type X11ViewEvent struct {
 
 func (X11ViewEvent) implementsViewEvent() {}
 func (X11ViewEvent) ImplementsEvent()     {}
+func (x X11ViewEvent) Valid() bool {
+	return x != (X11ViewEvent{})
+}
 
 type WaylandViewEvent struct {
 	// Display is the *wl_display returned by wl_display_connect.
@@ -32,6 +34,9 @@ type WaylandViewEvent struct {
 
 func (WaylandViewEvent) implementsViewEvent() {}
 func (WaylandViewEvent) ImplementsEvent()     {}
+func (w WaylandViewEvent) Valid() bool {
+	return w != (WaylandViewEvent{})
+}
 
 func osMain() {
 	select {}
@@ -57,35 +62,12 @@ func newWindow(window *callbacks, options []Option) {
 			errFirst = err
 		}
 	}
-	window.SetDriver(&dummyDriver{
-		win:     window,
-		wakeups: make(chan event.Event, 1),
-	})
 	if errFirst == nil {
 		errFirst = errors.New("app: no window driver available")
 	}
 	window.ProcessEvent(DestroyEvent{Err: errFirst})
 }
 
-type dummyDriver struct {
-	win     *callbacks
-	wakeups chan event.Event
-}
-
-func (d *dummyDriver) Event() event.Event {
-	if e, ok := d.win.nextEvent(); ok {
-		return e
-	}
-	return <-d.wakeups
-}
-
-func (d *dummyDriver) Invalidate() {
-	select {
-	case d.wakeups <- wakeupEvent{}:
-	default:
-	}
-}
-
 // xCursor contains mapping from pointer.Cursor to XCursor.
 var xCursor = [...]string{
 	pointer.CursorDefault:                  "left_ptr",

app/os_wayland.go

@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@ type wlSeat struct {
 
 	// The most recent input serial.
 	serial C.uint32_t
+	// The most recent pointer enter serial.
+	pointerSerial C.uint32_t
 
 	pointerFocus  *window
 	keyboardFocus *window
@@ -154,7 +156,6 @@ type repeatState struct {
 type window struct {
 	w          *callbacks
 	disp       *wlDisplay
-	seat       *wlSeat
 	surf       *C.struct_wl_surface
 	wmSurf     *C.struct_xdg_surface
 	topLvl     *C.struct_xdg_toplevel
@@ -217,10 +218,6 @@ type window struct {
 	wakeups chan struct{}
 
 	closing bool
-
-	// invMu avoids the race between the destruction of disp and
-	// Invalidate waking it up.
-	invMu sync.Mutex
 }
 
 type poller struct {
@@ -855,8 +852,8 @@ func gio_onTouchCancel(data unsafe.Pointer, touch *C.struct_wl_touch) {
 func gio_onPointerEnter(data unsafe.Pointer, pointer *C.struct_wl_pointer, serial C.uint32_t, surf *C.struct_wl_surface, x, y C.wl_fixed_t) {
 	s := callbackLoad(data).(*wlSeat)
 	s.serial = serial
+	s.pointerSerial = serial
 	w := callbackLoad(unsafe.Pointer(surf)).(*window)
-	w.seat = s
 	s.pointerFocus = w
 	w.setCursor(pointer, serial)
 	w.lastPos = f32.Point{X: fromFixed(x), Y: fromFixed(y)}
@@ -865,9 +862,9 @@ func gio_onPointerEnter(data unsafe.Pointer, pointer *C.struct_wl_pointer, seria
 //export gio_onPointerLeave
 func gio_onPointerLeave(data unsafe.Pointer, p *C.struct_wl_pointer, serial C.uint32_t, surf *C.struct_wl_surface) {
 	w := callbackLoad(unsafe.Pointer(surf)).(*window)
-	w.seat = nil
 	s := callbackLoad(data).(*wlSeat)
 	s.serial = serial
+	s.pointerFocus = nil
 	if w.inCompositor {
 		w.inCompositor = false
 		w.ProcessEvent(pointer.Event{Kind: pointer.Cancel})
@@ -887,11 +884,13 @@ func gio_onPointerButton(data unsafe.Pointer, p *C.struct_wl_pointer, serial, t,
 	s := callbackLoad(data).(*wlSeat)
 	s.serial = serial
 	w := s.pointerFocus
-	// From linux-event-codes.h.
+	// From Linux: include/uapi/linux/input-event-codes.h
 	const (
 		BTN_LEFT   = 0x110
 		BTN_RIGHT  = 0x111
 		BTN_MIDDLE = 0x112
+		BTN_SIDE   = 0x113
+		BTN_EXTRA  = 0x114
 	)
 	var btn pointer.Buttons
 	switch wbtn {
@@ -901,6 +900,10 @@ func gio_onPointerButton(data unsafe.Pointer, p *C.struct_wl_pointer, serial, t,
 		btn = pointer.ButtonSecondary
 	case BTN_MIDDLE:
 		btn = pointer.ButtonTertiary
+	case BTN_SIDE:
+		btn = pointer.ButtonQuaternary
+	case BTN_EXTRA:
+		btn = pointer.ButtonQuinary
 	default:
 		return
 	}
@@ -967,6 +970,9 @@ func gio_onPointerAxis(data unsafe.Pointer, p *C.struct_wl_pointer, t, axis C.ui
 func gio_onPointerFrame(data unsafe.Pointer, p *C.struct_wl_pointer) {
 	s := callbackLoad(data).(*wlSeat)
 	w := s.pointerFocus
+	if w == nil {
+		return
+	}
 	w.flushScroll()
 	w.flushFling()
 }
@@ -1147,16 +1153,17 @@ func (w *window) Perform(actions system.Action) {
 }
 
 func (w *window) move(serial C.uint32_t) {
-	s := w.seat
-	if !w.inCompositor && s != nil {
-		w.inCompositor = true
-		C.xdg_toplevel_move(w.topLvl, s.seat, serial)
+	s := w.disp.seat
+	if w.inCompositor || s.pointerFocus != w {
+		return
 	}
+	w.inCompositor = true
+	C.xdg_toplevel_move(w.topLvl, s.seat, serial)
 }
 
 func (w *window) resize(serial, edge C.uint32_t) {
-	s := w.seat
-	if w.inCompositor || s == nil {
+	s := w.disp.seat
+	if w.inCompositor || s.pointerFocus != w {
 		return
 	}
 	w.inCompositor = true
@@ -1169,11 +1176,12 @@ func (w *window) SetCursor(cursor pointer.Cursor) {
 }
 
 func (w *window) updateCursor() {
-	ptr := w.disp.seat.pointer
-	if ptr == nil {
+	s := w.disp.seat
+	ptr := s.pointer
+	if ptr == nil || s.pointerFocus != w {
 		return
 	}
-	w.setCursor(ptr, w.serial)
+	w.setCursor(ptr, s.pointerSerial)
 }
 
 func (w *window) setCursor(pointer *C.struct_wl_pointer, serial C.uint32_t) {
@@ -1182,7 +1190,7 @@ func (w *window) setCursor(pointer *C.struct_wl_pointer, serial C.uint32_t) {
 		c = w.cursor.cursor
 	}
 	if c == nil {
-		C.wl_pointer_set_cursor(pointer, w.serial, nil, 0, 0)
+		C.wl_pointer_set_cursor(pointer, serial, nil, 0, 0)
 		return
 	}
 	// Get images[0].
@@ -1369,10 +1377,8 @@ func (w *window) close(err error) {
 	w.ProcessEvent(WaylandViewEvent{})
 	w.ProcessEvent(DestroyEvent{Err: err})
 	w.destroy()
-	w.invMu.Lock()
 	w.disp.destroy()
 	w.disp = nil
-	w.invMu.Unlock()
 }
 
 func (w *window) dispatch() {
@@ -1416,11 +1422,7 @@ func (w *window) Invalidate() {
 	default:
 		return
 	}
-	w.invMu.Lock()
-	defer w.invMu.Unlock()
-	if w.disp != nil {
-		w.disp.wakeup()
-	}
+	w.disp.wakeup()
 }
 
 func (w *window) Run(f func()) {
@@ -1643,6 +1645,14 @@ func (w *window) flushScroll() {
 	if total == (f32.Point{}) {
 		return
 	}
+	if w.scroll.steps == (image.Point{}) {
+		w.fling.xExtrapolation.SampleDelta(w.scroll.time, -w.scroll.dist.X)
+		w.fling.yExtrapolation.SampleDelta(w.scroll.time, -w.scroll.dist.Y)
+	}
+	// Zero scroll distance prior to calling ProcessEvent, otherwise we may recursively
+	// re-process the scroll distance.
+	w.scroll.dist = f32.Point{}
+	w.scroll.steps = image.Point{}
 	w.ProcessEvent(pointer.Event{
 		Kind:      pointer.Scroll,
 		Source:    pointer.Mouse,
@@ -1652,12 +1662,6 @@ func (w *window) flushScroll() {
 		Time:      w.scroll.time,
 		Modifiers: w.disp.xkb.Modifiers(),
 	})
-	if w.scroll.steps == (image.Point{}) {
-		w.fling.xExtrapolation.SampleDelta(w.scroll.time, -w.scroll.dist.X)
-		w.fling.yExtrapolation.SampleDelta(w.scroll.time, -w.scroll.dist.Y)
-	}
-	w.scroll.dist = f32.Point{}
-	w.scroll.steps = image.Point{}
 }
 
 func (w *window) onPointerMotion(x, y C.wl_fixed_t, t C.uint32_t) {

app/os_windows.go

@@ -36,27 +36,22 @@ type Win32ViewEvent struct {
 }
 
 type window struct {
-	hwnd        syscall.Handle
-	hdc         syscall.Handle
-	w           *callbacks
-	pointerBtns pointer.Buttons
+	hwnd syscall.Handle
+	hdc  syscall.Handle
+	w    *callbacks
 
 	// cursorIn tracks whether the cursor was inside the window according
 	// to the most recent WM_SETCURSOR.
 	cursorIn bool
 	cursor   syscall.Handle
 
-	// placement saves the previous window position when in full screen mode.
-	placement *windows.WindowPlacement
-
 	animating bool
 
 	borderSize image.Point
 	config     Config
-	loop       *eventLoop
-
-	// invMu avoids the race between destroying the window and Invalidate.
-	invMu sync.Mutex
+	// frameDims stores the last seen window frame width and height.
+	frameDims image.Point
+	loop      *eventLoop
 }
 
 const _WM_WAKEUP = windows.WM_USER + iota
@@ -111,8 +106,8 @@ func newWindow(win *callbacks, options []Option) {
 		}
 		winMap.Store(w.hwnd, w)
 		defer winMap.Delete(w.hwnd)
-		w.ProcessEvent(Win32ViewEvent{HWND: uintptr(w.hwnd)})
 		w.Configure(options)
+		w.ProcessEvent(Win32ViewEvent{HWND: uintptr(w.hwnd)})
 		windows.SetForegroundWindow(w.hwnd)
 		windows.SetFocus(w.hwnd)
 		// Since the window class for the cursor is null,
@@ -179,6 +174,12 @@ func (w *window) init() error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	if err := windows.RegisterTouchWindow(hwnd, 0); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := windows.EnableMouseInPointer(1); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	w.hdc, err = windows.GetDC(hwnd)
 	if err != nil {
 		windows.DestroyWindow(hwnd)
@@ -188,21 +189,39 @@ func (w *window) init() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// update() handles changes done by the user, and updates the configuration.
+// update handles changes done by the user, and updates the configuration.
 // It reads the window style and size/position and updates w.config.
 // If anything has changed it emits a ConfigEvent to notify the application.
 func (w *window) update() {
-	cr := windows.GetClientRect(w.hwnd)
-	w.config.Size = image.Point{
-		X: int(cr.Right - cr.Left),
-		Y: int(cr.Bottom - cr.Top),
+	p := windows.GetWindowPlacement(w.hwnd)
+	if !p.IsMinimized() {
+		r := windows.GetWindowRect(w.hwnd)
+		cr := windows.GetClientRect(w.hwnd)
+		w.config.Size = image.Point{
+			X: int(cr.Right - cr.Left),
+			Y: int(cr.Bottom - cr.Top),
+		}
+		w.frameDims = image.Point{
+			X: int(r.Right - r.Left),
+			Y: int(r.Bottom - r.Top),
+		}.Sub(w.config.Size)
 	}
 
 	w.borderSize = image.Pt(
 		windows.GetSystemMetrics(windows.SM_CXSIZEFRAME),
 		windows.GetSystemMetrics(windows.SM_CYSIZEFRAME),
 	)
+	style := windows.GetWindowLong(w.hwnd, windows.GWL_STYLE)
+	switch {
+	case p.IsMaximized() && style&windows.WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW != 0:
+		w.config.Mode = Maximized
+	case p.IsMaximized():
+		w.config.Mode = Fullscreen
+	default:
+		w.config.Mode = Windowed
+	}
 	w.ProcessEvent(ConfigEvent{Config: w.config})
+	w.draw(true)
 }
 
 func windowProc(hwnd syscall.Handle, msg uint32, wParam, lParam uintptr) uintptr {
@@ -251,18 +270,32 @@ func windowProc(hwnd syscall.Handle, msg uint32, wParam, lParam uintptr) uintptr
 				return 0
 			}
 		}
-	case windows.WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
-		w.pointerButton(pointer.ButtonPrimary, true, lParam, getModifiers())
-	case windows.WM_LBUTTONUP:
-		w.pointerButton(pointer.ButtonPrimary, false, lParam, getModifiers())
-	case windows.WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
-		w.pointerButton(pointer.ButtonSecondary, true, lParam, getModifiers())
-	case windows.WM_RBUTTONUP:
-		w.pointerButton(pointer.ButtonSecondary, false, lParam, getModifiers())
-	case windows.WM_MBUTTONDOWN:
-		w.pointerButton(pointer.ButtonTertiary, true, lParam, getModifiers())
-	case windows.WM_MBUTTONUP:
-		w.pointerButton(pointer.ButtonTertiary, false, lParam, getModifiers())
+	case windows.WM_POINTERDOWN, windows.WM_POINTERUP, windows.WM_POINTERUPDATE, windows.WM_POINTERCAPTURECHANGED:
+		pid := getPointerIDwParam(wParam)
+		pi, err := windows.GetPointerInfo(uint32(pid))
+		if err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+		switch msg {
+		case windows.WM_POINTERDOWN:
+			windows.SetCapture(w.hwnd)
+		case windows.WM_POINTERUP:
+			windows.ReleaseCapture()
+		}
+
+		kind := pointer.Move
+		switch pi.ButtonChangeType {
+		case windows.POINTER_CHANGE_FIRSTBUTTON_DOWN, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_SECONDBUTTON_DOWN, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_THIRDBUTTON_DOWN, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_FOURTHBUTTON_DOWN, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_FIFTHBUTTON_DOWN:
+			kind = pointer.Press
+		case windows.POINTER_CHANGE_FIRSTBUTTON_UP, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_SECONDBUTTON_UP, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_THIRDBUTTON_UP, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_FOURTHBUTTON_UP, windows.POINTER_CHANGE_FIFTHBUTTON_UP:
+			kind = pointer.Release
+		}
+
+		if (pi.PointerFlags&windows.POINTER_FLAG_CANCELED != 0) || (msg == windows.WM_POINTERCAPTURECHANGED) {
+			kind = pointer.Cancel
+		}
+
+		w.pointerUpdate(pi, pid, kind, lParam)
 	case windows.WM_CANCELMODE:
 		w.ProcessEvent(pointer.Event{
 			Kind: pointer.Cancel,
@@ -282,33 +315,22 @@ func windowProc(hwnd syscall.Handle, msg uint32, wParam, lParam uintptr) uintptr
 		np := windows.Point{X: int32(x), Y: int32(y)}
 		windows.ScreenToClient(w.hwnd, &np)
 		return w.hitTest(int(np.X), int(np.Y))
-	case windows.WM_MOUSEMOVE:
-		x, y := coordsFromlParam(lParam)
-		p := f32.Point{X: float32(x), Y: float32(y)}
-		w.ProcessEvent(pointer.Event{
-			Kind:      pointer.Move,
-			Source:    pointer.Mouse,
-			Position:  p,
-			Buttons:   w.pointerBtns,
-			Time:      windows.GetMessageTime(),
-			Modifiers: getModifiers(),
-		})
-	case windows.WM_MOUSEWHEEL:
+	case windows.WM_POINTERWHEEL:
 		w.scrollEvent(wParam, lParam, false, getModifiers())
-	case windows.WM_MOUSEHWHEEL:
+	case windows.WM_POINTERHWHEEL:
 		w.scrollEvent(wParam, lParam, true, getModifiers())
 	case windows.WM_DESTROY:
 		w.ProcessEvent(Win32ViewEvent{})
 		w.ProcessEvent(DestroyEvent{})
+		w.w = nil
 		if w.hdc != 0 {
 			windows.ReleaseDC(w.hdc)
 			w.hdc = 0
 		}
-		w.invMu.Lock()
 		// The system destroys the HWND for us.
 		w.hwnd = 0
-		w.invMu.Unlock()
 		windows.PostQuitMessage(0)
+		return 0
 	case windows.WM_NCCALCSIZE:
 		if w.config.Decorated {
 			// Let Windows handle decorations.
@@ -333,37 +355,31 @@ func windowProc(hwnd syscall.Handle, msg uint32, wParam, lParam uintptr) uintptr
 		return 0
 	case windows.WM_PAINT:
 		w.draw(true)
+	case windows.WM_STYLECHANGED:
+		w.update()
+	case windows.WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED:
+		w.update()
 	case windows.WM_SIZE:
 		w.update()
-		switch wParam {
-		case windows.SIZE_MINIMIZED:
-			w.config.Mode = Minimized
-		case windows.SIZE_MAXIMIZED:
-			w.config.Mode = Maximized
-		case windows.SIZE_RESTORED:
-			if w.config.Mode != Fullscreen {
-				w.config.Mode = Windowed
-			}
-		}
 	case windows.WM_GETMINMAXINFO:
 		mm := (*windows.MinMaxInfo)(unsafe.Pointer(lParam))
-		var bw, bh int32
+
+		var frameDims image.Point
 		if w.config.Decorated {
-			r := windows.GetWindowRect(w.hwnd)
-			cr := windows.GetClientRect(w.hwnd)
-			bw = r.Right - r.Left - (cr.Right - cr.Left)
-			bh = r.Bottom - r.Top - (cr.Bottom - cr.Top)
+			frameDims = w.frameDims
 		}
 		if p := w.config.MinSize; p.X > 0 || p.Y > 0 {
+			p = p.Add(frameDims)
 			mm.PtMinTrackSize = windows.Point{
-				X: int32(p.X) + bw,
-				Y: int32(p.Y) + bh,
+				X: int32(p.X),
+				Y: int32(p.Y),
 			}
 		}
 		if p := w.config.MaxSize; p.X > 0 || p.Y > 0 {
+			p = p.Add(frameDims)
 			mm.PtMaxTrackSize = windows.Point{
-				X: int32(p.X) + bw,
-				Y: int32(p.Y) + bh,
+				X: int32(p.X),
+				Y: int32(p.Y),
 			}
 		}
 		return 0
@@ -455,9 +471,6 @@ func getModifiers() key.Modifiers {
 // hitTest returns the non-client area hit by the point, needed to
 // process WM_NCHITTEST.
 func (w *window) hitTest(x, y int) uintptr {
-	if w.config.Mode == Fullscreen {
-		return windows.HTCLIENT
-	}
 	if w.config.Mode != Windowed {
 		// Only windowed mode should allow resizing.
 		return windows.HTCLIENT
@@ -494,34 +507,28 @@ func (w *window) hitTest(x, y int) uintptr {
 	return windows.HTCLIENT
 }
 
-func (w *window) pointerButton(btn pointer.Buttons, press bool, lParam uintptr, kmods key.Modifiers) {
+func (w *window) pointerUpdate(pi windows.PointerInfo, pid pointer.ID, kind pointer.Kind, lParam uintptr) {
 	if !w.config.Focused {
 		windows.SetFocus(w.hwnd)
 	}
 
-	var kind pointer.Kind
-	if press {
-		kind = pointer.Press
-		if w.pointerBtns == 0 {
-			windows.SetCapture(w.hwnd)
-		}
-		w.pointerBtns |= btn
-	} else {
-		kind = pointer.Release
-		w.pointerBtns &^= btn
-		if w.pointerBtns == 0 {
-			windows.ReleaseCapture()
-		}
+	src := pointer.Touch
+	if pi.PointerType == windows.PT_MOUSE {
+		src = pointer.Mouse
 	}
+
 	x, y := coordsFromlParam(lParam)
-	p := f32.Point{X: float32(x), Y: float32(y)}
+	np := windows.Point{X: int32(x), Y: int32(y)}
+	windows.ScreenToClient(w.hwnd, &np)
+	p := f32.Point{X: float32(np.X), Y: float32(np.Y)}
 	w.ProcessEvent(pointer.Event{
 		Kind:      kind,
-		Source:    pointer.Mouse,
+		Source:    src,
 		Position:  p,
-		Buttons:   w.pointerBtns,
+		PointerID: pid,
+		Buttons:   getPointerButtons(pi),
 		Time:      windows.GetMessageTime(),
-		Modifiers: kmods,
+		Modifiers: getModifiers(),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -532,6 +539,12 @@ func coordsFromlParam(lParam uintptr) (int, int) {
 }
 
 func (w *window) scrollEvent(wParam, lParam uintptr, horizontal bool, kmods key.Modifiers) {
+	pid := getPointerIDwParam(wParam)
+	pi, err := windows.GetPointerInfo(uint32(pid))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
 	x, y := coordsFromlParam(lParam)
 	// The WM_MOUSEWHEEL coordinates are in screen coordinates, in contrast
 	// to other mouse events.
@@ -554,7 +567,7 @@ func (w *window) scrollEvent(wParam, lParam uintptr, horizontal bool, kmods key.
 		Kind:      pointer.Scroll,
 		Source:    pointer.Mouse,
 		Position:  p,
-		Buttons:   w.pointerBtns,
+		Buttons:   getPointerButtons(pi),
 		Scroll:    sp,
 		Modifiers: kmods,
 		Time:      windows.GetMessageTime(),
@@ -567,7 +580,8 @@ func (w *window) runLoop() {
 loop:
 	for {
 		anim := w.animating
-		if anim && !windows.PeekMessage(msg, 0, 0, 0, windows.PM_NOREMOVE) {
+		p := windows.GetWindowPlacement(w.hwnd)
+		if anim && !p.IsMinimized() && !windows.PeekMessage(msg, 0, 0, 0, windows.PM_NOREMOVE) {
 			w.draw(false)
 			continue
 		}
@@ -620,13 +634,6 @@ func (w *window) Frame(frame *op.Ops) {
 }
 
 func (w *window) wakeup() {
-	w.invMu.Lock()
-	defer w.invMu.Unlock()
-	if w.hwnd == 0 {
-		w.loop.Wakeup()
-		w.loop.FlushEvents()
-		return
-	}
 	if err := windows.PostMessage(w.hwnd, _WM_WAKEUP, 0, 0); err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
@@ -697,8 +704,13 @@ func (w *window) readClipboard() error {
 func (w *window) Configure(options []Option) {
 	dpi := windows.GetSystemDPI()
 	metric := configForDPI(dpi)
-	w.config.apply(metric, options)
-	windows.SetWindowText(w.hwnd, w.config.Title)
+	cnf := w.config
+	cnf.apply(metric, options)
+	w.config.Title = cnf.Title
+	w.config.Decorated = cnf.Decorated
+	w.config.MinSize = cnf.MinSize
+	w.config.MaxSize = cnf.MaxSize
+	windows.SetWindowText(w.hwnd, cnf.Title)
 
 	style := windows.GetWindowLong(w.hwnd, windows.GWL_STYLE)
 	var showMode int32
@@ -706,7 +718,7 @@ func (w *window) Configure(options []Option) {
 	swpStyle := uintptr(windows.SWP_NOZORDER | windows.SWP_FRAMECHANGED)
 	winStyle := uintptr(windows.WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW)
 	style &^= winStyle
-	switch w.config.Mode {
+	switch cnf.Mode {
 	case Minimized:
 		style |= winStyle
 		swpStyle |= windows.SWP_NOMOVE | windows.SWP_NOSIZE
@@ -721,13 +733,13 @@ func (w *window) Configure(options []Option) {
 		style |= winStyle
 		showMode = windows.SW_SHOWNORMAL
 		// Get target for client area size.
-		width = int32(w.config.Size.X)
-		height = int32(w.config.Size.Y)
+		width = int32(cnf.Size.X)
+		height = int32(cnf.Size.Y)
 		// Get the current window size and position.
 		wr := windows.GetWindowRect(w.hwnd)
 		x = wr.Left
 		y = wr.Top
-		if w.config.Decorated {
+		if cnf.Decorated {
 			// Compute client size and position. Note that the client size is
 			// equal to the window size when we are in control of decorations.
 			r := windows.Rect{
@@ -737,25 +749,27 @@ func (w *window) Configure(options []Option) {
 			windows.AdjustWindowRectEx(&r, uint32(style), 0, dwExStyle)
 			width = r.Right - r.Left
 			height = r.Bottom - r.Top
-		}
-		if !w.config.Decorated {
+		} else {
 			// Enable drop shadows when we draw decorations.
 			windows.DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea(w.hwnd, windows.Margins{-1, -1, -1, -1})
 		}
 
 	case Fullscreen:
 		swpStyle |= windows.SWP_NOMOVE | windows.SWP_NOSIZE
-		mi := windows.GetMonitorInfo(w.hwnd)
-		x, y = mi.Monitor.Left, mi.Monitor.Top
-		width = mi.Monitor.Right - mi.Monitor.Left
-		height = mi.Monitor.Bottom - mi.Monitor.Top
 		showMode = windows.SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED
 	}
-	windows.SetWindowLong(w.hwnd, windows.GWL_STYLE, style)
-	windows.SetWindowPos(w.hwnd, 0, x, y, width, height, swpStyle)
-	windows.ShowWindow(w.hwnd, showMode)
 
-	w.update()
+	// Disable window resizing if MinSize and MaxSize are equal.
+	if cnf.MaxSize != (image.Point{}) && cnf.MinSize == cnf.MaxSize {
+		style &^= windows.WS_MAXIMIZEBOX
+		style &^= windows.WS_THICKFRAME
+	}
+
+	// Note: these invocation all trigger the windows callback method which may process a pending system.ActionCenter
+	// action, so SetWindowPos should come first so as to not "overwrite" system.ActionCenter.
+	windows.SetWindowPos(w.hwnd, 0, x, y, width, height, swpStyle)
+	windows.SetWindowLong(w.hwnd, windows.GWL_STYLE, style)
+	windows.ShowWindow(w.hwnd, showMode)
 }
 
 func (w *window) WriteClipboard(mime string, s []byte) {
@@ -993,3 +1007,48 @@ func configForDPI(dpi int) unit.Metric {
 
 func (Win32ViewEvent) implementsViewEvent() {}
 func (Win32ViewEvent) ImplementsEvent()     {}
+func (w Win32ViewEvent) Valid() bool {
+	return w != (Win32ViewEvent{})
+}
+
+// LOWORD (minwindef.h)
+func loWord(val uint32) uint16 {
+	return uint16(val & 0xFFFF)
+}
+
+// GET_POINTERID_WPARAM (winuser.h)
+func getPointerIDwParam(wParam uintptr) pointer.ID {
+	return pointer.ID(loWord(uint32(wParam)))
+}
+
+func getPointerButtons(pi windows.PointerInfo) pointer.Buttons {
+	var btns pointer.Buttons
+
+	if pi.PointerFlags&windows.POINTER_FLAG_FIRSTBUTTON != 0 {
+		btns |= pointer.ButtonPrimary
+	} else {
+		btns &^= pointer.ButtonPrimary
+	}
+	if pi.PointerFlags&windows.POINTER_FLAG_SECONDBUTTON != 0 {
+		btns |= pointer.ButtonSecondary
+	} else {
+		btns &^= pointer.ButtonSecondary
+	}
+	if pi.PointerFlags&windows.POINTER_FLAG_THIRDBUTTON != 0 {
+		btns |= pointer.ButtonTertiary
+	} else {
+		btns &^= pointer.ButtonTertiary
+	}
+	if pi.PointerFlags&windows.POINTER_FLAG_FOURTHBUTTON != 0 {
+		btns |= pointer.ButtonQuaternary
+	} else {
+		btns &^= pointer.ButtonQuaternary
+	}
+	if pi.PointerFlags&windows.POINTER_FLAG_FIFTHBUTTON != 0 {
+		btns |= pointer.ButtonQuinary
+	} else {
+		btns &^= pointer.ButtonQuinary
+	}
+
+	return btns
+}

app/os_x11.go

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ package app
 
 */
 import "C"
+
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -113,9 +114,6 @@ type x11Window struct {
 	wakeups chan struct{}
 	handler x11EventHandler
 	buf     [100]byte
-
-	// invMy avoids the race between destroy and Invalidate.
-	invMu sync.Mutex
 }
 
 var (
@@ -416,11 +414,6 @@ func (w *x11Window) Invalidate() {
 	case w.wakeups <- struct{}{}:
 	default:
 	}
-	w.invMu.Lock()
-	defer w.invMu.Unlock()
-	if w.x == nil {
-		return
-	}
 	if _, err := syscall.Write(w.notify.write, x11OneByte); err != nil && err != syscall.EAGAIN {
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to write to pipe: %v", err))
 	}
@@ -509,8 +502,6 @@ func (w *x11Window) dispatch() {
 }
 
 func (w *x11Window) destroy() {
-	w.invMu.Lock()
-	defer w.invMu.Unlock()
 	if w.notify.write != 0 {
 		syscall.Close(w.notify.write)
 		w.notify.write = 0
@@ -761,9 +752,7 @@ func (h *x11EventHandler) handleEvents() bool {
 	return redraw
 }
 
-var (
-	x11Threads sync.Once
-)
+var x11Threads sync.Once
 
 func init() {
 	x11Driver = newX11Window

app/vulkan.go

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func (c *vkContext) refresh(surf vk.Surface, width, height int) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	minExt, maxExt := caps.MinExtent(), caps.MaxExtent()
+	minExt, maxExt := vk.SurfaceCapabilitiesMinExtent(caps), vk.SurfaceCapabilitiesMaxExtent(caps)
 	if width < minExt.X || maxExt.X < width || height < minExt.Y || maxExt.Y < height {
 		return errOutOfDate
 	}

app/window.go

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"image"
 	"image/color"
-	"reflect"
 	"runtime"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ type Option func(unit.Metric, *Config)
 //
 // More than one Window is not supported on iOS, Android, WebAssembly.
 type Window struct {
-	initialOpts []Option
+	initialOpts    []Option
+	initialActions []system.Action
 
 	ctx context
 	gpu gpu.GPU
@@ -88,8 +89,14 @@ type Window struct {
 	}
 	imeState editorState
 	driver   driver
-	// basic is the driver interface that is needed even after the window is gone.
-	basic basicDriver
+	// gpuErr tracks the GPU error that is to be reported when
+	// the window is closed.
+	gpuErr error
+
+	// invMu protects mayInvalidate.
+	invMu         sync.Mutex
+	mayInvalidate bool
+
 	// coalesced tracks the most recent events waiting to be delivered
 	// to the client.
 	coalesced eventSummary
@@ -103,11 +110,12 @@ type Window struct {
 }
 
 type eventSummary struct {
-	wakeup  bool
-	cfg     *ConfigEvent
-	view    *ViewEvent
-	frame   *frameEvent
-	destroy *DestroyEvent
+	wakeup       bool
+	cfg          *ConfigEvent
+	view         *ViewEvent
+	frame        *frameEvent
+	framePending bool
+	destroy      *DestroyEvent
 }
 
 type callbacks struct {
@@ -134,8 +142,11 @@ func (w *Window) validateAndProcess(size image.Point, sync bool, frame *op.Ops,
 		if w.gpu == nil && !w.nocontext {
 			var err error
 			if w.ctx == nil {
-				w.ctx, err = w.driver.NewContext()
-				if err != nil {
+				if w.ctx, err = w.driver.NewContext(); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				if err = w.ctx.Lock(); err != nil {
+					w.destroyGPU()
 					return err
 				}
 				sync = true
@@ -155,12 +166,6 @@ func (w *Window) validateAndProcess(size image.Point, sync bool, frame *op.Ops,
 				return err
 			}
 		}
-		if w.ctx != nil {
-			if err := w.ctx.Lock(); err != nil {
-				w.destroyGPU()
-				return err
-			}
-		}
 		if w.gpu == nil && !w.nocontext {
 			gpu, err := gpu.New(w.ctx.API())
 			if err != nil {
@@ -192,7 +197,6 @@ func (w *Window) validateAndProcess(size image.Point, sync bool, frame *op.Ops,
 		var err error
 		if w.gpu != nil {
 			err = w.ctx.Present()
-			w.ctx.Unlock()
 		}
 		return err
 	}
@@ -214,6 +218,7 @@ func (w *Window) frame(frame *op.Ops, viewport image.Point) error {
 }
 
 func (w *Window) processFrame(frame *op.Ops, ack chan<- struct{}) {
+	w.coalesced.framePending = false
 	wrapper := &w.decorations.Ops
 	off := op.Offset(w.lastFrame.off).Push(wrapper)
 	ops.AddCall(&wrapper.Internal, &frame.Internal, ops.PC{}, ops.PCFor(&frame.Internal))
@@ -221,7 +226,8 @@ func (w *Window) processFrame(frame *op.Ops, ack chan<- struct{}) {
 	w.lastFrame.deco.Add(wrapper)
 	if err := w.validateAndProcess(w.lastFrame.size, w.lastFrame.sync, wrapper, ack); err != nil {
 		w.destroyGPU()
-		w.driver.ProcessEvent(DestroyEvent{Err: err})
+		w.gpuErr = err
+		w.driver.Perform(system.ActionClose)
 		return
 	}
 	w.updateState()
@@ -271,8 +277,11 @@ func (w *Window) updateState() {
 //
 // Invalidate is safe for concurrent use.
 func (w *Window) Invalidate() {
-	if w.basic != nil {
-		w.basic.Invalidate()
+	w.invMu.Lock()
+	defer w.invMu.Unlock()
+	if w.mayInvalidate {
+		w.mayInvalidate = false
+		w.driver.Invalidate()
 	}
 }
 
@@ -282,7 +291,7 @@ func (w *Window) Option(opts ...Option) {
 	if len(opts) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
-	if w.basic == nil {
+	if w.driver == nil {
 		w.initialOpts = append(w.initialOpts, opts...)
 		return
 	}
@@ -377,11 +386,13 @@ func (w *Window) setNextFrame(at time.Time) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *callbacks) SetDriver(d basicDriver) {
-	c.w.basic = d
-	if d, ok := d.(driver); ok {
-		c.w.driver = d
+func (c *callbacks) SetDriver(d driver) {
+	if d == nil {
+		panic("nil driver")
 	}
+	c.w.invMu.Lock()
+	defer c.w.invMu.Unlock()
+	c.w.driver = d
 }
 
 func (c *callbacks) ProcessFrame(frame *op.Ops, ack chan<- struct{}) {
@@ -429,10 +440,7 @@ func (c *callbacks) SetComposingRegion(r key.Range) {
 func (c *callbacks) EditorInsert(text string) {
 	sel := c.w.imeState.Selection.Range
 	c.EditorReplace(sel, text)
-	start := sel.Start
-	if sel.End < start {
-		start = sel.End
-	}
+	start := min(sel.End, sel.Start)
 	sel.Start = start + utf8.RuneCountInString(text)
 	sel.End = sel.Start
 	c.SetEditorSelection(sel)
@@ -548,10 +556,20 @@ func (c *callbacks) Invalidate() {
 }
 
 func (c *callbacks) nextEvent() (event.Event, bool) {
-	s := &c.w.coalesced
-	// Every event counts as a wakeup.
-	defer func() { s.wakeup = false }()
+	return c.w.nextEvent()
+}
+
+func (w *Window) nextEvent() (event.Event, bool) {
+	s := &w.coalesced
+	defer func() {
+		// Every event counts as a wakeup.
+		s.wakeup = false
+	}()
 	switch {
+	case s.framePending:
+		// If the user didn't call FrameEvent.Event, process
+		// an empty frame.
+		w.processFrame(new(op.Ops), nil)
 	case s.view != nil:
 		e := *s.view
 		s.view = nil
@@ -568,10 +586,14 @@ func (c *callbacks) nextEvent() (event.Event, bool) {
 	case s.frame != nil:
 		e := *s.frame
 		s.frame = nil
+		s.framePending = true
 		return e.FrameEvent, true
 	case s.wakeup:
 		return wakeupEvent{}, true
 	}
+	w.invMu.Lock()
+	defer w.invMu.Unlock()
+	w.mayInvalidate = w.driver != nil
 	return nil, false
 }
 
@@ -614,15 +636,21 @@ func (w *Window) processEvent(e event.Event) bool {
 		e2.Size = e2.Size.Sub(offset)
 		w.coalesced.frame = &e2
 	case DestroyEvent:
+		if w.gpuErr != nil {
+			e2.Err = w.gpuErr
+		}
 		w.destroyGPU()
+		w.invMu.Lock()
+		w.mayInvalidate = false
 		w.driver = nil
+		w.invMu.Unlock()
 		if q := w.timer.quit; q != nil {
 			q <- struct{}{}
 			<-q
 		}
 		w.coalesced.destroy = &e2
 	case ViewEvent:
-		if reflect.ValueOf(e2).IsZero() && w.gpu != nil {
+		if !e2.Valid() && w.gpu != nil {
 			w.ctx.Lock()
 			w.gpu.Release()
 			w.gpu = nil
@@ -630,6 +658,7 @@ func (w *Window) processEvent(e event.Event) bool {
 		}
 		w.coalesced.view = &e2
 	case ConfigEvent:
+		w.decorations.Decorations.Maximized = e2.Config.Mode == Maximized
 		wasFocused := w.decorations.Config.Focused
 		w.decorations.Config = e2.Config
 		e2.Config = w.effectiveConfig()
@@ -686,10 +715,17 @@ func (w *Window) processEvent(e event.Event) bool {
 // [FrameEvent], or until [Invalidate] is called. The window is created
 // and shown the first time Event is called.
 func (w *Window) Event() event.Event {
-	if w.basic == nil {
+	if w.driver == nil {
 		w.init()
 	}
-	return w.basic.Event()
+	if w.driver == nil {
+		e, ok := w.nextEvent()
+		if !ok {
+			panic("window initialization failed without a DestroyEvent")
+		}
+		return e
+	}
+	return w.driver.Event()
 }
 
 func (w *Window) init() {
@@ -727,6 +763,10 @@ func (w *Window) init() {
 	w.imeState.compose = key.Range{Start: -1, End: -1}
 	w.semantic.ids = make(map[input.SemanticID]input.SemanticNode)
 	newWindow(&callbacks{w}, options)
+	for _, acts := range w.initialActions {
+		w.Perform(acts)
+	}
+	w.initialActions = nil
 }
 
 func (w *Window) updateCursor() {
@@ -764,7 +804,6 @@ func (w *Window) decorate(e FrameEvent, o *op.Ops) image.Point {
 	default:
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("unknown WindowMode %v", m))
 	}
-	deco.Perform(actions)
 	gtx := layout.Context{
 		Ops:         o,
 		Now:         e.Now,
@@ -826,6 +865,10 @@ func (w *Window) Perform(actions system.Action) {
 	if acts == 0 {
 		return
 	}
+	if w.driver == nil {
+		w.initialActions = append(w.initialActions, acts)
+		return
+	}
 	w.Run(func() {
 		w.driver.Perform(actions)
 	})

f32/affine.go

@@ -30,6 +30,15 @@ func NewAffine2D(sx, hx, ox, hy, sy, oy float32) Affine2D {
 	}
 }
 
+// AffineId returns an identity transformation matrix that represents no transformation
+// when applied.
+func AffineId() Affine2D {
+	return NewAffine2D(
+		1, 0, 0,
+		0, 1, 0,
+	)
+}
+
 // Offset the transformation.
 func (a Affine2D) Offset(offset Point) Affine2D {
 	return Affine2D{
@@ -114,7 +123,7 @@ func (a Affine2D) Elems() (sx, hx, ox, hy, sy, oy float32) {
 
 // Split a transform into two parts, one which is pure offset and the
 // other representing the scaling, shearing and rotation part.
-func (a *Affine2D) Split() (srs Affine2D, offset Point) {
+func (a Affine2D) Split() (srs Affine2D, offset Point) {
 	return Affine2D{
 		a: a.a, b: a.b, c: 0,
 		d: a.d, e: a.e, f: 0,

f32/affine_test.go

@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ func TestTransformOffset(t *testing.T) {
 	p := Point{X: 1, Y: 2}
 	o := Point{X: 2, Y: -3}
 
-	r := Affine2D{}.Offset(o).Transform(p)
+	r := AffineId().Offset(o).Transform(p)
 	if !eq(r, Pt(3, -1)) {
 		t.Errorf("offset transformation mismatch: have %v, want {3 -1}", r)
 	}
-	i := Affine2D{}.Offset(o).Invert().Transform(r)
+	i := AffineId().Offset(o).Invert().Transform(r)
 	if !eq(i, p) {
 		t.Errorf("offset transformation inverse mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, p)
 	}
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ func TestString(t *testing.T) {
 		}, {
 			in:  NewAffine2D(29.142342, 31.4123412, 37.53152, 43.51324213, 47.123412, 53.14312342),
 			exp: "[[29.1423 31.4123 37.5315] [43.5132 47.1234 53.1431]]",
+		}, {
+			in:  AffineId(),
+			exp: "[[1 0 0] [0 1 0]]",
 		},
 	}
 	for _, test := range tests {
@@ -64,11 +67,11 @@ func TestTransformScale(t *testing.T) {
 	p := Point{X: 1, Y: 2}
 	s := Point{X: -1, Y: 2}
 
-	r := Affine2D{}.Scale(Point{}, s).Transform(p)
+	r := AffineId().Scale(Point{}, s).Transform(p)
 	if !eq(r, Pt(-1, 4)) {
 		t.Errorf("scale transformation mismatch: have %v, want {-1 4}", r)
 	}
-	i := Affine2D{}.Scale(Point{}, s).Invert().Transform(r)
+	i := AffineId().Scale(Point{}, s).Invert().Transform(r)
 	if !eq(i, p) {
 		t.Errorf("scale transformation inverse mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, p)
 	}
@@ -78,11 +81,11 @@ func TestTransformRotate(t *testing.T) {
 	p := Point{X: 1, Y: 0}
 	a := float32(math.Pi / 2)
 
-	r := Affine2D{}.Rotate(Point{}, a).Transform(p)
+	r := AffineId().Rotate(Point{}, a).Transform(p)
 	if !eq(r, Pt(0, 1)) {
 		t.Errorf("rotate transformation mismatch: have %v, want {0 1}", r)
 	}
-	i := Affine2D{}.Rotate(Point{}, a).Invert().Transform(r)
+	i := AffineId().Rotate(Point{}, a).Invert().Transform(r)
 	if !eq(i, p) {
 		t.Errorf("rotate transformation inverse mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, p)
 	}
@@ -91,11 +94,11 @@ func TestTransformRotate(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTransformShear(t *testing.T) {
 	p := Point{X: 1, Y: 1}
 
-	r := Affine2D{}.Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Transform(p)
+	r := AffineId().Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Transform(p)
 	if !eq(r, Pt(2, 1)) {
 		t.Errorf("shear transformation mismatch: have %v, want {2 1}", r)
 	}
-	i := Affine2D{}.Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Invert().Transform(r)
+	i := AffineId().Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Invert().Transform(r)
 	if !eq(i, p) {
 		t.Errorf("shear transformation inverse mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, p)
 	}
@@ -107,11 +110,11 @@ func TestTransformMultiply(t *testing.T) {
 	s := Point{X: -1, Y: 2}
 	a := float32(-math.Pi / 2)
 
-	r := Affine2D{}.Offset(o).Scale(Point{}, s).Rotate(Point{}, a).Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Transform(p)
+	r := AffineId().Offset(o).Scale(Point{}, s).Rotate(Point{}, a).Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Transform(p)
 	if !eq(r, Pt(1, 3)) {
 		t.Errorf("complex transformation mismatch: have %v, want {1 3}", r)
 	}
-	i := Affine2D{}.Offset(o).Scale(Point{}, s).Rotate(Point{}, a).Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Invert().Transform(r)
+	i := AffineId().Offset(o).Scale(Point{}, s).Rotate(Point{}, a).Shear(Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0).Invert().Transform(r)
 	if !eq(i, p) {
 		t.Errorf("complex transformation inverse mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, p)
 	}
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ func TestPrimes(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTransformScaleAround(t *testing.T) {
 	p := Pt(-1, -1)
 	target := Pt(-6, -13)
-	pt := Affine2D{}.Scale(Pt(4, 5), Pt(2, 3)).Transform(p)
+	pt := AffineId().Scale(Pt(4, 5), Pt(2, 3)).Transform(p)
 	if !eq(pt, target) {
 		t.Log(pt, "!=", target)
 		t.Error("Scale not as expected")
@@ -172,7 +175,7 @@ func TestTransformScaleAround(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestTransformRotateAround(t *testing.T) {
 	p := Pt(-1, -1)
-	pt := Affine2D{}.Rotate(Pt(1, 1), -math.Pi/2).Transform(p)
+	pt := AffineId().Rotate(Pt(1, 1), -math.Pi/2).Transform(p)
 	target := Pt(-1, 3)
 	if !eq(pt, target) {
 		t.Log(pt, "!=", target)
@@ -181,12 +184,12 @@ func TestTransformRotateAround(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestMulOrder(t *testing.T) {
-	A := Affine2D{}.Offset(Pt(100, 100))
-	B := Affine2D{}.Scale(Point{}, Pt(2, 2))
+	A := AffineId().Offset(Pt(100, 100))
+	B := AffineId().Scale(Point{}, Pt(2, 2))
 	_ = A
 	_ = B
 
-	T1 := Affine2D{}.Offset(Pt(100, 100)).Scale(Point{}, Pt(2, 2))
+	T1 := AffineId().Offset(Pt(100, 100)).Scale(Point{}, Pt(2, 2))
 	T2 := B.Mul(A)
 
 	if T1 != T2 {
@@ -199,9 +202,9 @@ func TestMulOrder(t *testing.T) {
 func BenchmarkTransformOffset(b *testing.B) {
 	p := Point{X: 1, Y: 2}
 	o := Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5}
-	aff := Affine2D{}.Offset(o)
+	aff := AffineId().Offset(o)
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		p = aff.Transform(p)
 	}
 	_ = p
@@ -210,8 +213,8 @@ func BenchmarkTransformOffset(b *testing.B) {
 func BenchmarkTransformScale(b *testing.B) {
 	p := Point{X: 1, Y: 2}
 	s := Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5}
-	aff := Affine2D{}.Scale(Point{}, s)
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	aff := AffineId().Scale(Point{}, s)
+	for b.Loop() {
 		p = aff.Transform(p)
 	}
 	_ = p
@@ -220,36 +223,163 @@ func BenchmarkTransformScale(b *testing.B) {
 func BenchmarkTransformRotate(b *testing.B) {
 	p := Point{X: 1, Y: 2}
 	a := float32(math.Pi / 2)
-	aff := Affine2D{}.Rotate(Point{}, a)
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	aff := AffineId().Rotate(Point{}, a)
+	for b.Loop() {
 		p = aff.Transform(p)
 	}
 	_ = p
 }
 
 func BenchmarkTransformTranslateMultiply(b *testing.B) {
-	a := Affine2D{}.Offset(Point{X: 1, Y: 1}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/3)
-	t := Affine2D{}.Offset(Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5})
+	a := AffineId().Offset(Point{X: 1, Y: 1}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/3)
+	t := AffineId().Offset(Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5})
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		a = a.Mul(t)
 	}
 }
 
 func BenchmarkTransformScaleMultiply(b *testing.B) {
-	a := Affine2D{}.Offset(Point{X: 1, Y: 1}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/3)
-	t := Affine2D{}.Offset(Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5}).Scale(Point{}, Point{X: 0.4, Y: -0.5})
+	a := AffineId().Offset(Point{X: 1, Y: 1}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/3)
+	t := AffineId().Offset(Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5}).Scale(Point{}, Point{X: 0.4, Y: -0.5})
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		a = a.Mul(t)
 	}
 }
 
 func BenchmarkTransformMultiply(b *testing.B) {
-	a := Affine2D{}.Offset(Point{X: 1, Y: 1}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/3)
-	t := Affine2D{}.Offset(Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/7)
+	a := AffineId().Offset(Point{X: 1, Y: 1}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/3)
+	t := AffineId().Offset(Point{X: 0.5, Y: 0.5}).Rotate(Point{}, math.Pi/7)
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		a = a.Mul(t)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestNewAffine2D(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		sx, hx, ox, hy, sy, oy float32
+		expected               Affine2D
+	}{
+		{1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, AffineId()},
+		{2, 0, 5, 0, 3, 7, Affine2D{a: 1, b: 0, c: 5, d: 0, e: 2, f: 7}},
+		{-1, 2, 3, 4, -5, 6, Affine2D{a: -2, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4, e: -6, f: 6}},
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		got := NewAffine2D(test.sx, test.hx, test.ox, test.hy, test.sy, test.oy)
+		if !eqaff(got, test.expected) {
+			t.Errorf(
+				"Test %d: NewAffine2D(%v, %v, %v, %v, %v, %v) = %v, want %v",
+				i, test.sx, test.hx, test.ox, test.hy, test.sy, test.oy, got, test.expected,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffineId(t *testing.T) {
+	id := AffineId()
+
+	testPoints := []Point{
+		{0, 0},
+		{1, 0},
+		{0, 1},
+		{-1, -1},
+		{10, 20},
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range testPoints {
+		transformed := id.Transform(p)
+		if !eq(transformed, p) {
+			t.Errorf("Identity transform changed point: %v -> %v", p, transformed)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestElems(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		aff                    Affine2D
+		sx, hx, ox, hy, sy, oy float32
+	}{
+		{AffineId(), 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
+		{Affine2D{a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4, e: 5, f: 6}, 2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 6},
+		{NewAffine2D(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12), 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12},
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		sx, hx, ox, hy, sy, oy := test.aff.Elems()
+		if sx != test.sx || hx != test.hx || ox != test.ox ||
+			hy != test.hy || sy != test.sy || oy != test.oy {
+			t.Errorf(
+				"Test %d: %v.Elems() = (%v, %v, %v, %v, %v, %v), want (%v, %v, %v, %v, %v, %v)",
+				i, test.aff, sx, hx, ox, hy, sy, oy, test.sx, test.hx, test.ox, test.hy, test.sy, test.oy,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSplit(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		aff            Affine2D
+		expectedSRS    Affine2D
+		expectedOffset Point
+	}{
+		{
+			AffineId(),
+			AffineId(),
+			Point{0, 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Affine2D{a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4, e: 5, f: 6},
+			Affine2D{a: 1, b: 2, c: 0, d: 4, e: 5, f: 0},
+			Point{3, 6},
+		},
+		{
+			NewAffine2D(2, 0, 10, 0, 3, 20),
+			NewAffine2D(2, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0),
+			Point{10, 20},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		srs, offset := test.aff.Split()
+		if !eqaff(srs, test.expectedSRS) || !eq(offset, test.expectedOffset) {
+			t.Errorf(
+				"Test %d: %v.Split() = (%v, %v), want (%v, %v)",
+				i, test.aff, srs, offset, test.expectedSRS, test.expectedOffset,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShear(t *testing.T) {
+	p := Pt(2, 3)
+	origin := Pt(1, 1)
+
+	shearX := AffineId().Shear(origin, math.Pi/4, 0)
+	resultX := shearX.Transform(p)
+	expectedX := Pt(4, 3)
+
+	if !eq(resultX, expectedX) {
+		t.Errorf("Shear around origin in X: got %v, want %v", resultX, expectedX)
+	}
+
+	inverseX := shearX.Invert().Transform(resultX)
+	if !eq(inverseX, p) {
+		t.Errorf("Inverse shear X: got %v, want %v", inverseX, p)
+	}
+
+	shearY := AffineId().Shear(origin, 0, math.Pi/4)
+	resultY := shearY.Transform(p)
+	expectedY := Pt(2, 4)
+
+	if !eq(resultY, expectedY) {
+		t.Errorf("Shear around origin in Y: got %v, want %v", resultY, expectedY)
+	}
+
+	inverseY := shearY.Invert().Transform(resultY)
+	if !eq(inverseY, p) {
+		t.Errorf("Inverse shear Y: got %v, want %v", inverseY, p)
+	}
+}

flake.lock

@@ -1,87 +1,25 @@
 {
   "nodes": {
-    "android": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "devshell": "devshell",
-        "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
-        "nixpkgs": [
-          "nixpkgs"
-        ]
-      },
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1701721028,
-        "narHash": "sha256-2z4YrdHPLoMZNWR1MPOjNZMqPg057i1eZXaYI6RTahQ=",
-        "owner": "tadfisher",
-        "repo": "android-nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "c923f9ec0f4dd0d7dc725dc5b73fbf03658e50dd",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "tadfisher",
-        "repo": "android-nixpkgs",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
-    "devshell": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "nixpkgs": [
-          "android",
-          "nixpkgs"
-        ],
-        "systems": "systems"
-      },
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1701697687,
-        "narHash": "sha256-dLLE5wQBVv+pIb4bWmKFSw2DvLVyuEk0F7ng6hpZPSU=",
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "devshell",
-        "rev": "c3bd77911391eb1638af6ce773de86da57ee6df5",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "devshell",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
-    "flake-utils": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "systems": "systems_2"
-      },
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1701680307,
-        "narHash": "sha256-kAuep2h5ajznlPMD9rnQyffWG8EM/C73lejGofXvdM8=",
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "4022d587cbbfd70fe950c1e2083a02621806a725",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1701282334,
-        "narHash": "sha256-MxCVrXY6v4QmfTwIysjjaX0XUhqBbxTWWB4HXtDYsdk=",
+        "lastModified": 1747953325,
+        "narHash": "sha256-y2ZtlIlNTuVJUZCqzZAhIw5rrKP4DOSklev6c8PyCkQ=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "057f9aecfb71c4437d2b27d3323df7f93c010b7e",
+        "rev": "55d1f923c480dadce40f5231feb472e81b0bab48",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
         "owner": "NixOS",
-        "ref": "23.11",
+        "ref": "nixos-25.05",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
     "root": {
       "inputs": {
-        "android": "android",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
+        "utils": "utils"
       }
     },
     "systems": {
@@ -99,18 +37,21 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
-    "systems_2": {
+    "utils": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "systems": "systems"
+      },
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1681028828,
-        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
-        "owner": "nix-systems",
-        "repo": "default",
-        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
+        "lastModified": 1731533236,
+        "narHash": "sha256-l0KFg5HjrsfsO/JpG+r7fRrqm12kzFHyUHqHCVpMMbI=",
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "rev": "11707dc2f618dd54ca8739b309ec4fc024de578b",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
-        "owner": "nix-systems",
-        "repo": "default",
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
         "type": "github"
       }
     }

flake.nix

@@ -3,42 +3,38 @@
   description = "Gio build environment";
 
   inputs = {
-    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/23.11";
-    android.url = "github:tadfisher/android-nixpkgs";
-    android.inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-25.05";
+    utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
   };
 
-  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, android }:
-    let
-      supportedSystems = [ "x86_64-linux" "x86_64-darwin" "aarch64-darwin" ];
-      forAllSystems = f: nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs supportedSystems (system: f system);
-    in
-    {
-      devShells = forAllSystems
-        (system:
-          let
-            pkgs = import nixpkgs {
-              inherit system;
+  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, utils }:
+    utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
+      let
+        pkgs = import nixpkgs {
+          inherit system;
+
+          # allow unfree Android packages.
+          config.allowUnfree = true;
+          # accept the Android SDK license.
+          config.android_sdk.accept_license = true; 
+        };
+      in {
+        devShells = let
+          android-sdk = let
+            androidComposition = pkgs.androidenv.composeAndroidPackages {
+              platformVersions = [ "latest" ];
+              abiVersions = [ "armeabi-v7a" "arm64-v8a" ];
+               # Omit the deprecated tools package.
+              toolsVersion = null;
+              includeNDK = true;
             };
-            android-sdk = android.sdk.${system} (sdkPkgs: with sdkPkgs;
-              [
-                build-tools-31-0-0
-                cmdline-tools-latest
-                platform-tools
-                platforms-android-31
-                ndk-bundle
-              ]);
-          in
-          {
-            default = with pkgs; mkShell
-              ({
-                ANDROID_SDK_ROOT = "${android-sdk}/share/android-sdk";
-                JAVA_HOME = jdk17.home;
-                packages = [
-                  android-sdk
-                  jdk17
-                  clang
-                ] ++ (if stdenv.isLinux then [
+          in androidComposition.androidsdk;
+        in {
+          default = with pkgs;
+            mkShell (rec {
+              ANDROID_HOME = "${android-sdk}/libexec/android-sdk";
+              packages = [ android-sdk jdk clang ]
+                ++ (if stdenv.isLinux then [
                   vulkan-headers
                   libxkbcommon
                   wayland
@@ -47,17 +43,12 @@
                   xorg.libXfixes
                   libGL
                   pkg-config
-                ] else if stdenv.isDarwin then [
-                  darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.frameworks.Foundation
-                  darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.frameworks.Metal
-                  darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.frameworks.QuartzCore
-                  darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.frameworks.AppKit
-                  darwin.apple_sdk_11_0.MacOSX-SDK
-                ] else [ ]);
-              } // (if stdenv.isLinux then {
-                LD_LIBRARY_PATH = "${vulkan-loader}/lib";
-              } else { }));
-          }
-        );
-    };
+                ] else
+                  [ ]);
+            } // (if stdenv.isLinux then {
+              LD_LIBRARY_PATH = "${vulkan-loader}/lib";
+            } else
+              { }));
+        };
+      });
 }

font/font.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ type Font struct {
 // Face is an opaque handle to a typeface. The concrete implementation depends
 // upon the kind of font and shaper in use.
 type Face interface {
-	Face() font.Face
+	Face() *font.Face
 }
 
 // Typeface identifies a list of font families to attempt to use for displaying

font/opentype/opentype.go

@@ -16,23 +16,21 @@ import (
 	_ "image/png"
 
 	giofont "gioui.org/font"
-	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/font"
-	fontapi "github.com/go-text/typesetting/opentype/api/font"
-	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/opentype/api/metadata"
-	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/opentype/loader"
+	fontapi "github.com/go-text/typesetting/font"
+	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/font/opentype"
 )
 
 // Face is a thread-safe representation of a loaded font. For efficiency, applications
 // should construct a face for any given font file once, reusing it across different
 // text shapers.
 type Face struct {
-	face font.Font
+	face *fontapi.Font
 	font giofont.Font
 }
 
 // Parse constructs a Face from source bytes.
 func Parse(src []byte) (Face, error) {
-	ld, err := loader.NewLoader(bytes.NewReader(src))
+	ld, err := opentype.NewLoader(bytes.NewReader(src))
 	if err != nil {
 		return Face{}, err
 	}
@@ -49,11 +47,11 @@ func Parse(src []byte) (Face, error) {
 // ParseCollection parse an Opentype font file, with support for collections.
 // Single font files are supported, returning a slice with length 1.
 // The returned fonts are automatically wrapped in a text.FontFace with
-// inferred font metadata.
+// inferred font font.
 // BUG(whereswaldon): the only Variant that can be detected automatically is
 // "Mono".
 func ParseCollection(src []byte) ([]giofont.FontFace, error) {
-	lds, err := loader.NewLoaders(bytes.NewReader(src))
+	lds, err := opentype.NewLoaders(bytes.NewReader(src))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -76,7 +74,7 @@ func ParseCollection(src []byte) ([]giofont.FontFace, error) {
 	return out, nil
 }
 
-func DescriptionToFont(md metadata.Description) giofont.Font {
+func DescriptionToFont(md fontapi.Description) giofont.Font {
 	return giofont.Font{
 		Typeface: giofont.Typeface(md.Family),
 		Style:    gioStyle(md.Aspect.Style),
@@ -84,30 +82,30 @@ func DescriptionToFont(md metadata.Description) giofont.Font {
 	}
 }
 
-func FontToDescription(font giofont.Font) metadata.Description {
-	return metadata.Description{
+func FontToDescription(font giofont.Font) fontapi.Description {
+	return fontapi.Description{
 		Family: string(font.Typeface),
-		Aspect: metadata.Aspect{
+		Aspect: fontapi.Aspect{
 			Style:  mdStyle(font.Style),
 			Weight: mdWeight(font.Weight),
 		},
 	}
 }
 
-// parseLoader parses the contents of the loader into a face and its metadata.
-func parseLoader(ld *loader.Loader) (font.Font, giofont.Font, error) {
+// parseLoader parses the contents of the loader into a face and its font.
+func parseLoader(ld *opentype.Loader) (*fontapi.Font, giofont.Font, error) {
 	ft, err := fontapi.NewFont(ld)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, giofont.Font{}, err
 	}
-	data := DescriptionToFont(metadata.Metadata(ld))
+	data := DescriptionToFont(ft.Describe())
 	return ft, data, nil
 }
 
 // Face returns a thread-unsafe wrapper for this Face suitable for use by a single shaper.
 // Face many be invoked any number of times and is safe so long as each return value is
 // only used by one goroutine.
-func (f Face) Face() font.Face {
+func (f Face) Face() *fontapi.Face {
 	return &fontapi.Face{Font: f.face}
 }
 
@@ -119,74 +117,74 @@ func (f Face) Font() giofont.Font {
 	return f.font
 }
 
-func gioStyle(s metadata.Style) giofont.Style {
+func gioStyle(s fontapi.Style) giofont.Style {
 	switch s {
-	case metadata.StyleItalic:
+	case fontapi.StyleItalic:
 		return giofont.Italic
-	case metadata.StyleNormal:
+	case fontapi.StyleNormal:
 		fallthrough
 	default:
 		return giofont.Regular
 	}
 }
 
-func mdStyle(g giofont.Style) metadata.Style {
+func mdStyle(g giofont.Style) fontapi.Style {
 	switch g {
 	case giofont.Italic:
-		return metadata.StyleItalic
+		return fontapi.StyleItalic
 	case giofont.Regular:
 		fallthrough
 	default:
-		return metadata.StyleNormal
+		return fontapi.StyleNormal
 	}
 }
 
-func gioWeight(w metadata.Weight) giofont.Weight {
+func gioWeight(w fontapi.Weight) giofont.Weight {
 	switch w {
-	case metadata.WeightThin:
+	case fontapi.WeightThin:
 		return giofont.Thin
-	case metadata.WeightExtraLight:
+	case fontapi.WeightExtraLight:
 		return giofont.ExtraLight
-	case metadata.WeightLight:
+	case fontapi.WeightLight:
 		return giofont.Light
-	case metadata.WeightNormal:
+	case fontapi.WeightNormal:
 		return giofont.Normal
-	case metadata.WeightMedium:
+	case fontapi.WeightMedium:
 		return giofont.Medium
-	case metadata.WeightSemibold:
+	case fontapi.WeightSemibold:
 		return giofont.SemiBold
-	case metadata.WeightBold:
+	case fontapi.WeightBold:
 		return giofont.Bold
-	case metadata.WeightExtraBold:
+	case fontapi.WeightExtraBold:
 		return giofont.ExtraBold
-	case metadata.WeightBlack:
+	case fontapi.WeightBlack:
 		return giofont.Black
 	default:
 		return giofont.Normal
 	}
 }
 
-func mdWeight(g giofont.Weight) metadata.Weight {
+func mdWeight(g giofont.Weight) fontapi.Weight {
 	switch g {
 	case giofont.Thin:
-		return metadata.WeightThin
+		return fontapi.WeightThin
 	case giofont.ExtraLight:
-		return metadata.WeightExtraLight
+		return fontapi.WeightExtraLight
 	case giofont.Light:
-		return metadata.WeightLight
+		return fontapi.WeightLight
 	case giofont.Normal:
-		return metadata.WeightNormal
+		return fontapi.WeightNormal
 	case giofont.Medium:
-		return metadata.WeightMedium
+		return fontapi.WeightMedium
 	case giofont.SemiBold:
-		return metadata.WeightSemibold
+		return fontapi.WeightSemibold
 	case giofont.Bold:
-		return metadata.WeightBold
+		return fontapi.WeightBold
 	case giofont.ExtraBold:
-		return metadata.WeightExtraBold
+		return fontapi.WeightExtraBold
 	case giofont.Black:
-		return metadata.WeightBlack
+		return fontapi.WeightBlack
 	default:
-		return metadata.WeightNormal
+		return fontapi.WeightNormal
 	}
 }

gesture/gesture.go

@@ -322,6 +322,8 @@ func (s *Scroll) Update(cfg unit.Metric, q input.Source, t time.Time, axis Axis,
 				s.scroll += e.Scroll.X
 			case Vertical:
 				s.scroll += e.Scroll.Y
+			case Both:
+				s.scroll += e.Scroll.X + e.Scroll.Y
 			}
 			iscroll := int(s.scroll)
 			s.scroll -= float32(iscroll)
@@ -353,10 +355,15 @@ func (s *Scroll) Update(cfg unit.Metric, q input.Source, t time.Time, axis Axis,
 }
 
 func (s *Scroll) val(axis Axis, p f32.Point) float32 {
-	if axis == Horizontal {
+	switch axis {
+	case Horizontal:
 		return p.X
-	} else {
+	case Vertical:
 		return p.Y
+	case Both:
+		return p.X + p.Y
+	default:
+		return 0
 	}
 }
 

go.mod

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 module gioui.org
 
-go 1.21
+go 1.23.8
 
 require (
 	eliasnaur.com/font v0.0.0-20230308162249-dd43949cb42d
-	gioui.org/cpu v0.0.0-20210817075930-8d6a761490d2
 	gioui.org/shader v1.0.8
-	github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.1.1
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221012211006-4de253d81b95
-	golang.org/x/exp/shiny v0.0.0-20220827204233-334a2380cb91
-	golang.org/x/image v0.5.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0
+	github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.3.0
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0
+	golang.org/x/exp/shiny v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0
+	golang.org/x/image v0.26.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.33.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.24.0
 )
-
-require golang.org/x/text v0.9.0

go.sum

@@ -1,45 +1,19 @@
 eliasnaur.com/font v0.0.0-20230308162249-dd43949cb42d h1:ARo7NCVvN2NdhLlJE9xAbKweuI9L6UgfTbYb0YwPacY=
 eliasnaur.com/font v0.0.0-20230308162249-dd43949cb42d/go.mod h1:OYVuxibdk9OSLX8vAqydtRPP87PyTFcT9uH3MlEGBQA=
 gioui.org/cpu v0.0.0-20210808092351-bfe733dd3334/go.mod h1:A8M0Cn5o+vY5LTMlnRoK3O5kG+rH0kWfJjeKd9QpBmQ=
-gioui.org/cpu v0.0.0-20210817075930-8d6a761490d2 h1:AGDDxsJE1RpcXTAxPG2B4jrwVUJGFDjINIPi1jtO6pc=
-gioui.org/cpu v0.0.0-20210817075930-8d6a761490d2/go.mod h1:A8M0Cn5o+vY5LTMlnRoK3O5kG+rH0kWfJjeKd9QpBmQ=
 gioui.org/shader v1.0.8 h1:6ks0o/A+b0ne7RzEqRZK5f4Gboz2CfG+mVliciy6+qA=
 gioui.org/shader v1.0.8/go.mod h1:mWdiME581d/kV7/iEhLmUgUK5iZ09XR5XpduXzbePVM=
-github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.1.1 h1:bGAesCuo85nXnEN5LmFMVGAGpGkCPtHrZLi//qD7EJo=
-github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.1.1/go.mod h1:d22AnmeKq/on0HNv73UFriMKc4Ez6EqZAofLhAzpSzI=
-github.com/go-text/typesetting-utils v0.0.0-20231211103740-d9332ae51f04 h1:zBx+p/W2aQYtNuyZNcTfinWvXBQwYtDfme051PR/lAY=
-github.com/go-text/typesetting-utils v0.0.0-20231211103740-d9332ae51f04/go.mod h1:DDxDdQEnB70R8owOx3LVpEFvpMK9eeH1o2r0yZhFI9o=
-github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.4.13/go.mod h1:6yULJ656Px+3vBD8DxQVa3kxgyrAnzto9xy5taEt/CY=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221012211006-4de253d81b95 h1:sBdrWpxhGDdTAYNqbgBLAR+ULAPPhfgncLr1X0lyWtg=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221012211006-4de253d81b95/go.mod h1:cyybsKvd6eL0RnXn6p/Grxp8F5bW7iYuBgsNCOHpMYE=
-golang.org/x/exp/shiny v0.0.0-20220827204233-334a2380cb91 h1:ryT6Nf0R83ZgD8WnFFdfI8wCeyqgdXWN4+CkFVNPAT0=
-golang.org/x/exp/shiny v0.0.0-20220827204233-334a2380cb91/go.mod h1:VjAR7z0ngyATZTELrBSkxOOHhhlnVUxDye4mcjx5h/8=
-golang.org/x/image v0.5.0 h1:5JMiNunQeQw++mMOz48/ISeNu3Iweh/JaZU8ZLqHRrI=
-golang.org/x/image v0.5.0/go.mod h1:FVC7BI/5Ym8R25iw5OLsgshdUBbT1h5jZTpA+mvAdZ4=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0-dev.0.20220419223038-86c51ed26bb4/go.mod h1:jJ57K6gSWd91VN4djpZkiMVwK6gcyfeH4XE8wZrZaV4=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190620200207-3b0461eec859/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210226172049-e18ecbb05110/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220722155237-a158d28d115b/go.mod h1:XRhObCWvk6IyKnWLug+ECip1KBveYUHfp+8e9klMJ9c=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190423024810-112230192c58/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20220722155255-886fb9371eb4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190215142949-d0b11bdaac8a/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20201119102817-f84b799fce68/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210615035016-665e8c7367d1/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220520151302-bc2c85ada10a/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0 h1:MUK/U/4lj1t1oPg0HfuXDN/Z1wv31ZJ/YcPiGccS4DU=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
-golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
-golang.org/x/text v0.9.0 h1:2sjJmO8cDvYveuX97RDLsxlyUxLl+GHoLxBiRdHllBE=
-golang.org/x/text v0.9.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191119224855-298f0cb1881e/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.1.12/go.mod h1:hNGJHUnrk76NpqgfD5Aqm5Crs+Hm0VOH/i9J2+nxYbc=
-golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
+github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.3.0 h1:OWCgYpp8njoxSRpwrdd1bQOxdjOXDj9Rqart9ML4iF4=
+github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.3.0/go.mod h1:qjZLkhRgOEYMhU9eHBr3AR4sfnGJvOXNLt8yRAySFuY=
+github.com/go-text/typesetting-utils v0.0.0-20241103174707-87a29e9e6066 h1:qCuYC+94v2xrb1PoS4NIDe7DGYtLnU2wWiQe9a1B1c0=
+github.com/go-text/typesetting-utils v0.0.0-20241103174707-87a29e9e6066/go.mod h1:DDxDdQEnB70R8owOx3LVpEFvpMK9eeH1o2r0yZhFI9o=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0 h1:R84qjqJb5nVJMxqWYb3np9L5ZsaDtB+a39EqjV0JSUM=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0/go.mod h1:S9Xr4PYopiDyqSyp5NjCrhFrqg6A5zA2E/iPHPhqnS8=
+golang.org/x/exp/shiny v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0 h1:tMSqXTK+AQdW3LpCbfatHSRPHeW6+2WuxaVQuHftn80=
+golang.org/x/exp/shiny v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0/go.mod h1:ygj7T6vSGhhm/9yTpOQQNvuAUFziTH7RUiH74EoE2C8=
+golang.org/x/image v0.26.0 h1:4XjIFEZWQmCZi6Wv8BoxsDhRU3RVnLX04dToTDAEPlY=
+golang.org/x/image v0.26.0/go.mod h1:lcxbMFAovzpnJxzXS3nyL83K27tmqtKzIJpctK8YO5c=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.33.0 h1:q3i8TbbEz+JRD9ywIRlyRAQbM0qF7hu24q3teo2hbuw=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.33.0/go.mod h1:BJP2sWEmIv4KK5OTEluFJCKSidICx8ciO85XgH3Ak8k=
+golang.org/x/text v0.24.0 h1:dd5Bzh4yt5KYA8f9CJHCP4FB4D51c2c6JvN37xJJkJ0=
+golang.org/x/text v0.24.0/go.mod h1:L8rBsPeo2pSS+xqN0d5u2ikmjtmoJbDBT1b7nHvFCdU=

gpu/caches.go

@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ package gpu
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-
-	"gioui.org/internal/f32"
+	"image"
 )
 
 type textureCacheKey struct {
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ type opCache struct {
 type opCacheValue struct {
 	data pathData
 
-	bounds f32.Rectangle
+	bounds image.Rectangle
 	// the fields below are handled by opCache
 	key  opKey
 	keep bool

gpu/clip.go

@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ type quadSplitter struct {
 
 func encodeQuadTo(data []byte, meta uint32, from, ctrl, to f32.Point) {
 	// inlined code:
-	//   encodeVertex(data, meta, -1, 1, from, ctrl, to)
+	//   encodeVertex(data, meta, 1, -1, from, ctrl, to)
 	//   encodeVertex(data[vertStride:], meta, 1, 1, from, ctrl, to)
 	//   encodeVertex(data[vertStride*2:], meta, -1, -1, from, ctrl, to)
-	//   encodeVertex(data[vertStride*3:], meta, 1, -1, from, ctrl, to)
+	//   encodeVertex(data[vertStride*3:], meta, -1, 1, from, ctrl, to)
 	// this code needs to stay in sync with `vertex.encode`.
 
 	bo := binary.LittleEndian
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ func encodeQuadTo(data []byte, meta uint32, from, ctrl, to f32.Point) {
 }
 
 const (
-	nwCorner = 1*0.25 + 0*0.5
-	neCorner = 1*0.25 + 1*0.5
-	swCorner = 0*0.25 + 0*0.5
-	seCorner = 0*0.25 + 1*0.5
+	nwCorner = 1*0.5 + 0*0.25
+	neCorner = 1*0.5 + 1*0.25
+	swCorner = 0*0.5 + 0*0.25
+	seCorner = 0*0.5 + 1*0.25
 )
 
 func encodeVertex(data []byte, meta uint32, cornerx, cornery int16, from, ctrl, to f32.Point) {

gpu/clip_test.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 func BenchmarkEncodeQuadTo(b *testing.B) {
 	var data [vertStride * 4]byte
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for i := 0; b.Loop(); i++ {
 		v := float32(i)
 		encodeQuadTo(data[:], 123,
 			f32.Point{X: v, Y: v},

gpu/cpu.go

@@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR MIT
-
-package gpu
-
-import (
-	"unsafe"
-
-	"gioui.org/cpu"
-)
-
-// This file contains code specific to running compute shaders on the CPU.
-
-// dispatcher dispatches CPU compute programs across multiple goroutines.
-type dispatcher struct {
-	// done is notified when a worker completes its work slice.
-	done chan struct{}
-	// work receives work slice indices. It is closed when the dispatcher is released.
-	work chan work
-	// dispatch receives compute jobs, which is then split among workers.
-	dispatch chan dispatch
-	// sync receives notification when a Sync completes.
-	sync chan struct{}
-}
-
-type work struct {
-	ctx   *cpu.DispatchContext
-	index int
-}
-
-type dispatch struct {
-	_type   jobType
-	program *cpu.ProgramInfo
-	descSet unsafe.Pointer
-	x, y, z int
-}
-
-type jobType uint8
-
-const (
-	jobDispatch jobType = iota
-	jobBarrier
-	jobSync
-)
-
-func newDispatcher(workers int) *dispatcher {
-	d := &dispatcher{
-		work: make(chan work, workers),
-		done: make(chan struct{}, workers),
-		// Leave some room to avoid blocking calls to Dispatch.
-		dispatch: make(chan dispatch, 20),
-		sync:     make(chan struct{}),
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < workers; i++ {
-		go d.worker()
-	}
-	go d.dispatcher()
-	return d
-}
-
-func (d *dispatcher) dispatcher() {
-	defer close(d.work)
-	var free []*cpu.DispatchContext
-	defer func() {
-		for _, ctx := range free {
-			ctx.Free()
-		}
-	}()
-	var used []*cpu.DispatchContext
-	for job := range d.dispatch {
-		switch job._type {
-		case jobDispatch:
-			if len(free) == 0 {
-				free = append(free, cpu.NewDispatchContext())
-			}
-			ctx := free[len(free)-1]
-			free = free[:len(free)-1]
-			used = append(used, ctx)
-			ctx.Prepare(cap(d.work), job.program, job.descSet, job.x, job.y, job.z)
-			for i := 0; i < cap(d.work); i++ {
-				d.work <- work{
-					ctx:   ctx,
-					index: i,
-				}
-			}
-		case jobBarrier:
-			// Wait for all outstanding dispatches to complete.
-			for i := 0; i < len(used)*cap(d.work); i++ {
-				<-d.done
-			}
-			free = append(free, used...)
-			used = used[:0]
-		case jobSync:
-			d.sync <- struct{}{}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (d *dispatcher) worker() {
-	thread := cpu.NewThreadContext()
-	defer thread.Free()
-	for w := range d.work {
-		w.ctx.Dispatch(w.index, thread)
-		d.done <- struct{}{}
-	}
-}
-
-func (d *dispatcher) Barrier() {
-	d.dispatch <- dispatch{_type: jobBarrier}
-}
-
-func (d *dispatcher) Sync() {
-	d.dispatch <- dispatch{_type: jobSync}
-	<-d.sync
-}
-
-func (d *dispatcher) Dispatch(program *cpu.ProgramInfo, descSet unsafe.Pointer, x, y, z int) {
-	d.dispatch <- dispatch{
-		_type:   jobDispatch,
-		program: program,
-		descSet: descSet,
-		x:       x,
-		y:       y,
-		z:       z,
-	}
-}
-
-func (d *dispatcher) Stop() {
-	close(d.dispatch)
-}

gpu/gpu.go

@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ package gpu
 
 import (
 	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"image"
 	"image/color"
 	"math"
-	"os"
 	"reflect"
+	"slices"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
 
@@ -117,17 +118,17 @@ type drawState struct {
 }
 
 type pathOp struct {
-	off f32.Point
+	off image.Point
 	// rect tracks whether the clip stack can be represented by a
 	// pixel-aligned rectangle.
 	rect bool
 	// clip is the union of all
 	// later clip rectangles.
 	clip   image.Rectangle
-	bounds f32.Rectangle
+	bounds image.Rectangle
 	// intersect is the intersection of bounds and all
 	// previous clip bounds.
-	intersect f32.Rectangle
+	intersect image.Rectangle
 	pathKey   opKey
 	path      bool
 	pathVerts []byte
@@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ const (
 // imageOpData is the shadow of paint.ImageOp.
 type imageOpData struct {
 	src    *image.RGBA
-	handle interface{}
+	handle any
 	filter byte
 }
 
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ type linearGradientOpData struct {
 	color2 color.NRGBA
 }
 
-func decodeImageOp(data []byte, refs []interface{}) imageOpData {
+func decodeImageOp(data []byte, refs []any) imageOpData {
 	handle := refs[1]
 	if handle == nil {
 		return imageOpData{}
@@ -343,13 +344,12 @@ func New(api API) (GPU, error) {
 func NewWithDevice(d driver.Device) (GPU, error) {
 	d.BeginFrame(nil, false, image.Point{})
 	defer d.EndFrame()
-	forceCompute := os.Getenv("GIORENDERER") == "forcecompute"
 	feats := d.Caps().Features
 	switch {
-	case !forceCompute && feats.Has(driver.FeatureFloatRenderTargets) && feats.Has(driver.FeatureSRGB):
+	case feats.Has(driver.FeatureFloatRenderTargets) && feats.Has(driver.FeatureSRGB):
 		return newGPU(d)
 	}
-	return newCompute(d)
+	return nil, errors.New("no available GPU driver")
 }
 
 func newGPU(ctx driver.Device) (*gpu, error) {
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ func newBlitter(ctx driver.Device) *blitter {
 	b.texUniforms = new(blitTexUniforms)
 	b.linearGradientUniforms = new(blitLinearGradientUniforms)
 	pipelines, err := createColorPrograms(ctx, gio.Shader_blit_vert, gio.Shader_blit_frag,
-		[3]interface{}{b.colUniforms, b.linearGradientUniforms, b.texUniforms},
+		[3]any{b.colUniforms, b.linearGradientUniforms, b.texUniforms},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ func (b *blitter) release() {
 	}
 }
 
-func createColorPrograms(b driver.Device, vsSrc shader.Sources, fsSrc [3]shader.Sources, uniforms [3]interface{}) (pipelines [2][3]*pipeline, err error) {
+func createColorPrograms(b driver.Device, vsSrc shader.Sources, fsSrc [3]shader.Sources, uniforms [3]any) (pipelines [2][3]*pipeline, err error) {
 	defer func() {
 		if err != nil {
 			for _, p := range pipelines {
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ func (r *renderer) packLayers(layers []opacityLayer) []opacityLayer {
 			layers[l.parent].clip = b.Union(l.clip)
 		}
 		if l.clip.Empty() {
-			layers = append(layers[:i], layers[i+1:]...)
+			layers = slices.Delete(layers, i, i+1)
 		}
 	}
 	// Pack layers.
@@ -872,7 +872,7 @@ func (r *renderer) drawLayers(layers []opacityLayer, ops []imageOp) {
 		r.drawOps(true, l.clip.Min.Mul(-1), l.clip.Size(), ops[l.opStart:l.opEnd])
 		sr := f32.FRect(v)
 		uvScale, uvOffset := texSpaceTransform(sr, f.size)
-		uvTrans := f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, uvScale).Offset(uvOffset)
+		uvTrans := f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, uvScale).Offset(uvOffset)
 		// Replace layer ops with one textured op.
 		ops[l.opStart] = imageOp{
 			clip: l.clip,
@@ -902,16 +902,14 @@ func (d *drawOps) reset(viewport image.Point) {
 	d.opacityStack = d.opacityStack[:0]
 }
 
-func (d *drawOps) collect(root *op.Ops, viewport image.Point) {
-	viewf := f32.Rectangle{
-		Max: f32.Point{X: float32(viewport.X), Y: float32(viewport.Y)},
-	}
+func (d *drawOps) collect(root *op.Ops, viewportSize image.Point) {
+	viewport := image.Rectangle{Max: viewportSize}
 	var ops *ops.Ops
 	if root != nil {
 		ops = &root.Internal
 	}
 	d.reader.Reset(ops)
-	d.collectOps(&d.reader, viewf)
+	d.collectOps(&d.reader, viewport)
 }
 
 func (d *drawOps) buildPaths(ctx driver.Device) {
@@ -932,7 +930,7 @@ func (d *drawOps) newPathOp() *pathOp {
 	return &d.pathOpCache[len(d.pathOpCache)-1]
 }
 
-func (d *drawOps) addClipPath(state *drawState, aux []byte, auxKey opKey, bounds f32.Rectangle, off f32.Point) {
+func (d *drawOps) addClipPath(state *drawState, aux []byte, auxKey opKey, bounds image.Rectangle, off image.Point) {
 	npath := d.newPathOp()
 	*npath = pathOp{
 		parent:    state.cpath,
@@ -957,7 +955,9 @@ func (d *drawOps) addClipPath(state *drawState, aux []byte, auxKey opKey, bounds
 
 func (d *drawOps) save(id int, state f32.Affine2D) {
 	if extra := id - len(d.states) + 1; extra > 0 {
-		d.states = append(d.states, make([]f32.Affine2D, extra)...)
+		for range extra {
+			d.states = append(d.states, f32.AffineId())
+		}
 	}
 	d.states[id] = state
 }
@@ -971,13 +971,14 @@ func (k opKey) SetTransform(t f32.Affine2D) opKey {
 	return k
 }
 
-func (d *drawOps) collectOps(r *ops.Reader, viewport f32.Rectangle) {
-	var (
-		quads quadsOp
-		state drawState
-	)
+func (d *drawOps) collectOps(r *ops.Reader, viewport image.Rectangle) {
+	var quads quadsOp
+	state := drawState{
+		t: f32.AffineId(),
+	}
 	reset := func() {
 		state = drawState{
+			t:     f32.AffineId(),
 			color: color.NRGBA{A: 0xff},
 		}
 	}
@@ -1032,8 +1033,8 @@ loop:
 			var op ops.ClipOp
 			op.Decode(encOp.Data)
 			quads.key.outline = op.Outline
-			bounds := f32.FRect(op.Bounds)
-			trans, off := state.t.Split()
+			bounds := op.Bounds
+			trans, off := transformOffset(state.t)
 			if len(quads.aux) > 0 {
 				// There is a clipping path, build the gpu data and update the
 				// cache key such that it will be equal only if the transform is the
@@ -1044,11 +1045,11 @@ loop:
 					// Why is this not used for the offset shapes?
 					bounds = v.bounds
 				} else {
-					var pathData []byte
-					pathData, bounds = d.buildVerts(
+					newPathData, newBounds := d.buildVerts(
 						quads.aux, trans, quads.key.outline, quads.key.strokeWidth,
 					)
-					quads.aux = pathData
+					quads.aux = newPathData
+					bounds = newBounds.Round()
 					// add it to the cache, without GPU data, so the transform can be
 					// reused.
 					d.pathCache.put(quads.key, opCacheValue{bounds: bounds})
@@ -1056,6 +1057,7 @@ loop:
 			} else {
 				quads.aux, bounds, _ = d.boundsForTransformedRect(bounds, trans)
 				quads.key = opKey{Key: encOp.Key}
+				quads.key = quads.key.SetTransform(trans)
 			}
 			d.addClipPath(&state, quads.aux, quads.key, bounds, off)
 			quads = quadsOp{}
@@ -1079,21 +1081,21 @@ loop:
 			// Transform (if needed) the painting rectangle and if so generate a clip path,
 			// for those cases also compute a partialTrans that maps texture coordinates between
 			// the new bounding rectangle and the transformed original paint rectangle.
-			t, off := state.t.Split()
+			t, off := transformOffset(state.t)
 			// Fill the clip area, unless the material is a (bounded) image.
 			// TODO: Find a tighter bound.
-			inf := float32(1e6)
-			dst := f32.Rect(-inf, -inf, inf, inf)
+			inf := int(1e6)
+			dst := image.Rect(-inf, -inf, inf, inf)
 			if state.matType == materialTexture {
 				sz := state.image.src.Rect.Size()
-				dst = f32.Rectangle{Max: layout.FPt(sz)}
+				dst = image.Rectangle{Max: sz}
 			}
 			clipData, bnd, partialTrans := d.boundsForTransformedRect(dst, t)
-			cl := viewport.Intersect(bnd.Add(off))
+			bounds := viewport.Intersect(bnd.Add(off))
 			if state.cpath != nil {
-				cl = state.cpath.intersect.Intersect(cl)
+				bounds = state.cpath.intersect.Intersect(bounds)
 			}
-			if cl.Empty() {
+			if bounds.Empty() {
 				continue
 			}
 
@@ -1101,11 +1103,10 @@ loop:
 				// The paint operation is sheared or rotated, add a clip path representing
 				// this transformed rectangle.
 				k := opKey{Key: encOp.Key}
-				k.SetTransform(t) // TODO: This call has no effect.
+				k = k.SetTransform(t)
 				d.addClipPath(&state, clipData, k, bnd, off)
 			}
 
-			bounds := cl.Round()
 			mat := state.materialFor(bnd, off, partialTrans, bounds)
 
 			rect := state.cpath == nil || state.cpath.rect
@@ -1159,9 +1160,10 @@ func expandPathOp(p *pathOp, clip image.Rectangle) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (d *drawState) materialFor(rect f32.Rectangle, off f32.Point, partTrans f32.Affine2D, clip image.Rectangle) material {
+func (d *drawState) materialFor(rect image.Rectangle, off image.Point, partTrans f32.Affine2D, clip image.Rectangle) material {
 	m := material{
 		opacity: 1.,
+		uvTrans: f32.AffineId(),
 	}
 	switch d.matType {
 	case materialColor:
@@ -1178,7 +1180,7 @@ func (d *drawState) materialFor(rect f32.Rectangle, off f32.Point, partTrans f32
 		m.uvTrans = partTrans.Mul(gradientSpaceTransform(clip, off, d.stop1, d.stop2))
 	case materialTexture:
 		m.material = materialTexture
-		dr := rect.Add(off).Round()
+		dr := rect.Add(off)
 		sz := d.image.src.Bounds().Size()
 		sr := f32.Rectangle{
 			Max: f32.Point{
@@ -1195,7 +1197,7 @@ func (d *drawState) materialFor(rect f32.Rectangle, off f32.Point, partTrans f32
 		sr.Min.Y += float32(clip.Min.Y-dr.Min.Y) * sdy / dy
 		sr.Max.Y -= float32(dr.Max.Y-clip.Max.Y) * sdy / dy
 		uvScale, uvOffset := texSpaceTransform(sr, sz)
-		m.uvTrans = partTrans.Mul(f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, uvScale).Offset(uvOffset))
+		m.uvTrans = partTrans.Mul(f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, uvScale).Offset(uvOffset))
 		m.data = d.image
 	}
 	return m
@@ -1316,7 +1318,7 @@ func (b *blitter) blit(mat materialType, fbo bool, col f32color.RGBA, col1, col2
 
 // newUniformBuffer creates a new GPU uniform buffer backed by the
 // structure uniformBlock points to.
-func newUniformBuffer(b driver.Device, uniformBlock interface{}) *uniformBuffer {
+func newUniformBuffer(b driver.Device, uniformBlock any) *uniformBuffer {
 	ref := reflect.ValueOf(uniformBlock)
 	// Determine the size of the uniforms structure, *uniforms.
 	size := ref.Elem().Type().Size()
@@ -1363,19 +1365,19 @@ func texSpaceTransform(r f32.Rectangle, bounds image.Point) (f32.Point, f32.Poin
 }
 
 // gradientSpaceTransform transforms stop1 and stop2 to [(0,0), (1,1)].
-func gradientSpaceTransform(clip image.Rectangle, off f32.Point, stop1, stop2 f32.Point) f32.Affine2D {
+func gradientSpaceTransform(clip image.Rectangle, off image.Point, stop1, stop2 f32.Point) f32.Affine2D {
 	d := stop2.Sub(stop1)
 	l := float32(math.Sqrt(float64(d.X*d.X + d.Y*d.Y)))
 	a := float32(math.Atan2(float64(-d.Y), float64(d.X)))
 
 	// TODO: optimize
 	zp := f32.Point{}
-	return f32.Affine2D{}.
-		Scale(zp, layout.FPt(clip.Size())).            // scale to pixel space
-		Offset(zp.Sub(off).Add(layout.FPt(clip.Min))). // offset to clip space
-		Offset(zp.Sub(stop1)).                         // offset to first stop point
-		Rotate(zp, a).                                 // rotate to align gradient
-		Scale(zp, f32.Pt(1/l, 1/l))                    // scale gradient to right size
+	return f32.AffineId().
+		Scale(zp, layout.FPt(clip.Size())).                     // scale to pixel space
+		Offset(zp.Sub(f32.FPt(off)).Add(layout.FPt(clip.Min))). // offset to clip space
+		Offset(zp.Sub(stop1)).                                  // offset to first stop point
+		Rotate(zp, a).                                          // rotate to align gradient
+		Scale(zp, f32.Pt(1/l, 1/l))                             // scale gradient to right size
 }
 
 // clipSpaceTransform returns the scale and offset that transforms the given
@@ -1484,7 +1486,7 @@ func (d *drawOps) buildVerts(pathData []byte, tr f32.Affine2D, outline bool, str
 // as needed and feeds them to the supplied splitter.
 func decodeToOutlineQuads(qs *quadSplitter, tr f32.Affine2D, pathData []byte) {
 	for len(pathData) >= scene.CommandSize+4 {
-		qs.contour = bo.Uint32(pathData)
+		qs.contour = binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(pathData)
 		cmd := ops.DecodeCommand(pathData[4:])
 		switch cmd.Op() {
 		case scene.OpLine:
@@ -1519,37 +1521,38 @@ func decodeToOutlineQuads(qs *quadSplitter, tr f32.Affine2D, pathData []byte) {
 }
 
 // create GPU vertices for transformed r, find the bounds and establish texture transform.
-func (d *drawOps) boundsForTransformedRect(r f32.Rectangle, tr f32.Affine2D) (aux []byte, bnd f32.Rectangle, ptr f32.Affine2D) {
-	if isPureOffset(tr) {
-		// fast-path to allow blitting of pure rectangles
-		_, _, ox, _, _, oy := tr.Elems()
-		off := f32.Pt(ox, oy)
-		bnd.Min = r.Min.Add(off)
-		bnd.Max = r.Max.Add(off)
+func (d *drawOps) boundsForTransformedRect(r image.Rectangle, tr f32.Affine2D) (aux []byte, bnd image.Rectangle, ptr f32.Affine2D) {
+	ptr = f32.AffineId()
+	if tr == f32.AffineId() {
+		// fast-path to allow blitting of pure rectangles.
+		bnd = r
 		return
 	}
 
 	// transform all corners, find new bounds
 	corners := [4]f32.Point{
-		tr.Transform(r.Min), tr.Transform(f32.Pt(r.Max.X, r.Min.Y)),
-		tr.Transform(r.Max), tr.Transform(f32.Pt(r.Min.X, r.Max.Y)),
+		tr.Transform(f32.FPt(r.Min)), tr.Transform(f32.Pt(float32(r.Max.X), float32(r.Min.Y))),
+		tr.Transform(f32.FPt(r.Max)), tr.Transform(f32.Pt(float32(r.Min.X), float32(r.Max.Y))),
+	}
+	fBounds := f32.Rectangle{
+		Min: f32.Pt(math.MaxFloat32, math.MaxFloat32),
+		Max: f32.Pt(-math.MaxFloat32, -math.MaxFloat32),
 	}
-	bnd.Min = f32.Pt(math.MaxFloat32, math.MaxFloat32)
-	bnd.Max = f32.Pt(-math.MaxFloat32, -math.MaxFloat32)
 	for _, c := range corners {
-		if c.X < bnd.Min.X {
-			bnd.Min.X = c.X
+		if c.X < fBounds.Min.X {
+			fBounds.Min.X = c.X
 		}
-		if c.Y < bnd.Min.Y {
-			bnd.Min.Y = c.Y
+		if c.Y < fBounds.Min.Y {
+			fBounds.Min.Y = c.Y
 		}
-		if c.X > bnd.Max.X {
-			bnd.Max.X = c.X
+		if c.X > fBounds.Max.X {
+			fBounds.Max.X = c.X
 		}
-		if c.Y > bnd.Max.Y {
-			bnd.Max.Y = c.Y
+		if c.Y > fBounds.Max.Y {
+			fBounds.Max.Y = c.Y
 		}
 	}
+	bnd = fBounds.Round()
 
 	// build the GPU vertices
 	l := len(d.vertCache)
@@ -1563,19 +1566,38 @@ func (d *drawOps) boundsForTransformedRect(r f32.Rectangle, tr f32.Affine2D) (au
 
 	// establish the transform mapping from bounds rectangle to transformed corners
 	var P1, P2, P3 f32.Point
-	P1.X = (corners[1].X - bnd.Min.X) / (bnd.Max.X - bnd.Min.X)
-	P1.Y = (corners[1].Y - bnd.Min.Y) / (bnd.Max.Y - bnd.Min.Y)
-	P2.X = (corners[2].X - bnd.Min.X) / (bnd.Max.X - bnd.Min.X)
-	P2.Y = (corners[2].Y - bnd.Min.Y) / (bnd.Max.Y - bnd.Min.Y)
-	P3.X = (corners[3].X - bnd.Min.X) / (bnd.Max.X - bnd.Min.X)
-	P3.Y = (corners[3].Y - bnd.Min.Y) / (bnd.Max.Y - bnd.Min.Y)
+	P1.X = (corners[1].X - fBounds.Min.X) / (fBounds.Max.X - fBounds.Min.X)
+	P1.Y = (corners[1].Y - fBounds.Min.Y) / (fBounds.Max.Y - fBounds.Min.Y)
+	P2.X = (corners[2].X - fBounds.Min.X) / (fBounds.Max.X - fBounds.Min.X)
+	P2.Y = (corners[2].Y - fBounds.Min.Y) / (fBounds.Max.Y - fBounds.Min.Y)
+	P3.X = (corners[3].X - fBounds.Min.X) / (fBounds.Max.X - fBounds.Min.X)
+	P3.Y = (corners[3].Y - fBounds.Min.Y) / (fBounds.Max.Y - fBounds.Min.Y)
 	sx, sy := P2.X-P3.X, P2.Y-P3.Y
 	ptr = f32.NewAffine2D(sx, P2.X-P1.X, P1.X-sx, sy, P2.Y-P1.Y, P1.Y-sy).Invert()
 
-	return
+	return aux, bnd, ptr
 }
 
-func isPureOffset(t f32.Affine2D) bool {
-	a, b, _, d, e, _ := t.Elems()
-	return a == 1 && b == 0 && d == 0 && e == 1
+// transformOffset a transform into two parts, one which is pure integer offset
+// and the other representing the scaling, shearing and rotation and fractional
+// offset.
+func transformOffset(t f32.Affine2D) (f32.Affine2D, image.Point) {
+	sx, hx, ox, hy, sy, oy := t.Elems()
+	iox, fox := math.Modf(float64(ox))
+	ioy, foy := math.Modf(float64(oy))
+	ft := f32.NewAffine2D(sx, hx, float32(fox), hy, sy, float32(foy))
+	ip := image.Pt(int(iox), int(ioy))
+	return ft, ip
+}
+
+func newShaders(ctx driver.Device, vsrc, fsrc shader.Sources) (vert driver.VertexShader, frag driver.FragmentShader, err error) {
+	vert, err = ctx.NewVertexShader(vsrc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	frag, err = ctx.NewFragmentShader(fsrc)
+	if err != nil {
+		vert.Release()
+	}
+	return
 }

gpu/headless/driver_test.go

@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@ import (
 
 var dumpImages = flag.Bool("saveimages", false, "save test images")
 
-var clearCol = color.NRGBA{A: 0xff, R: 0xde, G: 0xad, B: 0xbe}
-var clearColExpect = f32color.NRGBAToRGBA(clearCol)
+var (
+	clearCol       = color.NRGBA{A: 0xff, R: 0xde, G: 0xad, B: 0xbe}
+	clearColExpect = f32color.NRGBAToRGBA(clearCol)
+)
 
 func TestFramebufferClear(t *testing.T) {
 	b := newDriver(t)
@@ -202,5 +204,5 @@ func saveImage(file string, img image.Image) error {
 	if err := png.Encode(&buf, img); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return os.WriteFile(file, buf.Bytes(), 0666)
+	return os.WriteFile(file, buf.Bytes(), 0o666)
 }

gpu/internal/d3d11/d3d11_windows.go

@@ -152,9 +152,7 @@ func newDirect3D11Device(api driver.Direct3D11) (driver.Device, error) {
 }
 
 func (b *Backend) BeginFrame(target driver.RenderTarget, clear bool, viewport image.Point) driver.Texture {
-	var (
-		renderTarget *d3d11.RenderTargetView
-	)
+	var renderTarget *d3d11.RenderTargetView
 	if target != nil {
 		switch t := target.(type) {
 		case driver.Direct3D11RenderTarget:
@@ -229,10 +227,7 @@ func (b *Backend) NewTexture(format driver.TextureFormat, width, height int, min
 		// Flags required by ID3D11DeviceContext::GenerateMips.
 		bindFlags |= d3d11.BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE | d3d11.BIND_RENDER_TARGET
 		miscFlags |= d3d11.RESOURCE_MISC_GENERATE_MIPS
-		dim := width
-		if height > dim {
-			dim = height
-		}
+		dim := max(height, width)
 		log2 := 32 - bits.LeadingZeros32(uint32(dim)) - 1
 		nmipmaps = log2 + 1
 	}
@@ -802,7 +797,7 @@ func (t *Texture) ReadPixels(src image.Rectangle, pixels []byte, stride int) err
 	mapSize := dstPitch * h
 	data := sliceOf(resMap.PData, mapSize)
 	width := w * 4
-	for r := 0; r < h; r++ {
+	for r := range h {
 		pixels := pixels[r*srcPitch:]
 		copy(pixels[:width], data[r*dstPitch:])
 	}

gpu/internal/driver/driver.go

@@ -96,8 +96,10 @@ type BlendFactor uint8
 
 type Topology uint8
 
-type TextureFilter uint8
-type TextureFormat uint8
+type (
+	TextureFilter uint8
+	TextureFormat uint8
+)
 
 type BufferBinding uint8
 
@@ -217,7 +219,7 @@ func flipImageY(stride, height int, pixels []byte) {
 	// Flip image in y-direction. OpenGL's origin is in the lower
 	// left corner.
 	row := make([]uint8, stride)
-	for y := 0; y < height/2; y++ {
+	for y := range height / 2 {
 		y1 := height - y - 1
 		dest := y1 * stride
 		src := y * stride

gpu/internal/opengl/opengl.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"image"
 	"math/bits"
 	"runtime"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
@@ -717,10 +718,7 @@ func (b *Backend) NewTexture(format driver.TextureFormat, width, height int, min
 	if mipmap {
 		nmipmaps := 1
 		if mipmap {
-			dim := width
-			if height > dim {
-				dim = height
-			}
+			dim := max(height, width)
 			log2 := 32 - bits.LeadingZeros32(uint32(dim)) - 1
 			nmipmaps = log2 + 1
 		}
@@ -1132,7 +1130,7 @@ func (b *Backend) setupVertexArrays() {
 		enabled[inp.Location] = true
 		b.glstate.vertexAttribPointer(b.funcs, buf.obj, inp.Location, l.Size, gltyp, false, p.layout.Stride, buf.offset+l.Offset)
 	}
-	for i := 0; i < max; i++ {
+	for i := range max {
 		b.glstate.setVertexAttribArray(b.funcs, i, enabled[i])
 	}
 }
@@ -1175,7 +1173,7 @@ func (t *texture) ReadPixels(src image.Rectangle, pixels []byte, stride int) err
 	} else {
 		tmp := make([]byte, w*h*4)
 		t.backend.funcs.ReadPixels(src.Min.X, src.Min.Y, w, h, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, tmp)
-		for y := 0; y < h; y++ {
+		for y := range h {
 			copy(pixels[y*stride:], tmp[y*w*4:])
 		}
 	}
@@ -1357,12 +1355,7 @@ func alphaTripleFor(ver [2]int) textureTriple {
 }
 
 func hasExtension(exts []string, ext string) bool {
-	for _, e := range exts {
-		if ext == e {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
+	return slices.Contains(exts, ext)
 }
 
 func firstBufferType(typ driver.BufferBinding) gl.Enum {

gpu/internal/rendertest/bench_test.go

@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ func BenchmarkDrawUICached(b *testing.B) {
 	defer w.Release()
 	drawCore(gtx, th)
 	w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+
+	for b.Loop() {
 		w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 	}
 	finishBenchmark(b, w)
@@ -83,12 +83,12 @@ func BenchmarkDrawUI(b *testing.B) {
 	drawCore(gtx, th)
 	w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 	b.ReportAllocs()
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+
+	for i := 0; b.Loop(); i++ {
 		resetOps(gtx)
 
 		off := float32(math.Mod(float64(i)/10, 10))
-		t := op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Pt(off, off))).Push(gtx.Ops)
+		t := op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(off, off))).Push(gtx.Ops)
 
 		drawCore(gtx, th)
 
@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@ func BenchmarkDrawUITransformed(b *testing.B) {
 	drawCore(gtx, th)
 	w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 	b.ReportAllocs()
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+
+	for i := 0; b.Loop(); i++ {
 		resetOps(gtx)
 
 		angle := float32(math.Mod(float64(i)/1000, 0.05))
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Shear(f32.Point{}, angle, angle).Rotate(f32.Point{}, angle)
+		a := f32.AffineId().Shear(f32.Point{}, angle, angle).Rotate(f32.Point{}, angle)
 		t := op.Affine(a).Push(gtx.Ops)
 
 		drawCore(gtx, th)
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ func Benchmark1000Circles(b *testing.B) {
 	draw1000Circles(gtx)
 	w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 	b.ReportAllocs()
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+
+	for b.Loop() {
 		resetOps(gtx)
 		draw1000Circles(gtx)
 		w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
@@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ func Benchmark1000CirclesInstanced(b *testing.B) {
 	draw1000CirclesInstanced(gtx)
 	w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
 	b.ReportAllocs()
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+
+	for b.Loop() {
 		resetOps(gtx)
 		draw1000CirclesInstanced(gtx)
 		w.Frame(gtx.Ops)
@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ func Benchmark1000CirclesInstanced(b *testing.B) {
 
 func draw1000Circles(gtx layout.Context) {
 	ops := gtx.Ops
-	for x := 0; x < 100; x++ {
+	for x := range 100 {
 		op.Offset(image.Pt(x*10, 0)).Add(ops)
-		for y := 0; y < 10; y++ {
+		for y := range 10 {
 			paint.FillShape(ops,
 				color.NRGBA{R: 100 + uint8(x), G: 100 + uint8(y), B: 100, A: 120},
 				clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(0, 0, 10, 10), NE: 5, SE: 5, SW: 5, NW: 5}.Op(ops),
@@ -179,9 +179,9 @@ func draw1000CirclesInstanced(gtx layout.Context) {
 	cl.Pop()
 	c := r.Stop()
 
-	for x := 0; x < 100; x++ {
+	for x := range 100 {
 		op.Offset(image.Pt(x*10, 0)).Add(ops)
-		for y := 0; y < 10; y++ {
+		for y := range 10 {
 			paint.ColorOp{Color: color.NRGBA{R: 100 + uint8(x), G: 100 + uint8(y), B: 100, A: 120}}.Add(ops)
 			c.Add(ops)
 			op.Offset(image.Pt(0, 100)).Add(ops)
@@ -204,9 +204,9 @@ func drawIndividualShapes(gtx layout.Context, th *material.Theme) chan op.CallOp
 	go func() {
 		ops := &op1
 		c := op.Record(ops)
-		for x := 0; x < 9; x++ {
+		for x := range 9 {
 			op.Offset(image.Pt(x*50, 0)).Add(ops)
-			for y := 0; y < 9; y++ {
+			for y := range 9 {
 				paint.FillShape(ops,
 					color.NRGBA{R: 100 + uint8(x), G: 100 + uint8(y), B: 100, A: 120},
 					clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(0, 0, 25, 25), NE: 10, SE: 10, SW: 10, NW: 10}.Op(ops),
@@ -233,8 +233,8 @@ func drawShapeInstances(gtx layout.Context, th *material.Theme) chan op.CallOp {
 
 		squares.Add(ops)
 		rad := float32(0)
-		for x := 0; x < 20; x++ {
-			for y := 0; y < 20; y++ {
+		for x := range 20 {
+			for y := range 20 {
 				t := op.Offset(image.Pt(x*50+25, y*50+25)).Push(ops)
 				c.Add(ops)
 				t.Pop()
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ func drawText(gtx layout.Context, th *material.Theme) chan op.CallOp {
 		c := op.Record(ops)
 
 		txt := material.H6(th, "")
-		for x := 0; x < 40; x++ {
+		for x := range 40 {
 			txt.Text = textRows[x]
 			t := op.Offset(image.Pt(0, 24*x)).Push(ops)
 			gtx.Ops = ops

gpu/internal/rendertest/clip_test.go

@@ -40,6 +40,25 @@ func TestPaintClippedRect(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestPaintClippedRectOffset(t *testing.T) {
+	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
+		defer op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(0.5, 0.5))).Push(o).Pop()
+		defer clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(25, 25, 60, 60)}.Push(o).Pop()
+		paint.FillShape(o, red, clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 50, 50)).Op())
+	}, func(r result) {
+		r.expect(0, 0, transparent)
+		r.expect(24, 35, transparent)
+		r.expect(24, 24, transparent)
+		r.expect(25, 25, color.RGBA{R: 137, A: 64})
+		r.expect(25, 35, color.RGBA{R: 187, A: 128})
+		r.expect(35, 25, color.RGBA{R: 187, A: 128})
+		r.expect(50, 50, color.RGBA{R: 137, A: 64})
+		r.expect(51, 51, transparent)
+		r.expect(50, 0, transparent)
+		r.expect(10, 50, transparent)
+	})
+}
+
 func TestPaintClippedCircle(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
 		const r = 10
@@ -132,8 +151,7 @@ func TestTexturedStrokeClipped(t *testing.T) {
 		defer clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(-30, -30, 60, 60)}.Push(o).Pop()
 		defer op.Offset(image.Pt(-10, -10)).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
-	}, func(r result) {
-	})
+	}, nil)
 }
 
 func TestTexturedStroke(t *testing.T) {
@@ -146,8 +164,7 @@ func TestTexturedStroke(t *testing.T) {
 		}.Op().Push(o).Pop()
 		defer op.Offset(image.Pt(-10, -10)).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
-	}, func(r result) {
-	})
+	}, nil)
 }
 
 func TestPaintClippedTexture(t *testing.T) {
@@ -178,7 +195,6 @@ func TestStrokedPathZeroWidth(t *testing.T) {
 			paint.Fill(o, red)
 			cl.Pop()
 		}
-
 	}, func(r result) {
 		r.expect(0, 0, transparent)
 		r.expect(10, 50, colornames.Black)
@@ -252,8 +268,7 @@ func TestPathReuse(t *testing.T) {
 		stroke := clip.Stroke{Path: spec, Width: 3}.Op().Push(o)
 		paint.Fill(o, color.NRGBA{B: 0xFF, A: 0xFF})
 		stroke.Pop()
-	}, func(r result) {
-	})
+	}, nil)
 }
 
 func TestPathInterleave(t *testing.T) {
@@ -290,6 +305,22 @@ func TestStrokedRect(t *testing.T) {
 				Width: 5,
 			}.Op(),
 		)
-	}, func(r result) {
-	})
+	}, nil)
+}
+
+func TestInstancedRects(t *testing.T) {
+	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
+		macro := op.Record(o)
+		clip := clip.Rect{Max: image.Pt(20, 20)}.Push(o)
+		paint.ColorOp{Color: color.NRGBA{R: 0x80, A: 0xFF}}.Add(o)
+		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
+		clip.Pop()
+		c := macro.Stop()
+
+		for range 2 {
+			op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Rotate(f32.Pt(0, 0), .2)).Add(o)
+			c.Add(o)
+			op.Offset(image.Pt(20, 20)).Add(o)
+		}
+	}, nil)
 }

gpu/internal/rendertest/render_test.go

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ func TestTransformMacro(t *testing.T) {
 	c := constSqPath()
 
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
-
 		// render the first Stacked item
 		m1 := op.Record(o)
 		dr := image.Rect(0, 0, 128, 50)
@@ -88,10 +87,10 @@ func TestNoClipFromPaint(t *testing.T) {
 	// ensure that a paint operation does not pollute the state
 	// by leaving any clip paths in place.
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Rotate(f32.Pt(20, 20), math.Pi/4)
+		a := f32.AffineId().Rotate(f32.Pt(20, 20), math.Pi/4)
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.FillShape(o, red, clip.Rect(image.Rect(10, 10, 30, 30)).Op())
-		a = f32.Affine2D{}.Rotate(f32.Pt(20, 20), -math.Pi/4)
+		a = f32.AffineId().Rotate(f32.Pt(20, 20), -math.Pi/4)
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 
 		paint.FillShape(o, black, clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 50, 50)).Op())
@@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ func TestDeferredPaint(t *testing.T) {
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
 		cl.Pop()
 
-		t := op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Pt(20, 20))).Push(o)
+		t := op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(20, 20))).Push(o)
 		m := op.Record(o)
 		cl2 := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 80, 80)).Op().Push(o)
 		paint.ColorOp{Color: color.NRGBA{A: 0x60, R: 0xff, G: 0xff}}.Add(o)
@@ -120,12 +119,11 @@ func TestDeferredPaint(t *testing.T) {
 		op.Defer(o, paintMacro)
 		t.Pop()
 
-		defer op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Pt(10, 10))).Push(o).Pop()
+		defer op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(10, 10))).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 80, 80)).Op().Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.ColorOp{Color: color.NRGBA{A: 0x60, B: 0xff}}.Add(o)
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
-	}, func(r result) {
-	})
+	}, nil)
 }
 
 func constSqPath() clip.Op {
@@ -143,8 +141,10 @@ func constSqPath() clip.Op {
 
 func constSqCirc() clip.Op {
 	innerOps := new(op.Ops)
-	return clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(0, 0, 40, 40),
-		NW: 20, NE: 20, SW: 20, SE: 20}.Op(innerOps)
+	return clip.RRect{
+		Rect: image.Rect(0, 0, 40, 40),
+		NW:   20, NE: 20, SW: 20, SE: 20,
+	}.Op(innerOps)
 }
 
 func drawChild(ops *op.Ops, text clip.Op) op.CallOp {
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ func TestLinearGradient(t *testing.T) {
 				Color2: g.To,
 			}.Add(ops)
 			cl := clip.RRect{Rect: gr.Round()}.Push(ops)
-			t1 := op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(pixelAligned.Min)).Push(ops)
+			t1 := op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(pixelAligned.Min)).Push(ops)
 			t2 := scale(pixelAligned.Dx()/128, 1).Push(ops)
 			paint.PaintOp{}.Add(ops)
 			t2.Pop()
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ func TestLinearGradientAngled(t *testing.T) {
 		cl = clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 64, 64, 128)).Push(ops)
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(ops)
 		cl.Pop()
-	}, func(r result) {})
+	}, nil)
 }
 
 func TestZeroImage(t *testing.T) {
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ func TestImageRGBA_ScaleLinear(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
 		w := newWindow(t, 128, 128)
 		defer clip.Rect{Max: image.Pt(128, 128)}.Push(o).Pop()
-		op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(64, 64))).Add(o)
+		op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(64, 64))).Add(o)
 
 		im := image.NewRGBA(image.Rect(0, 0, 2, 2))
 		im.Set(0, 0, colornames.Red)
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ func TestImageRGBA_ScaleLinear(t *testing.T) {
 func TestImageRGBA_ScaleNearest(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
 		w := newWindow(t, 128, 128)
-		op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(64, 64))).Add(o)
+		op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(64, 64))).Add(o)
 
 		im := image.NewRGBA(image.Rect(0, 0, 2, 2))
 		im.Set(0, 0, colornames.Red)
@@ -492,8 +492,7 @@ func TestOpacity(t *testing.T) {
 		opc3 := paint.PushOpacity(ops, .6)
 		paint.FillShape(ops, color.NRGBA{B: 255, A: 255}, clip.Ellipse(image.Rectangle{Min: image.Pt(20+20, 10), Max: image.Pt(50+64, 128)}).Op(ops))
 		opc3.Pop()
-	}, func(r result) {
-	})
+	}, nil)
 }
 
 // lerp calculates linear interpolation with color b and p.

gpu/internal/rendertest/transform_test.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func TestPaintOffset(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestPaintRotate(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), -math.Pi/8)
+		a := f32.AffineId().Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), -math.Pi/8)
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.FillShape(o, red, clip.Rect(image.Rect(20, 20, 60, 60)).Op())
 	}, func(r result) {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func TestPaintRotate(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestPaintShear(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Shear(f32.Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0)
+		a := f32.AffineId().Shear(f32.Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0)
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.FillShape(o, red, clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 40, 40)).Op())
 	}, func(r result) {
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func TestClipOffset(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestClipScale(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(2, 2)).Offset(f32.Pt(10, 10))
+		a := f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(2, 2)).Offset(f32.Pt(10, 10))
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(10, 10, 20, 20)}.Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.FillShape(o, red, clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 1000, 1000)).Op())
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func TestClipScale(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestClipRotate(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
-		defer op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), -math.Pi/4)).Push(o).Pop()
+		defer op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), -math.Pi/4)).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(30, 30, 50, 50)}.Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.FillShape(o, red, clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 40, 100, 100)).Op())
 	}, func(r result) {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func TestOffsetScaleTexture(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
 		defer op.Offset(image.Pt(15, 15)).Push(o).Pop()
 		squares.Add(o)
-		defer op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(2, 1))).Push(o).Pop()
+		defer op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(2, 1))).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer scale(50.0/512, 50.0/512).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
 	}, func(r result) {
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func TestOffsetScaleTexture(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRotateTexture(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
 		squares.Add(o)
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Pt(30, 30)).Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), math.Pi/4)
+		a := f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(30, 30)).Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), math.Pi/4)
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer scale(20.0/512, 20.0/512).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
@@ -146,10 +146,10 @@ func TestRotateTexture(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRotateClipTexture(t *testing.T) {
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
 		squares.Add(o)
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), math.Pi/8)
+		a := f32.AffineId().Rotate(f32.Pt(40, 40), math.Pi/8)
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(30, 30, 50, 50)}.Push(o).Pop()
-		defer op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Pt(10, 10))).Push(o).Pop()
+		defer op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(10, 10))).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer scale(60.0/512, 60.0/512).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.PaintOp{}.Add(o)
 	}, func(r result) {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ func TestComplicatedTransform(t *testing.T) {
 
 		defer clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(0, 0, 100, 100), SE: 50, SW: 50, NW: 50, NE: 50}.Push(o).Pop()
 
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Shear(f32.Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0)
+		a := f32.AffineId().Shear(f32.Point{}, math.Pi/4, 0)
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 		defer clip.RRect{Rect: image.Rect(0, 0, 50, 40)}.Push(o).Pop()
 
@@ -182,13 +182,13 @@ func TestComplicatedTransform(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTransformOrder(t *testing.T) {
 	// check the ordering of operations bot in affine and in gpu stack.
 	run(t, func(o *op.Ops) {
-		a := f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Pt(64, 64))
+		a := f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(64, 64))
 		defer op.Affine(a).Push(o).Pop()
 
-		b := f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(8, 8))
+		b := f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(8, 8))
 		defer op.Affine(b).Push(o).Pop()
 
-		c := f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Pt(-10, -10)).Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(0.5, 0.5))
+		c := f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Pt(-10, -10)).Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(0.5, 0.5))
 		defer op.Affine(c).Push(o).Pop()
 		paint.FillShape(o, red, clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 20, 20)).Op())
 	}, func(r result) {

gpu/internal/rendertest/util_test.go

@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ func buildSquares(size int) paint.ImageOp {
 	sub := size / 4
 	im := image.NewNRGBA(image.Rect(0, 0, size, size))
 	c1, c2 := image.NewUniform(colornames.Green), image.NewUniform(colornames.Blue)
-	for r := 0; r < 4; r++ {
-		for c := 0; c < 4; c++ {
+	for r := range 4 {
+		for c := range 4 {
 			c1, c2 = c2, c1
 			draw.Draw(im, image.Rect(r*sub, c*sub, r*sub+sub, c*sub+sub), c1, image.Point{}, draw.Over)
 		}
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func run(t *testing.T, f func(o *op.Ops), c func(r result)) {
 	var img *image.RGBA
 	var err error
 	ops := new(op.Ops)
-	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+	for i := range 3 {
 		ops.Reset()
 		img, err = drawImage(t, 128, ops, f)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -90,7 +90,9 @@ func run(t *testing.T, f func(o *op.Ops), c func(r result)) {
 			name := fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d-bad.png", t.Name(), i)
 			saveImage(t, name, img)
 		}
-		c(result{t: t, img: img})
+		if c != nil {
+			c(result{t: t, img: img})
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -151,7 +153,7 @@ func verifyRef(t *testing.T, img *image.RGBA, frame int) (ok bool) {
 	}
 	path = filepath.Join("refs", path+".png")
 	if *dumpImages {
-		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0766); err != nil {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0o766); err != nil {
 			if !os.IsExist(err) {
 				t.Error(err)
 				return
@@ -285,7 +287,7 @@ func saveImage(t testing.TB, file string, img *image.RGBA) {
 		t.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(file, buf.Bytes(), 0666); err != nil {
+	if err := os.WriteFile(file, buf.Bytes(), 0o666); err != nil {
 		t.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -300,5 +302,5 @@ func newWindow(t testing.TB, width, height int) *headless.Window {
 }
 
 func scale(sx, sy float32) op.TransformOp {
-	return op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(sx, sy)))
+	return op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Pt(sx, sy)))
 }

gpu/internal/vulkan/vulkan.go

@@ -862,8 +862,8 @@ func (b *Backend) BindUniforms(buffer driver.Buffer) {
 	buf := buffer.(*Buffer)
 	cmdBuf := b.currentCmdBuf()
 	for _, s := range b.pipe.pushRanges {
-		off := s.Offset()
-		vk.CmdPushConstants(cmdBuf, b.pipe.desc.layout, s.StageFlags(), off, buf.store[off:off+s.Size()])
+		off := vk.PushConstantRangeOffset(s)
+		vk.CmdPushConstants(cmdBuf, b.pipe.desc.layout, vk.PushConstantRangeStageFlags(s), off, buf.store[off:off+vk.PushConstantRangeSize(s)])
 	}
 }
 

gpu/pack_test.go

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ import (
 func BenchmarkPacker(b *testing.B) {
 	var p packer
 	p.maxDims = image.Point{X: 4096, Y: 4096}
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for i := 0; b.Loop(); i++ {
 		p.clear()
 		p.newPage()
-		for k := 0; k < 500; k++ {
+		for k := range 500 {
 			_, ok := p.tryAdd(xy(k))
 			if !ok {
 				b.Fatal("add failed", i, k, xy(k))

gpu/path.go

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func newCoverer(ctx driver.Device) *coverer {
 	c.texUniforms = new(coverTexUniforms)
 	c.linearGradientUniforms = new(coverLinearGradientUniforms)
 	pipelines, err := createColorPrograms(ctx, gio.Shader_cover_vert, gio.Shader_cover_frag,
-		[3]interface{}{c.colUniforms, c.linearGradientUniforms, c.texUniforms},
+		[3]any{c.colUniforms, c.linearGradientUniforms, c.texUniforms},
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func newCoverer(ctx driver.Device) *coverer {
 func newStenciler(ctx driver.Device) *stenciler {
 	// Allocate a suitably large index buffer for drawing paths.
 	indices := make([]uint16, pathBatchSize*6)
-	for i := 0; i < pathBatchSize; i++ {
+	for i := range pathBatchSize {
 		i := uint16(i)
 		indices[i*6+0] = i*4 + 0
 		indices[i*6+1] = i*4 + 1
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ func (p *pather) begin(sizes []image.Point) {
 	p.stenciler.begin(sizes)
 }
 
-func (p *pather) stencilPath(bounds image.Rectangle, offset f32.Point, uv image.Point, data pathData) {
+func (p *pather) stencilPath(bounds image.Rectangle, offset image.Point, uv image.Point, data pathData) {
 	p.stenciler.stencilPath(bounds, offset, uv, data)
 }
 
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ func (s *stenciler) begin(sizes []image.Point) {
 	s.fbos.resize(s.ctx, driver.TextureFormatFloat, sizes)
 }
 
-func (s *stenciler) stencilPath(bounds image.Rectangle, offset f32.Point, uv image.Point, data pathData) {
+func (s *stenciler) stencilPath(bounds image.Rectangle, offset image.Point, uv image.Point, data pathData) {
 	s.ctx.Viewport(uv.X, uv.Y, bounds.Dx(), bounds.Dy())
 	// Transform UI coordinates to OpenGL coordinates.
 	texSize := f32.Point{X: float32(bounds.Dx()), Y: float32(bounds.Dy())}
 	scale := f32.Point{X: 2 / texSize.X, Y: 2 / texSize.Y}
 	orig := f32.Point{X: -1 - float32(bounds.Min.X)*2/texSize.X, Y: -1 - float32(bounds.Min.Y)*2/texSize.Y}
 	s.pipeline.uniforms.transform = [4]float32{scale.X, scale.Y, orig.X, orig.Y}
-	s.pipeline.uniforms.pathOffset = [2]float32{offset.X, offset.Y}
+	s.pipeline.uniforms.pathOffset = [2]float32{float32(offset.X), float32(offset.Y)}
 	s.pipeline.pipeline.UploadUniforms(s.ctx)
 	// Draw in batches that fit in uint16 indices.
 	start := 0

internal/byteslice/byteslice.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // Struct returns a byte slice view of a struct.
-func Struct(s interface{}) []byte {
+func Struct(s any) []byte {
 	v := reflect.ValueOf(s)
 	sz := int(v.Elem().Type().Size())
 	return unsafe.Slice((*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Pointer())), sz)
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func Uint32(s []uint32) []byte {
 }
 
 // Slice returns a byte slice view of a slice.
-func Slice(s interface{}) []byte {
+func Slice(s any) []byte {
 	v := reflect.ValueOf(s)
 	first := v.Index(0)
 	sz := int(first.Type().Size())

internal/egl/egl.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"runtime"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 
 	"gioui.org/gpu"
@@ -154,12 +155,7 @@ func (c *Context) EnableVSync(enable bool) {
 }
 
 func hasExtension(exts []string, ext string) bool {
-	for _, e := range exts {
-		if ext == e {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
+	return slices.Contains(exts, ext)
 }
 
 func createContext(disp _EGLDisplay) (*eglContext, error) {

internal/egl/egl_windows.go

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"
 
 	syscall "golang.org/x/sys/windows"
-
-	"gioui.org/internal/gl"
 )
 
 type (
@@ -24,23 +22,23 @@ type (
 )
 
 var (
-	libEGL                  = syscall.NewLazyDLL("libEGL.dll")
-	_eglChooseConfig        = libEGL.NewProc("eglChooseConfig")
-	_eglCreateContext       = libEGL.NewProc("eglCreateContext")
-	_eglCreateWindowSurface = libEGL.NewProc("eglCreateWindowSurface")
-	_eglDestroyContext      = libEGL.NewProc("eglDestroyContext")
-	_eglDestroySurface      = libEGL.NewProc("eglDestroySurface")
-	_eglGetConfigAttrib     = libEGL.NewProc("eglGetConfigAttrib")
-	_eglGetDisplay          = libEGL.NewProc("eglGetDisplay")
-	_eglGetError            = libEGL.NewProc("eglGetError")
-	_eglInitialize          = libEGL.NewProc("eglInitialize")
-	_eglMakeCurrent         = libEGL.NewProc("eglMakeCurrent")
-	_eglReleaseThread       = libEGL.NewProc("eglReleaseThread")
-	_eglSwapInterval        = libEGL.NewProc("eglSwapInterval")
-	_eglSwapBuffers         = libEGL.NewProc("eglSwapBuffers")
-	_eglTerminate           = libEGL.NewProc("eglTerminate")
-	_eglQueryString         = libEGL.NewProc("eglQueryString")
-	_eglWaitClient          = libEGL.NewProc("eglWaitClient")
+	libEGL                  = syscall.DLL{}
+	_eglChooseConfig        *syscall.Proc
+	_eglCreateContext       *syscall.Proc
+	_eglCreateWindowSurface *syscall.Proc
+	_eglDestroyContext      *syscall.Proc
+	_eglDestroySurface      *syscall.Proc
+	_eglGetConfigAttrib     *syscall.Proc
+	_eglGetDisplay          *syscall.Proc
+	_eglGetError            *syscall.Proc
+	_eglInitialize          *syscall.Proc
+	_eglMakeCurrent         *syscall.Proc
+	_eglReleaseThread       *syscall.Proc
+	_eglSwapInterval        *syscall.Proc
+	_eglSwapBuffers         *syscall.Proc
+	_eglTerminate           *syscall.Proc
+	_eglQueryString         *syscall.Proc
+	_eglWaitClient          *syscall.Proc
 )
 
 var loadOnce sync.Once
@@ -54,21 +52,45 @@ func loadEGL() error {
 }
 
 func loadDLLs() error {
-	if err := loadDLL(libEGL, "libEGL.dll"); err != nil {
+	if err := loadDLL(&libEGL, "libEGL.dll"); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := loadDLL(gl.LibGLESv2, "libGLESv2.dll"); err != nil {
-		return err
+
+	procs := map[string]**syscall.Proc{
+		"eglChooseConfig":        &_eglChooseConfig,
+		"eglCreateContext":       &_eglCreateContext,
+		"eglCreateWindowSurface": &_eglCreateWindowSurface,
+		"eglDestroyContext":      &_eglDestroyContext,
+		"eglDestroySurface":      &_eglDestroySurface,
+		"eglGetConfigAttrib":     &_eglGetConfigAttrib,
+		"eglGetDisplay":          &_eglGetDisplay,
+		"eglGetError":            &_eglGetError,
+		"eglInitialize":          &_eglInitialize,
+		"eglMakeCurrent":         &_eglMakeCurrent,
+		"eglReleaseThread":       &_eglReleaseThread,
+		"eglSwapInterval":        &_eglSwapInterval,
+		"eglSwapBuffers":         &_eglSwapBuffers,
+		"eglTerminate":           &_eglTerminate,
+		"eglQueryString":         &_eglQueryString,
+		"eglWaitClient":          &_eglWaitClient,
 	}
-	// d3dcompiler_47.dll is needed internally for shader compilation to function.
-	return loadDLL(syscall.NewLazyDLL("d3dcompiler_47.dll"), "d3dcompiler_47.dll")
+	for name, proc := range procs {
+		p, err := libEGL.FindProc(name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to locate %s in %s: %w", name, libEGL.Name, err)
+		}
+		*proc = p
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
-func loadDLL(dll *syscall.LazyDLL, name string) error {
-	err := dll.Load()
+func loadDLL(dll *syscall.DLL, name string) error {
+	handle, err := syscall.LoadLibraryEx(name, 0, syscall.LOAD_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DEFAULT_DIRS)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("egl: failed to load %s: %v", name, err)
 	}
+	dll.Handle = handle
+	dll.Name = name
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -164,6 +186,6 @@ func eglWaitClient() bool {
 
 // issue34474KeepAlive calls runtime.KeepAlive as a
 // workaround for golang.org/issue/34474.
-func issue34474KeepAlive(v interface{}) {
+func issue34474KeepAlive(v any) {
 	runtime.KeepAlive(v)
 }

internal/f32/f32.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ type Affine2D = f32.Affine2D
 
 var NewAffine2D = f32.NewAffine2D
 
+var AffineId = f32.AffineId
+
 // A Rectangle contains the points (X, Y) where Min.X <= X < Max.X,
 // Min.Y <= Y < Max.Y.
 type Rectangle struct {

internal/f32color/f32colorgen/main.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func main() {
 	flag.Parse()
 
 	var b bytes.Buffer
-	printf := func(content string, args ...interface{}) {
+	printf := func(content string, args ...any) {
 		fmt.Fprintf(&b, content, args...)
 	}
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func main() {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 
-	err = os.WriteFile(*out, data, 0755)
+	err = os.WriteFile(*out, data, 0o755)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}

internal/f32color/rgba_test.go

@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ var sink RGBA
 
 func BenchmarkLinearFromSRGB(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("opaque", func(b *testing.B) {
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for i := 0; b.Loop(); i++ {
 			sink = LinearFromSRGB(color.NRGBA{R: byte(i), G: byte(i >> 8), B: byte(i >> 16), A: 0xFF})
 		}
 	})
 	b.Run("translucent", func(b *testing.B) {
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for i := 0; b.Loop(); i++ {
 			sink = LinearFromSRGB(color.NRGBA{R: byte(i), G: byte(i >> 8), B: byte(i >> 16), A: 0x50})
 		}
 	})
 	b.Run("transparent", func(b *testing.B) {
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for i := 0; b.Loop(); i++ {
 			sink = LinearFromSRGB(color.NRGBA{R: byte(i), G: byte(i >> 8), B: byte(i >> 16), A: 0x00})
 		}
 	})

internal/fling/extrapolation.go

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func (e *Extrapolation) Estimate() Estimate {
 	first := e.get(0)
 	t := first.t
 	// Walk backwards collecting samples.
-	for i := 0; i < len(e.samples); i++ {
+	for i := range e.samples {
 		p := e.get(-i)
 		age := first.t - p.t
 		if age >= maxAge || t-p.t >= maxSampleGap {
@@ -172,9 +172,9 @@ func decomposeQR(A *matrix) (*matrix, *matrix, bool) {
 	// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram%E2%80%93Schmidt_process
 	Q := newMatrix(A.rows, A.cols)  // Column-major.
 	Rt := newMatrix(A.rows, A.rows) // R transposed, row-major.
-	for i := 0; i < Q.rows; i++ {
+	for i := range Q.rows {
 		// Copy A column.
-		for j := 0; j < Q.cols; j++ {
+		for j := range Q.cols {
 			Q.set(i, j, A.get(i, j))
 		}
 		// Subtract projections. Note that int the projection
@@ -184,9 +184,9 @@ func decomposeQR(A *matrix) (*matrix, *matrix, bool) {
 		// the normalized column e replaces u, where <e, e> = 1:
 		//
 		// proje a = <e, a>/<e, e> e = <e, a> e
-		for j := 0; j < i; j++ {
+		for j := range i {
 			d := dot(Q.col(j), Q.col(i))
-			for k := 0; k < Q.cols; k++ {
+			for k := range Q.cols {
 				Q.set(i, k, Q.get(i, k)-d*Q.get(j, k))
 			}
 		}
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ func decomposeQR(A *matrix) (*matrix, *matrix, bool) {
 			return nil, nil, false
 		}
 		invNorm := 1 / n
-		for j := 0; j < Q.cols; j++ {
+		for j := range Q.cols {
 			Q.set(i, j, Q.get(i, j)*invNorm)
 		}
 		// Update Rt.
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@ func (m *matrix) approxEqual(m2 *matrix) bool {
 		return false
 	}
 	const epsilon = 0.00001
-	for row := 0; row < m.rows; row++ {
-		for col := 0; col < m.cols; col++ {
+	for row := range m.rows {
+		for col := range m.cols {
 			d := m2.get(row, col) - m.get(row, col)
 			if d < -epsilon || d > epsilon {
 				return false
@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@ func (m *matrix) transpose() *matrix {
 		cols: m.rows,
 		data: make([]float32, len(m.data)),
 	}
-	for i := 0; i < m.rows; i++ {
-		for j := 0; j < m.cols; j++ {
+	for i := range m.rows {
+		for j := range m.cols {
 			t.set(j, i, m.get(i, j))
 		}
 	}
@@ -295,10 +295,10 @@ func (m *matrix) mul(m2 *matrix) *matrix {
 		cols: m2.cols,
 		data: make([]float32, m.rows*m2.cols),
 	}
-	for i := 0; i < mm.rows; i++ {
-		for j := 0; j < mm.cols; j++ {
+	for i := range mm.rows {
+		for j := range mm.cols {
 			var v float32
-			for k := 0; k < m.rows; k++ {
+			for k := range m.rows {
 				v += m.get(k, j) * m2.get(i, k)
 			}
 			mm.set(i, j, v)
@@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ func (m *matrix) mul(m2 *matrix) *matrix {
 
 func (m *matrix) String() string {
 	var b strings.Builder
-	for i := 0; i < m.rows; i++ {
-		for j := 0; j < m.cols; j++ {
+	for i := range m.rows {
+		for j := range m.cols {
 			v := m.get(i, j)
 			b.WriteString(strconv.FormatFloat(float64(v), 'g', -1, 32))
 			b.WriteString(", ")

internal/gl/gl_js.go

@@ -247,9 +247,11 @@ func (f *Functions) getExtension(name string) js.Value {
 func (f *Functions) ActiveTexture(t Enum) {
 	f._activeTexture.Invoke(int(t))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) AttachShader(p Program, s Shader) {
 	f._attachShader.Invoke(js.Value(p), js.Value(s))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BeginQuery(target Enum, query Query) {
 	if !f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2.IsNull() {
 		f._beginQuery.Invoke(int(target), js.Value(query))
@@ -257,36 +259,47 @@ func (f *Functions) BeginQuery(target Enum, query Query) {
 		f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query.Call("beginQueryEXT", int(target), js.Value(query))
 	}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindAttribLocation(p Program, a Attrib, name string) {
 	f._bindAttribLocation.Invoke(js.Value(p), int(a), name)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindBuffer(target Enum, b Buffer) {
 	f._bindBuffer.Invoke(int(target), js.Value(b))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindBufferBase(target Enum, index int, b Buffer) {
 	f._bindBufferBase.Invoke(int(target), index, js.Value(b))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindFramebuffer(target Enum, fb Framebuffer) {
 	f._bindFramebuffer.Invoke(int(target), js.Value(fb))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindRenderbuffer(target Enum, rb Renderbuffer) {
 	f._bindRenderbuffer.Invoke(int(target), js.Value(rb))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindTexture(target Enum, t Texture) {
 	f._bindTexture.Invoke(int(target), js.Value(t))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindImageTexture(unit int, t Texture, level int, layered bool, layer int, access, format Enum) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindVertexArray(a VertexArray) {
 	panic("not supported")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BlendEquation(mode Enum) {
 	f._blendEquation.Invoke(int(mode))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BlendFuncSeparate(srcRGB, dstRGB, srcA, dstA Enum) {
 	f._blendFunc.Invoke(int(srcRGB), int(dstRGB), int(srcA), int(dstA))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BufferData(target Enum, size int, usage Enum, data []byte) {
 	if data == nil {
 		f._bufferData.Invoke(int(target), size, int(usage))
@@ -297,9 +310,11 @@ func (f *Functions) BufferData(target Enum, size int, usage Enum, data []byte) {
 		f._bufferData.Invoke(int(target), f.byteArrayOf(data), int(usage))
 	}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BufferSubData(target Enum, offset int, src []byte) {
 	f._bufferSubData.Invoke(int(target), offset, f.byteArrayOf(src))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CheckFramebufferStatus(target Enum) Enum {
 	status := Enum(f._checkFramebufferStatus.Invoke(int(target)).Int())
 	if status != FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE && f.Ctx.Call("isContextLost").Bool() {
@@ -308,54 +323,71 @@ func (f *Functions) CheckFramebufferStatus(target Enum) Enum {
 	}
 	return status
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Clear(mask Enum) {
 	f._clear.Invoke(int(mask))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) ClearColor(red, green, blue, alpha float32) {
 	f._clearColor.Invoke(red, green, blue, alpha)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) ClearDepthf(d float32) {
 	f._clearDepth.Invoke(d)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CompileShader(s Shader) {
 	f._compileShader.Invoke(js.Value(s))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CopyTexSubImage2D(target Enum, level, xoffset, yoffset, x, y, width, height int) {
 	f._copyTexSubImage2D.Invoke(int(target), level, xoffset, yoffset, x, y, width, height)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateBuffer() Buffer {
 	return Buffer(f._createBuffer.Invoke())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateFramebuffer() Framebuffer {
 	return Framebuffer(f._createFramebuffer.Invoke())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateProgram() Program {
 	return Program(f._createProgram.Invoke())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateQuery() Query {
 	return Query(f._createQuery.Invoke())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateRenderbuffer() Renderbuffer {
 	return Renderbuffer(f._createRenderbuffer.Invoke())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateShader(ty Enum) Shader {
 	return Shader(f._createShader.Invoke(int(ty)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateTexture() Texture {
 	return Texture(f._createTexture.Invoke())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateVertexArray() VertexArray {
 	panic("not supported")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteBuffer(v Buffer) {
 	f._deleteBuffer.Invoke(js.Value(v))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteFramebuffer(v Framebuffer) {
 	f._deleteFramebuffer.Invoke(js.Value(v))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteProgram(p Program) {
 	f._deleteProgram.Invoke(js.Value(p))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteQuery(query Query) {
 	if !f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2.IsNull() {
 		f._deleteQuery.Invoke(js.Value(query))
@@ -363,45 +395,59 @@ func (f *Functions) DeleteQuery(query Query) {
 		f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query.Call("deleteQueryEXT", js.Value(query))
 	}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteShader(s Shader) {
 	f._deleteShader.Invoke(js.Value(s))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteRenderbuffer(v Renderbuffer) {
 	f._deleteRenderbuffer.Invoke(js.Value(v))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteTexture(v Texture) {
 	f._deleteTexture.Invoke(js.Value(v))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteVertexArray(a VertexArray) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DepthFunc(fn Enum) {
 	f._depthFunc.Invoke(int(fn))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DepthMask(mask bool) {
 	f._depthMask.Invoke(mask)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DisableVertexAttribArray(a Attrib) {
 	f._disableVertexAttribArray.Invoke(int(a))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Disable(cap Enum) {
 	f._disable.Invoke(int(cap))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DrawArrays(mode Enum, first, count int) {
 	f._drawArrays.Invoke(int(mode), first, count)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DrawElements(mode Enum, count int, ty Enum, offset int) {
 	f._drawElements.Invoke(int(mode), count, int(ty), offset)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DispatchCompute(x, y, z int) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Enable(cap Enum) {
 	f._enable.Invoke(int(cap))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) EnableVertexAttribArray(a Attrib) {
 	f._enableVertexAttribArray.Invoke(int(a))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) EndQuery(target Enum) {
 	if !f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2.IsNull() {
 		f._endQuery.Invoke(int(target))
@@ -409,28 +455,36 @@ func (f *Functions) EndQuery(target Enum) {
 		f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query.Call("endQueryEXT", int(target))
 	}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Finish() {
 	f._finish.Invoke()
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Flush() {
 	f._flush.Invoke()
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) FramebufferRenderbuffer(target, attachment, renderbuffertarget Enum, renderbuffer Renderbuffer) {
 	f._framebufferRenderbuffer.Invoke(int(target), int(attachment), int(renderbuffertarget), js.Value(renderbuffer))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) FramebufferTexture2D(target, attachment, texTarget Enum, t Texture, level int) {
 	f._framebufferTexture2D.Invoke(int(target), int(attachment), int(texTarget), js.Value(t), level)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GenerateMipmap(target Enum) {
 	f._generateMipmap.Invoke(int(target))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetError() Enum {
 	// Avoid slow getError calls. See gio#179.
 	return 0
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetRenderbufferParameteri(target, pname Enum) int {
 	return paramVal(f._getRenderbufferParameteri.Invoke(int(pname)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetFramebufferAttachmentParameteri(target, attachment, pname Enum) int {
 	if !f.isWebGL2 && pname == FRAMEBUFFER_ATTACHMENT_COLOR_ENCODING {
 		// FRAMEBUFFER_ATTACHMENT_COLOR_ENCODING is only available on WebGL 2
@@ -438,6 +492,7 @@ func (f *Functions) GetFramebufferAttachmentParameteri(target, attachment, pname
 	}
 	return paramVal(f._getFramebufferAttachmentParameter.Invoke(int(target), int(attachment), int(pname)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetBinding(pname Enum) Object {
 	obj := f._getParameter.Invoke(int(pname))
 	if !obj.Truthy() {
@@ -445,6 +500,7 @@ func (f *Functions) GetBinding(pname Enum) Object {
 	}
 	return Object(obj)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetBindingi(pname Enum, idx int) Object {
 	obj := f._getIndexedParameter.Invoke(int(pname), idx)
 	if !obj.Truthy() {
@@ -452,6 +508,7 @@ func (f *Functions) GetBindingi(pname Enum, idx int) Object {
 	}
 	return Object(obj)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetInteger(pname Enum) int {
 	if !f.isWebGL2 {
 		switch pname {
@@ -461,9 +518,11 @@ func (f *Functions) GetInteger(pname Enum) int {
 	}
 	return paramVal(f._getParameter.Invoke(int(pname)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetFloat(pname Enum) float32 {
 	return float32(f._getParameter.Invoke(int(pname)).Float())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetInteger4(pname Enum) [4]int {
 	arr := f._getParameter.Invoke(int(pname))
 	var res [4]int
@@ -472,6 +531,7 @@ func (f *Functions) GetInteger4(pname Enum) [4]int {
 	}
 	return res
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetFloat4(pname Enum) [4]float32 {
 	arr := f._getParameter.Invoke(int(pname))
 	var res [4]float32
@@ -480,12 +540,15 @@ func (f *Functions) GetFloat4(pname Enum) [4]float32 {
 	}
 	return res
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetProgrami(p Program, pname Enum) int {
 	return paramVal(f._getProgramParameter.Invoke(js.Value(p), int(pname)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetProgramInfoLog(p Program) string {
 	return f._getProgramInfoLog.Invoke(js.Value(p)).String()
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetQueryObjectuiv(query Query, pname Enum) uint {
 	if !f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query_webgl2.IsNull() {
 		return uint(paramVal(f._getQueryParameter.Invoke(js.Value(query), int(pname))))
@@ -493,12 +556,15 @@ func (f *Functions) GetQueryObjectuiv(query Query, pname Enum) uint {
 		return uint(paramVal(f.EXT_disjoint_timer_query.Call("getQueryObjectEXT", js.Value(query), int(pname))))
 	}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetShaderi(s Shader, pname Enum) int {
 	return paramVal(f._getShaderParameter.Invoke(js.Value(s), int(pname)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetShaderInfoLog(s Shader) string {
 	return f._getShaderInfoLog.Invoke(js.Value(s)).String()
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetString(pname Enum) string {
 	switch pname {
 	case EXTENSIONS:
@@ -512,15 +578,19 @@ func (f *Functions) GetString(pname Enum) string {
 		return f._getParameter.Invoke(int(pname)).String()
 	}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetUniformBlockIndex(p Program, name string) uint {
 	return uint(paramVal(f._getUniformBlockIndex.Invoke(js.Value(p), name)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetUniformLocation(p Program, name string) Uniform {
 	return Uniform(f._getUniformLocation.Invoke(js.Value(p), name))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetVertexAttrib(index int, pname Enum) int {
 	return paramVal(f._getVertexAttrib.Invoke(index, int(pname)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetVertexAttribBinding(index int, pname Enum) Object {
 	obj := f._getVertexAttrib.Invoke(index, int(pname))
 	if !obj.Truthy() {
@@ -528,9 +598,11 @@ func (f *Functions) GetVertexAttribBinding(index int, pname Enum) Object {
 	}
 	return Object(obj)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetVertexAttribPointer(index int, pname Enum) uintptr {
 	return uintptr(f._getVertexAttribOffset.Invoke(index, int(pname)).Int())
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) InvalidateFramebuffer(target, attachment Enum) {
 	fn := f.Ctx.Get("invalidateFramebuffer")
 	if !fn.IsUndefined() {
@@ -541,74 +613,97 @@ func (f *Functions) InvalidateFramebuffer(target, attachment Enum) {
 		f._invalidateFramebuffer.Invoke(int(target), f.int32Buf)
 	}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) IsEnabled(cap Enum) bool {
 	return f._isEnabled.Invoke(int(cap)).Truthy()
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) LinkProgram(p Program) {
 	f._linkProgram.Invoke(js.Value(p))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) PixelStorei(pname Enum, param int) {
 	f._pixelStorei.Invoke(int(pname), param)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) MemoryBarrier(barriers Enum) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) MapBufferRange(target Enum, offset, length int, access Enum) []byte {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) RenderbufferStorage(target, internalformat Enum, width, height int) {
 	f._renderbufferStorage.Invoke(int(target), int(internalformat), width, height)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) ReadPixels(x, y, width, height int, format, ty Enum, data []byte) {
 	ba := f.byteArrayOf(data)
 	f._readPixels.Invoke(x, y, width, height, int(format), int(ty), ba)
 	js.CopyBytesToGo(data, ba)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Scissor(x, y, width, height int32) {
 	f._scissor.Invoke(x, y, width, height)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) ShaderSource(s Shader, src string) {
 	f._shaderSource.Invoke(js.Value(s), src)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) TexImage2D(target Enum, level int, internalFormat Enum, width, height int, format, ty Enum) {
 	f._texImage2D.Invoke(int(target), int(level), int(internalFormat), int(width), int(height), 0, int(format), int(ty), nil)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) TexStorage2D(target Enum, levels int, internalFormat Enum, width, height int) {
 	f._texStorage2D.Invoke(int(target), levels, int(internalFormat), width, height)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) TexSubImage2D(target Enum, level int, x, y, width, height int, format, ty Enum, data []byte) {
 	f._texSubImage2D.Invoke(int(target), level, x, y, width, height, int(format), int(ty), f.byteArrayOf(data))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) TexParameteri(target, pname Enum, param int) {
 	f._texParameteri.Invoke(int(target), int(pname), int(param))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) UniformBlockBinding(p Program, uniformBlockIndex uint, uniformBlockBinding uint) {
 	f._uniformBlockBinding.Invoke(js.Value(p), int(uniformBlockIndex), int(uniformBlockBinding))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Uniform1f(dst Uniform, v float32) {
 	f._uniform1f.Invoke(js.Value(dst), v)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Uniform1i(dst Uniform, v int) {
 	f._uniform1i.Invoke(js.Value(dst), v)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Uniform2f(dst Uniform, v0, v1 float32) {
 	f._uniform2f.Invoke(js.Value(dst), v0, v1)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Uniform3f(dst Uniform, v0, v1, v2 float32) {
 	f._uniform3f.Invoke(js.Value(dst), v0, v1, v2)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Uniform4f(dst Uniform, v0, v1, v2, v3 float32) {
 	f._uniform4f.Invoke(js.Value(dst), v0, v1, v2, v3)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) UseProgram(p Program) {
 	f._useProgram.Invoke(js.Value(p))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) UnmapBuffer(target Enum) bool {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) VertexAttribPointer(dst Attrib, size int, ty Enum, normalized bool, stride, offset int) {
 	f._vertexAttribPointer.Invoke(int(dst), size, int(ty), normalized, stride, offset)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) Viewport(x, y, width, height int) {
 	f._viewport.Invoke(x, y, width, height)
 }

internal/gl/gl_windows.go

@@ -3,103 +3,217 @@
 package gl
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"math"
 	"runtime"
+	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
 )
 
+func loadGLESv2Procs() error {
+	dllName := "libGLESv2.dll"
+	handle, err := windows.LoadLibraryEx(dllName, 0, windows.LOAD_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DEFAULT_DIRS)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("gl: failed to load %s: %v", dllName, err)
+	}
+	gles := windows.DLL{Handle: handle, Name: dllName}
+	// d3dcompiler_47.dll is needed internally for shader compilation to function.
+	dllName = "d3dcompiler_47.dll"
+	_, err = windows.LoadLibraryEx(dllName, 0, windows.LOAD_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DEFAULT_DIRS)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("gl: failed to load %s: %v", dllName, err)
+	}
+	procs := map[string]**windows.Proc{
+		"glActiveTexture":                       &_glActiveTexture,
+		"glAttachShader":                        &_glAttachShader,
+		"glBeginQuery":                          &_glBeginQuery,
+		"glBindAttribLocation":                  &_glBindAttribLocation,
+		"glBindBuffer":                          &_glBindBuffer,
+		"glBindBufferBase":                      &_glBindBufferBase,
+		"glBindFramebuffer":                     &_glBindFramebuffer,
+		"glBindRenderbuffer":                    &_glBindRenderbuffer,
+		"glBindTexture":                         &_glBindTexture,
+		"glBindVertexArray":                     &_glBindVertexArray,
+		"glBlendEquation":                       &_glBlendEquation,
+		"glBlendFuncSeparate":                   &_glBlendFuncSeparate,
+		"glBufferData":                          &_glBufferData,
+		"glBufferSubData":                       &_glBufferSubData,
+		"glCheckFramebufferStatus":              &_glCheckFramebufferStatus,
+		"glClear":                               &_glClear,
+		"glClearColor":                          &_glClearColor,
+		"glClearDepthf":                         &_glClearDepthf,
+		"glDeleteQueries":                       &_glDeleteQueries,
+		"glDeleteVertexArrays":                  &_glDeleteVertexArrays,
+		"glCompileShader":                       &_glCompileShader,
+		"glCopyTexSubImage2D":                   &_glCopyTexSubImage2D,
+		"glGenerateMipmap":                      &_glGenerateMipmap,
+		"glGenBuffers":                          &_glGenBuffers,
+		"glGenFramebuffers":                     &_glGenFramebuffers,
+		"glGenVertexArrays":                     &_glGenVertexArrays,
+		"glGetUniformBlockIndex":                &_glGetUniformBlockIndex,
+		"glCreateProgram":                       &_glCreateProgram,
+		"glGenRenderbuffers":                    &_glGenRenderbuffers,
+		"glCreateShader":                        &_glCreateShader,
+		"glGenTextures":                         &_glGenTextures,
+		"glDeleteBuffers":                       &_glDeleteBuffers,
+		"glDeleteFramebuffers":                  &_glDeleteFramebuffers,
+		"glDeleteProgram":                       &_glDeleteProgram,
+		"glDeleteShader":                        &_glDeleteShader,
+		"glDeleteRenderbuffers":                 &_glDeleteRenderbuffers,
+		"glDeleteTextures":                      &_glDeleteTextures,
+		"glDepthFunc":                           &_glDepthFunc,
+		"glDepthMask":                           &_glDepthMask,
+		"glDisableVertexAttribArray":            &_glDisableVertexAttribArray,
+		"glDisable":                             &_glDisable,
+		"glDrawArrays":                          &_glDrawArrays,
+		"glDrawElements":                        &_glDrawElements,
+		"glEnable":                              &_glEnable,
+		"glEnableVertexAttribArray":             &_glEnableVertexAttribArray,
+		"glEndQuery":                            &_glEndQuery,
+		"glFinish":                              &_glFinish,
+		"glFlush":                               &_glFlush,
+		"glFramebufferRenderbuffer":             &_glFramebufferRenderbuffer,
+		"glFramebufferTexture2D":                &_glFramebufferTexture2D,
+		"glGenQueries":                          &_glGenQueries,
+		"glGetError":                            &_glGetError,
+		"glGetRenderbufferParameteriv":          &_glGetRenderbufferParameteriv,
+		"glGetFloatv":                           &_glGetFloatv,
+		"glGetFramebufferAttachmentParameteriv": &_glGetFramebufferAttachmentParameteriv,
+		"glGetIntegerv":                         &_glGetIntegerv,
+		"glGetIntegeri_v":                       &_glGetIntegeri_v,
+		"glGetProgramiv":                        &_glGetProgramiv,
+		"glGetProgramInfoLog":                   &_glGetProgramInfoLog,
+		"glGetQueryObjectuiv":                   &_glGetQueryObjectuiv,
+		"glGetShaderiv":                         &_glGetShaderiv,
+		"glGetShaderInfoLog":                    &_glGetShaderInfoLog,
+		"glGetString":                           &_glGetString,
+		"glGetUniformLocation":                  &_glGetUniformLocation,
+		"glGetVertexAttribiv":                   &_glGetVertexAttribiv,
+		"glGetVertexAttribPointerv":             &_glGetVertexAttribPointerv,
+		"glInvalidateFramebuffer":               &_glInvalidateFramebuffer,
+		"glIsEnabled":                           &_glIsEnabled,
+		"glLinkProgram":                         &_glLinkProgram,
+		"glPixelStorei":                         &_glPixelStorei,
+		"glReadPixels":                          &_glReadPixels,
+		"glRenderbufferStorage":                 &_glRenderbufferStorage,
+		"glScissor":                             &_glScissor,
+		"glShaderSource":                        &_glShaderSource,
+		"glTexImage2D":                          &_glTexImage2D,
+		"glTexStorage2D":                        &_glTexStorage2D,
+		"glTexSubImage2D":                       &_glTexSubImage2D,
+		"glTexParameteri":                       &_glTexParameteri,
+		"glUniformBlockBinding":                 &_glUniformBlockBinding,
+		"glUniform1f":                           &_glUniform1f,
+		"glUniform1i":                           &_glUniform1i,
+		"glUniform2f":                           &_glUniform2f,
+		"glUniform3f":                           &_glUniform3f,
+		"glUniform4f":                           &_glUniform4f,
+		"glUseProgram":                          &_glUseProgram,
+		"glVertexAttribPointer":                 &_glVertexAttribPointer,
+		"glViewport":                            &_glViewport,
+	}
+	for name, proc := range procs {
+		p, err := gles.FindProc(name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to locate %s in %s: %w", name, gles.Name, err)
+		}
+		*proc = p
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 var (
-	LibGLESv2                              = windows.NewLazyDLL("libGLESv2.dll")
-	_glActiveTexture                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glActiveTexture")
-	_glAttachShader                        = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glAttachShader")
-	_glBeginQuery                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBeginQuery")
-	_glBindAttribLocation                  = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBindAttribLocation")
-	_glBindBuffer                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBindBuffer")
-	_glBindBufferBase                      = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBindBufferBase")
-	_glBindFramebuffer                     = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBindFramebuffer")
-	_glBindRenderbuffer                    = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBindRenderbuffer")
-	_glBindTexture                         = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBindTexture")
-	_glBindVertexArray                     = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBindVertexArray")
-	_glBlendEquation                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBlendEquation")
-	_glBlendFuncSeparate                   = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBlendFuncSeparate")
-	_glBufferData                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBufferData")
-	_glBufferSubData                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glBufferSubData")
-	_glCheckFramebufferStatus              = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glCheckFramebufferStatus")
-	_glClear                               = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glClear")
-	_glClearColor                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glClearColor")
-	_glClearDepthf                         = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glClearDepthf")
-	_glDeleteQueries                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteQueries")
-	_glDeleteVertexArrays                  = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteVertexArrays")
-	_glCompileShader                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glCompileShader")
-	_glCopyTexSubImage2D                   = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glCopyTexSubImage2D")
-	_glGenerateMipmap                      = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGenerateMipmap")
-	_glGenBuffers                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGenBuffers")
-	_glGenFramebuffers                     = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGenFramebuffers")
-	_glGenVertexArrays                     = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGenVertexArrays")
-	_glGetUniformBlockIndex                = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetUniformBlockIndex")
-	_glCreateProgram                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glCreateProgram")
-	_glGenRenderbuffers                    = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGenRenderbuffers")
-	_glCreateShader                        = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glCreateShader")
-	_glGenTextures                         = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGenTextures")
-	_glDeleteBuffers                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteBuffers")
-	_glDeleteFramebuffers                  = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteFramebuffers")
-	_glDeleteProgram                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteProgram")
-	_glDeleteShader                        = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteShader")
-	_glDeleteRenderbuffers                 = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteRenderbuffers")
-	_glDeleteTextures                      = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDeleteTextures")
-	_glDepthFunc                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDepthFunc")
-	_glDepthMask                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDepthMask")
-	_glDisableVertexAttribArray            = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDisableVertexAttribArray")
-	_glDisable                             = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDisable")
-	_glDrawArrays                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDrawArrays")
-	_glDrawElements                        = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glDrawElements")
-	_glEnable                              = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glEnable")
-	_glEnableVertexAttribArray             = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glEnableVertexAttribArray")
-	_glEndQuery                            = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glEndQuery")
-	_glFinish                              = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glFinish")
-	_glFlush                               = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glFlush")
-	_glFramebufferRenderbuffer             = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glFramebufferRenderbuffer")
-	_glFramebufferTexture2D                = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glFramebufferTexture2D")
-	_glGenQueries                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGenQueries")
-	_glGetError                            = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetError")
-	_glGetRenderbufferParameteriv          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetRenderbufferParameteriv")
-	_glGetFloatv                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetFloatv")
-	_glGetFramebufferAttachmentParameteriv = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetFramebufferAttachmentParameteriv")
-	_glGetIntegerv                         = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetIntegerv")
-	_glGetIntegeri_v                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetIntegeri_v")
-	_glGetProgramiv                        = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetProgramiv")
-	_glGetProgramInfoLog                   = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetProgramInfoLog")
-	_glGetQueryObjectuiv                   = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetQueryObjectuiv")
-	_glGetShaderiv                         = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetShaderiv")
-	_glGetShaderInfoLog                    = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetShaderInfoLog")
-	_glGetString                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetString")
-	_glGetUniformLocation                  = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetUniformLocation")
-	_glGetVertexAttribiv                   = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetVertexAttribiv")
-	_glGetVertexAttribPointerv             = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glGetVertexAttribPointerv")
-	_glInvalidateFramebuffer               = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glInvalidateFramebuffer")
-	_glIsEnabled                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glIsEnabled")
-	_glLinkProgram                         = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glLinkProgram")
-	_glPixelStorei                         = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glPixelStorei")
-	_glReadPixels                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glReadPixels")
-	_glRenderbufferStorage                 = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glRenderbufferStorage")
-	_glScissor                             = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glScissor")
-	_glShaderSource                        = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glShaderSource")
-	_glTexImage2D                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glTexImage2D")
-	_glTexStorage2D                        = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glTexStorage2D")
-	_glTexSubImage2D                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glTexSubImage2D")
-	_glTexParameteri                       = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glTexParameteri")
-	_glUniformBlockBinding                 = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glUniformBlockBinding")
-	_glUniform1f                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glUniform1f")
-	_glUniform1i                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glUniform1i")
-	_glUniform2f                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glUniform2f")
-	_glUniform3f                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glUniform3f")
-	_glUniform4f                           = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glUniform4f")
-	_glUseProgram                          = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glUseProgram")
-	_glVertexAttribPointer                 = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glVertexAttribPointer")
-	_glViewport                            = LibGLESv2.NewProc("glViewport")
+	glInitOnce                             sync.Once
+	_glActiveTexture                       *windows.Proc
+	_glAttachShader                        *windows.Proc
+	_glBeginQuery                          *windows.Proc
+	_glBindAttribLocation                  *windows.Proc
+	_glBindBuffer                          *windows.Proc
+	_glBindBufferBase                      *windows.Proc
+	_glBindFramebuffer                     *windows.Proc
+	_glBindRenderbuffer                    *windows.Proc
+	_glBindTexture                         *windows.Proc
+	_glBindVertexArray                     *windows.Proc
+	_glBlendEquation                       *windows.Proc
+	_glBlendFuncSeparate                   *windows.Proc
+	_glBufferData                          *windows.Proc
+	_glBufferSubData                       *windows.Proc
+	_glCheckFramebufferStatus              *windows.Proc
+	_glClear                               *windows.Proc
+	_glClearColor                          *windows.Proc
+	_glClearDepthf                         *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteQueries                       *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteVertexArrays                  *windows.Proc
+	_glCompileShader                       *windows.Proc
+	_glCopyTexSubImage2D                   *windows.Proc
+	_glGenerateMipmap                      *windows.Proc
+	_glGenBuffers                          *windows.Proc
+	_glGenFramebuffers                     *windows.Proc
+	_glGenVertexArrays                     *windows.Proc
+	_glGetUniformBlockIndex                *windows.Proc
+	_glCreateProgram                       *windows.Proc
+	_glGenRenderbuffers                    *windows.Proc
+	_glCreateShader                        *windows.Proc
+	_glGenTextures                         *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteBuffers                       *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteFramebuffers                  *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteProgram                       *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteShader                        *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteRenderbuffers                 *windows.Proc
+	_glDeleteTextures                      *windows.Proc
+	_glDepthFunc                           *windows.Proc
+	_glDepthMask                           *windows.Proc
+	_glDisableVertexAttribArray            *windows.Proc
+	_glDisable                             *windows.Proc
+	_glDrawArrays                          *windows.Proc
+	_glDrawElements                        *windows.Proc
+	_glEnable                              *windows.Proc
+	_glEnableVertexAttribArray             *windows.Proc
+	_glEndQuery                            *windows.Proc
+	_glFinish                              *windows.Proc
+	_glFlush                               *windows.Proc
+	_glFramebufferRenderbuffer             *windows.Proc
+	_glFramebufferTexture2D                *windows.Proc
+	_glGenQueries                          *windows.Proc
+	_glGetError                            *windows.Proc
+	_glGetRenderbufferParameteriv          *windows.Proc
+	_glGetFloatv                           *windows.Proc
+	_glGetFramebufferAttachmentParameteriv *windows.Proc
+	_glGetIntegerv                         *windows.Proc
+	_glGetIntegeri_v                       *windows.Proc
+	_glGetProgramiv                        *windows.Proc
+	_glGetProgramInfoLog                   *windows.Proc
+	_glGetQueryObjectuiv                   *windows.Proc
+	_glGetShaderiv                         *windows.Proc
+	_glGetShaderInfoLog                    *windows.Proc
+	_glGetString                           *windows.Proc
+	_glGetUniformLocation                  *windows.Proc
+	_glGetVertexAttribiv                   *windows.Proc
+	_glGetVertexAttribPointerv             *windows.Proc
+	_glInvalidateFramebuffer               *windows.Proc
+	_glIsEnabled                           *windows.Proc
+	_glLinkProgram                         *windows.Proc
+	_glPixelStorei                         *windows.Proc
+	_glReadPixels                          *windows.Proc
+	_glRenderbufferStorage                 *windows.Proc
+	_glScissor                             *windows.Proc
+	_glShaderSource                        *windows.Proc
+	_glTexImage2D                          *windows.Proc
+	_glTexStorage2D                        *windows.Proc
+	_glTexSubImage2D                       *windows.Proc
+	_glTexParameteri                       *windows.Proc
+	_glUniformBlockBinding                 *windows.Proc
+	_glUniform1f                           *windows.Proc
+	_glUniform1i                           *windows.Proc
+	_glUniform2f                           *windows.Proc
+	_glUniform3f                           *windows.Proc
+	_glUniform4f                           *windows.Proc
+	_glUseProgram                          *windows.Proc
+	_glVertexAttribPointer                 *windows.Proc
+	_glViewport                            *windows.Proc
 )
 
 type Functions struct {
@@ -109,57 +223,74 @@ type Functions struct {
 	uintptrs [100]uintptr
 }
 
-type Context interface{}
+type Context any
 
 func NewFunctions(ctx Context, forceES bool) (*Functions, error) {
 	if ctx != nil {
 		panic("non-nil context")
 	}
-	return new(Functions), nil
+	var err error
+	glInitOnce.Do(func() {
+		err = loadGLESv2Procs()
+	})
+	return new(Functions), err
 }
 
 func (c *Functions) ActiveTexture(t Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glActiveTexture.Addr(), 1, uintptr(t), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) AttachShader(p Program, s Shader) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glAttachShader.Addr(), 2, uintptr(p.V), uintptr(s.V), 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BeginQuery(target Enum, query Query) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBeginQuery.Addr(), 2, uintptr(target), uintptr(query.V), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BindAttribLocation(p Program, a Attrib, name string) {
 	cname := cString(name)
 	c0 := &cname[0]
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBindAttribLocation.Addr(), 3, uintptr(p.V), uintptr(a), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(c0)))
 	issue34474KeepAlive(c)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BindBuffer(target Enum, b Buffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBindBuffer.Addr(), 2, uintptr(target), uintptr(b.V), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BindBufferBase(target Enum, index int, b Buffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBindBufferBase.Addr(), 3, uintptr(target), uintptr(index), uintptr(b.V))
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BindFramebuffer(target Enum, fb Framebuffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBindFramebuffer.Addr(), 2, uintptr(target), uintptr(fb.V), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BindRenderbuffer(target Enum, rb Renderbuffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBindRenderbuffer.Addr(), 2, uintptr(target), uintptr(rb.V), 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BindImageTexture(unit int, t Texture, level int, layered bool, layer int, access, format Enum) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BindTexture(target Enum, t Texture) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBindTexture.Addr(), 2, uintptr(target), uintptr(t.V), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BindVertexArray(a VertexArray) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBindVertexArray.Addr(), 1, uintptr(a.V), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BlendEquation(mode Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glBlendEquation.Addr(), 1, uintptr(mode), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BlendFuncSeparate(srcRGB, dstRGB, srcA, dstA Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glBlendFuncSeparate.Addr(), 4, uintptr(srcRGB), uintptr(dstRGB), uintptr(srcA), uintptr(dstA), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) BufferData(target Enum, size int, usage Enum, data []byte) {
 	var p unsafe.Pointer
 	if len(data) > 0 {
@@ -167,6 +298,7 @@ func (c *Functions) BufferData(target Enum, size int, usage Enum, data []byte) {
 	}
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glBufferData.Addr(), 4, uintptr(target), uintptr(size), uintptr(p), uintptr(usage), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) BufferSubData(target Enum, offset int, src []byte) {
 	if n := len(src); n > 0 {
 		s0 := &src[0]
@@ -174,93 +306,118 @@ func (f *Functions) BufferSubData(target Enum, offset int, src []byte) {
 		issue34474KeepAlive(s0)
 	}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CheckFramebufferStatus(target Enum) Enum {
 	s, _, _ := syscall.Syscall(_glCheckFramebufferStatus.Addr(), 1, uintptr(target), 0, 0)
 	return Enum(s)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Clear(mask Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glClear.Addr(), 1, uintptr(mask), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) ClearColor(red, green, blue, alpha float32) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glClearColor.Addr(), 4, uintptr(math.Float32bits(red)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(green)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(blue)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(alpha)), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) ClearDepthf(d float32) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glClearDepthf.Addr(), 1, uintptr(math.Float32bits(d)), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CompileShader(s Shader) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glCompileShader.Addr(), 1, uintptr(s.V), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CopyTexSubImage2D(target Enum, level, xoffset, yoffset, x, y, width, height int) {
 	syscall.Syscall9(_glCopyTexSubImage2D.Addr(), 8, uintptr(target), uintptr(level), uintptr(xoffset), uintptr(yoffset), uintptr(x), uintptr(y), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GenerateMipmap(target Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGenerateMipmap.Addr(), 1, uintptr(target), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CreateBuffer() Buffer {
 	var buf uintptr
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGenBuffers.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&buf)), 0)
 	return Buffer{uint(buf)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CreateFramebuffer() Framebuffer {
 	var fb uintptr
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGenFramebuffers.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&fb)), 0)
 	return Framebuffer{uint(fb)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CreateProgram() Program {
 	p, _, _ := syscall.Syscall(_glCreateProgram.Addr(), 0, 0, 0, 0)
 	return Program{uint(p)}
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) CreateQuery() Query {
 	var q uintptr
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGenQueries.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&q)), 0)
 	return Query{uint(q)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CreateRenderbuffer() Renderbuffer {
 	var rb uintptr
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGenRenderbuffers.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&rb)), 0)
 	return Renderbuffer{uint(rb)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CreateShader(ty Enum) Shader {
 	s, _, _ := syscall.Syscall(_glCreateShader.Addr(), 1, uintptr(ty), 0, 0)
 	return Shader{uint(s)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CreateTexture() Texture {
 	var t uintptr
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGenTextures.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&t)), 0)
 	return Texture{uint(t)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) CreateVertexArray() VertexArray {
 	var t uintptr
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGenVertexArrays.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&t)), 0)
 	return VertexArray{uint(t)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DeleteBuffer(v Buffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteBuffers.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DeleteFramebuffer(v Framebuffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteFramebuffers.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&v.V)), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DeleteProgram(p Program) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteProgram.Addr(), 1, uintptr(p.V), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteQuery(query Query) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteQueries.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&query.V)), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DeleteShader(s Shader) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteShader.Addr(), 1, uintptr(s.V), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DeleteRenderbuffer(v Renderbuffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteRenderbuffers.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&v.V)), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DeleteTexture(v Texture) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteTextures.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&v.V)), 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DeleteVertexArray(array VertexArray) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDeleteVertexArrays.Addr(), 2, 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&array.V)), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DepthFunc(f Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDepthFunc.Addr(), 1, uintptr(f), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DepthMask(mask bool) {
 	var m uintptr
 	if mask {
@@ -268,42 +425,55 @@ func (c *Functions) DepthMask(mask bool) {
 	}
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDepthMask.Addr(), 1, m, 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DisableVertexAttribArray(a Attrib) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDisableVertexAttribArray.Addr(), 1, uintptr(a), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Disable(cap Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDisable.Addr(), 1, uintptr(cap), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DrawArrays(mode Enum, first, count int) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glDrawArrays.Addr(), 3, uintptr(mode), uintptr(first), uintptr(count))
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) DrawElements(mode Enum, count int, ty Enum, offset int) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glDrawElements.Addr(), 4, uintptr(mode), uintptr(count), uintptr(ty), uintptr(offset), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) DispatchCompute(x, y, z int) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Enable(cap Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glEnable.Addr(), 1, uintptr(cap), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) EnableVertexAttribArray(a Attrib) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glEnableVertexAttribArray.Addr(), 1, uintptr(a), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) EndQuery(target Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glEndQuery.Addr(), 1, uintptr(target), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Finish() {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glFinish.Addr(), 0, 0, 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Flush() {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glFlush.Addr(), 0, 0, 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) FramebufferRenderbuffer(target, attachment, renderbuffertarget Enum, renderbuffer Renderbuffer) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glFramebufferRenderbuffer.Addr(), 4, uintptr(target), uintptr(attachment), uintptr(renderbuffertarget), uintptr(renderbuffer.V), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) FramebufferTexture2D(target, attachment, texTarget Enum, t Texture, level int) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glFramebufferTexture2D.Addr(), 5, uintptr(target), uintptr(attachment), uintptr(texTarget), uintptr(t.V), uintptr(level), 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) GetUniformBlockIndex(p Program, name string) uint {
 	cname := cString(name)
 	c0 := &cname[0]
@@ -311,24 +481,30 @@ func (f *Functions) GetUniformBlockIndex(p Program, name string) uint {
 	issue34474KeepAlive(c0)
 	return uint(u)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetBinding(pname Enum) Object {
 	return Object{uint(c.GetInteger(pname))}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetBindingi(pname Enum, idx int) Object {
 	return Object{uint(c.GetIntegeri(pname, idx))}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetError() Enum {
 	e, _, _ := syscall.Syscall(_glGetError.Addr(), 0, 0, 0, 0)
 	return Enum(e)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetRenderbufferParameteri(target, pname Enum) int {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetRenderbufferParameteriv.Addr(), 3, uintptr(target), uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])))
 	return int(c.int32s[0])
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetFramebufferAttachmentParameteri(target, attachment, pname Enum) int {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glGetFramebufferAttachmentParameteriv.Addr(), 4, uintptr(target), uintptr(attachment), uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])), 0, 0)
 	return int(c.int32s[0])
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetInteger4(pname Enum) [4]int {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetIntegerv.Addr(), 2, uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])), 0)
 	var r [4]int
@@ -337,28 +513,34 @@ func (c *Functions) GetInteger4(pname Enum) [4]int {
 	}
 	return r
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetInteger(pname Enum) int {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetIntegerv.Addr(), 2, uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])), 0)
 	return int(c.int32s[0])
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetIntegeri(pname Enum, idx int) int {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetIntegeri_v.Addr(), 3, uintptr(pname), uintptr(idx), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])))
 	return int(c.int32s[0])
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetFloat(pname Enum) float32 {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetFloatv.Addr(), 2, uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.float32s[0])), 0)
 	return c.float32s[0]
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetFloat4(pname Enum) [4]float32 {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetFloatv.Addr(), 2, uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.float32s[0])), 0)
 	var r [4]float32
 	copy(r[:], c.float32s[:])
 	return r
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetProgrami(p Program, pname Enum) int {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetProgramiv.Addr(), 3, uintptr(p.V), uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])))
 	return int(c.int32s[0])
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetProgramInfoLog(p Program) string {
 	n := c.GetProgrami(p, INFO_LOG_LENGTH)
 	if n == 0 {
@@ -368,24 +550,29 @@ func (c *Functions) GetProgramInfoLog(p Program) string {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glGetProgramInfoLog.Addr(), 4, uintptr(p.V), uintptr(len(buf)), 0, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0])), 0, 0)
 	return string(buf)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetQueryObjectuiv(query Query, pname Enum) uint {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetQueryObjectuiv.Addr(), 3, uintptr(query.V), uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])))
 	return uint(c.int32s[0])
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetShaderi(s Shader, pname Enum) int {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetShaderiv.Addr(), 3, uintptr(s.V), uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])))
 	return int(c.int32s[0])
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetShaderInfoLog(s Shader) string {
 	n := c.GetShaderi(s, INFO_LOG_LENGTH)
 	buf := make([]byte, n)
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glGetShaderInfoLog.Addr(), 4, uintptr(s.V), uintptr(len(buf)), 0, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[0])), 0, 0)
 	return string(buf)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetString(pname Enum) string {
 	s, _, _ := syscall.Syscall(_glGetString.Addr(), 1, uintptr(pname), 0, 0)
 	return windows.BytePtrToString((*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(s)))
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetUniformLocation(p Program, name string) Uniform {
 	cname := cString(name)
 	c0 := &cname[0]
@@ -393,6 +580,7 @@ func (c *Functions) GetUniformLocation(p Program, name string) Uniform {
 	issue34474KeepAlive(c0)
 	return Uniform{int(u)}
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) GetVertexAttrib(index int, pname Enum) int {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetVertexAttribiv.Addr(), 3, uintptr(index), uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.int32s[0])))
 	return int(c.int32s[0])
@@ -406,6 +594,7 @@ func (c *Functions) GetVertexAttribPointer(index int, pname Enum) uintptr {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glGetVertexAttribPointerv.Addr(), 3, uintptr(index), uintptr(pname), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&c.uintptrs[0])))
 	return c.uintptrs[0]
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) InvalidateFramebuffer(target, attachment Enum) {
 	addr := _glInvalidateFramebuffer.Addr()
 	if addr == 0 {
@@ -414,77 +603,99 @@ func (c *Functions) InvalidateFramebuffer(target, attachment Enum) {
 	}
 	syscall.Syscall(addr, 3, uintptr(target), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&attachment)))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) IsEnabled(cap Enum) bool {
 	u, _, _ := syscall.Syscall(_glIsEnabled.Addr(), 1, uintptr(cap), 0, 0)
 	return u == TRUE
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) LinkProgram(p Program) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glLinkProgram.Addr(), 1, uintptr(p.V), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) PixelStorei(pname Enum, param int) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glPixelStorei.Addr(), 2, uintptr(pname), uintptr(param), 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) MemoryBarrier(barriers Enum) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) MapBufferRange(target Enum, offset, length int, access Enum) []byte {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) ReadPixels(x, y, width, height int, format, ty Enum, data []byte) {
 	d0 := &data[0]
 	syscall.Syscall9(_glReadPixels.Addr(), 7, uintptr(x), uintptr(y), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), uintptr(format), uintptr(ty), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(d0)), 0, 0)
 	issue34474KeepAlive(d0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) RenderbufferStorage(target, internalformat Enum, width, height int) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glRenderbufferStorage.Addr(), 4, uintptr(target), uintptr(internalformat), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Scissor(x, y, width, height int32) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glScissor.Addr(), 4, uintptr(x), uintptr(y), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) ShaderSource(s Shader, src string) {
 	var n uintptr = uintptr(len(src))
 	psrc := &src
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glShaderSource.Addr(), 4, uintptr(s.V), 1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(psrc)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&n)), 0, 0)
 	issue34474KeepAlive(psrc)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) TexImage2D(target Enum, level int, internalFormat Enum, width int, height int, format Enum, ty Enum) {
 	syscall.Syscall9(_glTexImage2D.Addr(), 9, uintptr(target), uintptr(level), uintptr(internalFormat), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), 0, uintptr(format), uintptr(ty), 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) TexStorage2D(target Enum, levels int, internalFormat Enum, width, height int) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glTexStorage2D.Addr(), 5, uintptr(target), uintptr(levels), uintptr(internalFormat), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) TexSubImage2D(target Enum, level int, x, y, width, height int, format, ty Enum, data []byte) {
 	d0 := &data[0]
 	syscall.Syscall9(_glTexSubImage2D.Addr(), 9, uintptr(target), uintptr(level), uintptr(x), uintptr(y), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), uintptr(format), uintptr(ty), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(d0)))
 	issue34474KeepAlive(d0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) TexParameteri(target, pname Enum, param int) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glTexParameteri.Addr(), 3, uintptr(target), uintptr(pname), uintptr(param))
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) UniformBlockBinding(p Program, uniformBlockIndex uint, uniformBlockBinding uint) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glUniformBlockBinding.Addr(), 3, uintptr(p.V), uintptr(uniformBlockIndex), uintptr(uniformBlockBinding))
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Uniform1f(dst Uniform, v float32) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glUniform1f.Addr(), 2, uintptr(dst.V), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v)), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Uniform1i(dst Uniform, v int) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glUniform1i.Addr(), 2, uintptr(dst.V), uintptr(v), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Uniform2f(dst Uniform, v0, v1 float32) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glUniform2f.Addr(), 3, uintptr(dst.V), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v0)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v1)))
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Uniform3f(dst Uniform, v0, v1, v2 float32) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glUniform3f.Addr(), 4, uintptr(dst.V), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v0)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v1)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v2)), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Uniform4f(dst Uniform, v0, v1, v2, v3 float32) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glUniform4f.Addr(), 5, uintptr(dst.V), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v0)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v1)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v2)), uintptr(math.Float32bits(v3)), 0)
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) UseProgram(p Program) {
 	syscall.Syscall(_glUseProgram.Addr(), 1, uintptr(p.V), 0, 0)
 }
+
 func (f *Functions) UnmapBuffer(target Enum) bool {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) VertexAttribPointer(dst Attrib, size int, ty Enum, normalized bool, stride, offset int) {
 	var norm uintptr
 	if normalized {
@@ -492,6 +703,7 @@ func (c *Functions) VertexAttribPointer(dst Attrib, size int, ty Enum, normalize
 	}
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glVertexAttribPointer.Addr(), 6, uintptr(dst), uintptr(size), uintptr(ty), norm, uintptr(stride), uintptr(offset))
 }
+
 func (c *Functions) Viewport(x, y, width, height int) {
 	syscall.Syscall6(_glViewport.Addr(), 4, uintptr(x), uintptr(y), uintptr(width), uintptr(height), 0, 0)
 }
@@ -504,6 +716,6 @@ func cString(s string) []byte {
 
 // issue34474KeepAlive calls runtime.KeepAlive as a
 // workaround for golang.org/issue/34474.
-func issue34474KeepAlive(v interface{}) {
+func issue34474KeepAlive(v any) {
 	runtime.KeepAlive(v)
 }

internal/ops/ops.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ type Ops struct {
 	// data contains the serialized operations.
 	data []byte
 	// refs hold external references for operations.
-	refs []interface{}
+	refs []any
 	// stringRefs provides space for string references, pointers to which will
 	// be stored in refs. Storing a string directly in refs would cause a heap
 	// allocation, to store the string header in an interface value. The backing
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ func PopOp(o *Ops, kind StackKind, sid StackID, macroID uint32) {
 	o.stacks[kind].pop(sid)
 }
 
-func Write1(o *Ops, n int, ref1 interface{}) []byte {
+func Write1(o *Ops, n int, ref1 any) []byte {
 	o.data = append(o.data, make([]byte, n)...)
 	o.refs = append(o.refs, ref1)
 	return o.data[len(o.data)-n:]
@@ -269,20 +269,20 @@ func Write1String(o *Ops, n int, ref1 string) []byte {
 	return o.data[len(o.data)-n:]
 }
 
-func Write2(o *Ops, n int, ref1, ref2 interface{}) []byte {
+func Write2(o *Ops, n int, ref1, ref2 any) []byte {
 	o.data = append(o.data, make([]byte, n)...)
 	o.refs = append(o.refs, ref1, ref2)
 	return o.data[len(o.data)-n:]
 }
 
-func Write2String(o *Ops, n int, ref1 interface{}, ref2 string) []byte {
+func Write2String(o *Ops, n int, ref1 any, ref2 string) []byte {
 	o.data = append(o.data, make([]byte, n)...)
 	o.stringRefs = append(o.stringRefs, ref2)
 	o.refs = append(o.refs, ref1, &o.stringRefs[len(o.stringRefs)-1])
 	return o.data[len(o.data)-n:]
 }
 
-func Write3(o *Ops, n int, ref1, ref2, ref3 interface{}) []byte {
+func Write3(o *Ops, n int, ref1, ref2, ref3 any) []byte {
 	o.data = append(o.data, make([]byte, n)...)
 	o.refs = append(o.refs, ref1, ref2, ref3)
 	return o.data[len(o.data)-n:]

internal/ops/reader.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ type Reader struct {
 type EncodedOp struct {
 	Key  Key
 	Data []byte
-	Refs []interface{}
+	Refs []any
 }
 
 // Key is a unique key for a given op.
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func (op *opMacroDef) decode(data []byte) {
 	op.endpc.refs = bo.Uint32(data[5:])
 }
 
-func (m *macroOp) decode(data []byte, refs []interface{}) {
+func (m *macroOp) decode(data []byte, refs []any) {
 	if len(data) < TypeCallLen || len(refs) < 1 || OpType(data[0]) != TypeCall {
 		panic("invalid op")
 	}

internal/stroke/stroke.go

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func (qs *StrokeQuads) lineTo(pt f32.Point) {
 func (qs *StrokeQuads) arc(f1, f2 f32.Point, angle float32) {
 	pen := qs.pen()
 	m, segments := ArcTransform(pen, f1.Add(pen), f2.Add(pen), angle)
-	for i := 0; i < segments; i++ {
+	for range segments {
 		p0 := qs.pen()
 		p1 := m.Transform(p0)
 		p2 := m.Transform(p1)
@@ -327,13 +327,26 @@ func strokePathNorm(p0, p1, p2 f32.Point, t, d float32) f32.Point {
 func rot90CW(p f32.Point) f32.Point { return f32.Pt(+p.Y, -p.X) }
 
 func normPt(p f32.Point, l float32) f32.Point {
-	if (p.X == 0 && p.Y == l) || (p.Y == 0 && p.X == l) {
-		return f32.Point{X: p.X, Y: p.Y}
+	if (p.X == 0 && p.Y == 0) || l == 0 {
+		return f32.Point{}
+	}
+	isVerticalUnit := p.X == 0 && (p.Y == l || p.Y == -l)
+	isHorizontalUnit := p.Y == 0 && (p.X == l || p.X == -l)
+	if isVerticalUnit || isHorizontalUnit {
+		if math.Signbit(float64(l)) {
+			return f32.Point{X: -p.X, Y: -p.Y}
+		} else {
+			return f32.Point{X: p.X, Y: p.Y}
+		}
 	}
 	d := math.Hypot(float64(p.X), float64(p.Y))
 	l64 := float64(l)
 	if math.Abs(d-l64) < 1e-10 {
-		return f32.Point{}
+		if math.Signbit(float64(l)) {
+			return f32.Point{X: -p.X, Y: -p.Y}
+		} else {
+			return f32.Point{X: p.X, Y: p.Y}
+		}
 	}
 	n := float32(l64 / d)
 	return f32.Point{X: p.X * n, Y: p.Y * n}
@@ -440,7 +453,6 @@ func flattenQuadBezier(qs StrokeQuads, p0, p1, p2 f32.Point, d, flatness float32
 }
 
 func (qs *StrokeQuads) addLine(p0, ctrl, p1 f32.Point, t, d float32) {
-
 	switch i := len(*qs); i {
 	case 0:
 		p0 = p0.Add(strokePathNorm(p0, ctrl, p1, 0, d))
@@ -473,7 +485,6 @@ func quadInterp(p, q f32.Point, t float32) f32.Point {
 // quadBezierSplit returns the pair of triplets (from,ctrl,to) Bézier curve,
 // split before (resp. after) the provided parametric t value.
 func quadBezierSplit(p0, p1, p2 f32.Point, t float32) (f32.Point, f32.Point, f32.Point, f32.Point, f32.Point, f32.Point) {
-
 	var (
 		b0 = p0
 		b1 = quadInterp(p0, p1, t)
@@ -577,12 +588,10 @@ func ArcTransform(p, f1, f2 f32.Point, angle float32) (transform f32.Affine2D, s
 		}
 	}
 
-	var (
-		θ   = angle / float32(segments)
-		ref f32.Affine2D // transform from absolute frame to ellipse-based one
-		rot f32.Affine2D // rotation matrix for each segment
-		inv f32.Affine2D // transform from ellipse-based frame to absolute one
-	)
+	θ := angle / float32(segments)
+	ref := f32.AffineId() // transform from absolute frame to ellipse-based one
+	rot := f32.AffineId() // rotation matrix for each segment
+	inv := f32.AffineId() // transform from ellipse-based frame to absolute one
 	center := f32.Point{
 		X: 0.5 * (f1.X + f2.X),
 		Y: 0.5 * (f1.Y + f2.Y),

internal/stroke/stroke_test.go

@@ -9,6 +9,111 @@ import (
 	"gioui.org/internal/f32"
 )
 
+func TestNormPt(t *testing.T) {
+	type scenario struct {
+		l           float32
+		ptIn, ptOut f32.Point
+	}
+
+	scenarios := []scenario{
+		// l!=0 && X=Y=0
+		{l: 10, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: 0}},
+		{l: -10, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: 0}},
+
+		// l>0 & X
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +30, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +10, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -10, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -30, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}},
+
+		// l<0 & X
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +30, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +10, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -10, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -30, Y: 0}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: 0}},
+
+		// l>0 & Y
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}},
+
+		// l<0 & Y
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: -30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 0, Y: +20}},
+
+		// l>0 && X=Y
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +90, Y: +90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142137, Y: +14.142137}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +30, Y: +30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: +20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +10, Y: +10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -10, Y: -10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: -20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -30, Y: -30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -90, Y: -90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142137, Y: -14.142137}},
+
+		// l>0 && X=-Y
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +90, Y: -90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142137, Y: -14.142137}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +30, Y: -30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: -20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +10, Y: -10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -10, Y: +10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: +20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -30, Y: +30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: +20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -90, Y: +90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142137, Y: +14.142137}},
+
+		// l<0 && X=Y
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +90, Y: +90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142137, Y: -14.142137}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +30, Y: +30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: +20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +10, Y: +10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -10, Y: -10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: -20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -30, Y: -30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -90, Y: -90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142137, Y: +14.142137}},
+
+		// l<0 && X=-Y
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +90, Y: -90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142137, Y: +14.142137}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +30, Y: -30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +20, Y: -20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: +10, Y: -10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -14.142136, Y: +14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -10, Y: +10}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -20, Y: +20}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -30, Y: +30}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142136, Y: -14.142136}},
+		{l: -20, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -90, Y: +90}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: +14.142137, Y: -14.142137}},
+
+		// l!=0 && Hypot=l
+		{l: 5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: 4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: 4}},
+		{l: 5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: -4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: -4}},
+		{l: 5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: -4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: -4}},
+		{l: 5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: 4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: 4}},
+		{l: -5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: 4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: -4}},
+		{l: -5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: -4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: 4}},
+		{l: -5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: -4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: 4}},
+		{l: -5, ptIn: f32.Point{X: -3, Y: 4}, ptOut: f32.Point{X: 3, Y: -4}},
+	}
+
+	for i, s := range scenarios {
+		t.Run(strconv.Itoa(i), func(t *testing.T) {
+			actual := normPt(s.ptIn, s.l)
+			if actual != s.ptOut {
+				t.Errorf("in: %v*%v, expected: %v, actual: %v", s.l, s.ptIn, s.ptOut, actual)
+			}
+		})
+
+	}
+}
+
 func BenchmarkSplitCubic(b *testing.B) {
 	type scenario struct {
 		segments               int
@@ -52,7 +157,7 @@ func BenchmarkSplitCubic(b *testing.B) {
 			from, ctrl0, ctrl1, to := s.from, s.ctrl0, s.ctrl1, s.to
 			quads := make([]QuadSegment, s.segments)
 			b.ResetTimer()
-			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			for b.Loop() {
 				quads = SplitCubic(from, ctrl0, ctrl1, to, quads[:0])
 			}
 			if len(quads) != s.segments {

internal/vk/vulkan.go

@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ static VkResult vkQueuePresentKHR(PFN_vkQueuePresentKHR f, VkQueue queue, const
 }
 */
 import "C"
+
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -1167,7 +1168,6 @@ func CreateFramebuffer(d Device, rp RenderPass, view ImageView, width, height in
 		return nilFramebuffer, fmt.Errorf("vulkan: vkCreateFramebuffer: %w", err)
 	}
 	return fbo, nil
-
 }
 
 func DestroyFramebuffer(d Device, f Framebuffer) {
@@ -1893,27 +1893,27 @@ func BuildWriteDescriptorSetBuffer(set DescriptorSet, binding int, typ Descripto
 	}
 }
 
-func (r PushConstantRange) StageFlags() ShaderStageFlags {
+func PushConstantRangeStageFlags(r PushConstantRange) ShaderStageFlags {
 	return r.stageFlags
 }
 
-func (r PushConstantRange) Offset() int {
+func PushConstantRangeOffset(r PushConstantRange) int {
 	return int(r.offset)
 }
 
-func (r PushConstantRange) Size() int {
+func PushConstantRangeSize(r PushConstantRange) int {
 	return int(r.size)
 }
 
-func (p QueueFamilyProperties) Flags() QueueFlags {
+func QueueFamilyPropertiesFlags(p QueueFamilyProperties) QueueFlags {
 	return p.queueFlags
 }
 
-func (c SurfaceCapabilities) MinExtent() image.Point {
+func SurfaceCapabilitiesMinExtent(c SurfaceCapabilities) image.Point {
 	return image.Pt(int(c.minImageExtent.width), int(c.minImageExtent.height))
 }
 
-func (c SurfaceCapabilities) MaxExtent() image.Point {
+func SurfaceCapabilitiesMaxExtent(c SurfaceCapabilities) image.Point {
 	return image.Pt(int(c.maxImageExtent.width), int(c.maxImageExtent.height))
 }
 

internal/vk/vulkan_android.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ static VkResult vkCreateAndroidSurfaceKHR(PFN_vkCreateAndroidSurfaceKHR f, VkIns
 }
 */
 import "C"
+
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"unsafe"

internal/vk/vulkan_wayland.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ static VkResult vkCreateWaylandSurfaceKHR(PFN_vkCreateWaylandSurfaceKHR f, VkIns
 }
 */
 import "C"
+
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"unsafe"

internal/vk/vulkan_x11.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ static VkResult vkCreateXlibSurfaceKHR(PFN_vkCreateXlibSurfaceKHR f, VkInstance
 }
 */
 import "C"
+
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"unsafe"

io/event/event.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 // Tag is the stable identifier for an event handler.
 // For a handler h, the tag is typically &h.
-type Tag interface{}
+type Tag any
 
 // Event is the marker interface for events.
 type Event interface {

io/input/clipboard.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package input
 
 import (
 	"io"
+	"slices"
 
 	"gioui.org/io/clipboard"
 	"gioui.org/io/event"
@@ -60,10 +61,8 @@ func (q *clipboardQueue) ProcessWriteClipboard(req clipboard.WriteCmd) {
 }
 
 func (q *clipboardQueue) ProcessReadClipboard(state clipboardState, tag event.Tag) clipboardState {
-	for _, k := range state.receivers {
-		if k == tag {
-			return state
-		}
+	if slices.Contains(state.receivers, tag) {
+		return state
 	}
 	n := len(state.receivers)
 	state.receivers = append(state.receivers[:n:n], tag)

io/input/clipboard_test.go

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ func TestQueueProcessReadClipboard(t *testing.T) {
 	assertClipboardReadCmd(t, r, 1)
 	ops.Reset()
 
-	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+	for range 3 {
 		// No ReadCmd
 		// One receiver must still wait for response
 

io/input/key.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package input
 
 import (
 	"image"
+	"slices"
 	"sort"
 
 	"gioui.org/f32"
@@ -280,6 +281,7 @@ func (q *keyQueue) Focus(handlers map[event.Tag]*handler, state keyState, focus
 		return state, nil
 	}
 	state.content = EditorState{}
+	state.content.Selection.Transform = f32.AffineId()
 	var evts []taggedEvent
 	if state.focus != nil {
 		evts = append(evts, taggedEvent{tag: state.focus, event: key.FocusEvent{Focus: false}})
@@ -304,10 +306,8 @@ func (s keyState) softKeyboard(show bool) keyState {
 }
 
 func (k *keyFilter) Add(f key.Filter) {
-	for _, f2 := range *k {
-		if f == f2 {
-			return
-		}
+	if slices.Contains(*k, f) {
+		return
 	}
 	*k = append(*k, f)
 }

io/input/pointer.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package input
 import (
 	"image"
 	"io"
+	"slices"
 
 	"gioui.org/f32"
 	f32internal "gioui.org/internal/f32"
@@ -143,7 +144,9 @@ const (
 )
 
 func (c *pointerCollector) resetState() {
-	c.state = collectState{}
+	c.state = collectState{
+		t: f32.AffineId(),
+	}
 	c.nodeStack = c.nodeStack[:0]
 	// Pop every node except the root.
 	if len(c.q.hitTree) > 0 {
@@ -257,6 +260,11 @@ func (q *pointerQueue) grab(state pointerState, req pointer.GrabCmd) (pointerSta
 		if !p.pressed || p.id != req.ID {
 			continue
 		}
+		// Verify that the grabber is among the handlers.
+		found := slices.Contains(p.handlers, req.Tag)
+		if !found {
+			continue
+		}
 		// Drop other handlers that lost their grab.
 		for i := len(p.handlers) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
 			if tag := p.handlers[i]; tag != req.Tag {
@@ -282,17 +290,13 @@ func (c *pointerCollector) inputOp(tag event.Tag, state *pointerHandler) {
 func (p *pointerFilter) Add(f event.Filter) {
 	switch f := f.(type) {
 	case transfer.SourceFilter:
-		for _, m := range p.sourceMimes {
-			if m == f.Type {
-				return
-			}
+		if slices.Contains(p.sourceMimes, f.Type) {
+			return
 		}
 		p.sourceMimes = append(p.sourceMimes, f.Type)
 	case transfer.TargetFilter:
-		for _, m := range p.targetMimes {
-			if m == f.Type {
-				return
-			}
+		if slices.Contains(p.targetMimes, f.Type) {
+			return
 		}
 		p.targetMimes = append(p.targetMimes, f.Type)
 	case pointer.Filter:
@@ -309,16 +313,12 @@ func (p *pointerFilter) Matches(e event.Event) bool {
 	case transfer.CancelEvent, transfer.InitiateEvent:
 		return len(p.sourceMimes) > 0 || len(p.targetMimes) > 0
 	case transfer.RequestEvent:
-		for _, t := range p.sourceMimes {
-			if t == e.Type {
-				return true
-			}
+		if slices.Contains(p.sourceMimes, e.Type) {
+			return true
 		}
 	case transfer.DataEvent:
-		for _, t := range p.targetMimes {
-			if t == e.Type {
-				return true
-			}
+		if slices.Contains(p.targetMimes, e.Type) {
+			return true
 		}
 	}
 	return false
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ func (q *pointerQueue) offerData(handlers map[event.Tag]*handler, state pointerS
 				},
 			}})
 		}
-		state.pointers = append([]pointerInfo{}, state.pointers...)
+		state.pointers = slices.Clone(state.pointers)
 		state.pointers[i], evts = q.deliverTransferCancelEvent(handlers, p, evts)
 		break
 	}
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ func (q *pointerQueue) reset() {
 	for k, ids := range q.semantic.contentIDs {
 		for i := len(ids) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
 			if !ids[i].used {
-				ids = append(ids[:i], ids[i+1:]...)
+				ids = slices.Delete(ids, i, i+1)
 			} else {
 				ids[i].used = false
 			}
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ func (q *pointerQueue) Frame(handlers map[event.Tag]*handler, state pointerState
 		changed := false
 		p, evts, state.cursor, changed = q.deliverEnterLeaveEvents(handlers, state.cursor, p, evts, p.last)
 		if changed {
-			state.pointers = append([]pointerInfo{}, state.pointers...)
+			state.pointers = slices.Clone(state.pointers)
 			state.pointers[i] = p
 		}
 	}
@@ -772,19 +772,17 @@ func (q *pointerQueue) Push(handlers map[event.Tag]*handler, state pointerState,
 
 	if !p.pressed && len(p.entered) == 0 {
 		// No longer need to track pointer.
-		state.pointers = append(state.pointers[:pidx:pidx], state.pointers[pidx+1:]...)
+		state.pointers = slices.Concat(state.pointers[:pidx:pidx], state.pointers[pidx+1:])
 	} else {
-		state.pointers = append([]pointerInfo{}, state.pointers...)
+		state.pointers = slices.Clone(state.pointers)
 		state.pointers[pidx] = p
 	}
 	return state, evts
 }
 
 func (q *pointerQueue) deliverEvent(handlers map[event.Tag]*handler, p pointerInfo, evts []taggedEvent, e pointer.Event) []taggedEvent {
-	foremost := true
 	if p.pressed && len(p.handlers) == 1 {
 		e.Priority = pointer.Grabbed
-		foremost = false
 	}
 	scroll := e.Scroll
 	for _, k := range p.handlers {
@@ -803,10 +801,6 @@ func (q *pointerQueue) deliverEvent(handlers map[event.Tag]*handler, p pointerIn
 			scroll, e.Scroll = f.clampScroll(scroll)
 		}
 		e := e
-		if foremost {
-			foremost = false
-			e.Priority = pointer.Foremost
-		}
 		e.Position = q.invTransform(h.pointer.areaPlusOne-1, e.Position)
 		evts = append(evts, taggedEvent{event: e, tag: k})
 	}
@@ -970,10 +964,8 @@ func searchTag(tags []event.Tag, tag event.Tag) (int, bool) {
 
 // addHandler adds tag to the slice if not present.
 func addHandler(tags []event.Tag, tag event.Tag) []event.Tag {
-	for _, t := range tags {
-		if t == tag {
-			return tags
-		}
+	if slices.Contains(tags, tag) {
+		return tags
 	}
 	return append(tags, tag)
 }
@@ -981,10 +973,8 @@ func addHandler(tags []event.Tag, tag event.Tag) []event.Tag {
 // firstMimeMatch returns the first type match between src and tgt.
 func firstMimeMatch(src, tgt *pointerFilter) (first string, matched bool) {
 	for _, m1 := range tgt.targetMimes {
-		for _, m2 := range src.sourceMimes {
-			if m1 == m2 {
-				return m1, true
-			}
+		if slices.Contains(src.sourceMimes, m1) {
+			return m1, true
 		}
 	}
 	return "", false

io/input/pointer_test.go

@@ -97,6 +97,39 @@ func TestPointerDragNegative(t *testing.T) {
 	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, f), pointer.Enter, pointer.Press, pointer.Leave, pointer.Drag)
 }
 
+func TestIgnoredGrab(t *testing.T) {
+	handler1 := new(int)
+	handler2 := new(int)
+	var ops op.Ops
+
+	filter := func(t event.Tag) event.Filter {
+		return pointer.Filter{Target: t, Kinds: pointer.Press | pointer.Release | pointer.Cancel}
+	}
+
+	event.Op(&ops, handler1)
+	event.Op(&ops, handler2)
+	var r Router
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Cancel)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, -1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
+	r.Frame(&ops)
+	r.Queue(
+		pointer.Event{
+			Kind:     pointer.Press,
+			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
+		},
+		pointer.Event{
+			Kind:     pointer.Release,
+			Position: f32.Pt(50, 50),
+		},
+	)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, 1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Press)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, 1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Press)
+	r.Source().Execute(pointer.GrabCmd{Tag: handler1})
+	r.Source().Execute(pointer.GrabCmd{Tag: handler2})
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, 1, filter(handler1)), pointer.Release)
+	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, events(&r, 1, filter(handler2)), pointer.Cancel)
+}
+
 func TestPointerGrab(t *testing.T) {
 	handler1 := new(int)
 	handler2 := new(int)
@@ -367,9 +400,9 @@ func TestPointerPriority(t *testing.T) {
 	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, hev1, pointer.Scroll, pointer.Scroll)
 	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, hev2, pointer.Scroll)
 	assertEventPointerTypeSequence(t, hev3, pointer.Scroll)
-	assertEventPriorities(t, hev1, pointer.Shared, pointer.Foremost)
-	assertEventPriorities(t, hev2, pointer.Foremost)
-	assertEventPriorities(t, hev3, pointer.Foremost)
+	assertEventPriorities(t, hev1, pointer.Shared, pointer.Shared)
+	assertEventPriorities(t, hev2, pointer.Shared)
+	assertEventPriorities(t, hev3, pointer.Shared)
 	assertScrollEvent(t, hev1[0], f32.Pt(30, 0))
 	assertScrollEvent(t, hev2[0], f32.Pt(20, 0))
 	assertScrollEvent(t, hev1[1], f32.Pt(50, 0))
@@ -678,26 +711,31 @@ func TestCursor(t *testing.T) {
 		cursors []pointer.Cursor
 		want    pointer.Cursor
 	}{
-		{label: "no movement",
+		{
+			label:   "no movement",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer},
 			want:    pointer.CursorDefault,
 		},
-		{label: "move inside",
+		{
+			label:   "move inside",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer},
 			events:  _at(50, 50),
 			want:    pointer.CursorPointer,
 		},
-		{label: "move outside",
+		{
+			label:   "move outside",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer},
 			events:  _at(200, 200),
 			want:    pointer.CursorDefault,
 		},
-		{label: "move back inside",
+		{
+			label:   "move back inside",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer},
 			events:  _at(50, 50),
 			want:    pointer.CursorPointer,
 		},
-		{label: "send key events while inside",
+		{
+			label:   "send key events while inside",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer},
 			events: []event.Event{
 				key.Event{Name: "A", State: key.Press},
@@ -705,7 +743,8 @@ func TestCursor(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			want: pointer.CursorPointer,
 		},
-		{label: "send key events while outside",
+		{
+			label:   "send key events while outside",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer},
 			events: append(
 				_at(200, 200),
@@ -714,7 +753,8 @@ func TestCursor(t *testing.T) {
 			),
 			want: pointer.CursorDefault,
 		},
-		{label: "add new input on top while inside",
+		{
+			label:   "add new input on top while inside",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer, pointer.CursorCrosshair},
 			events: append(
 				_at(50, 50),
@@ -725,7 +765,8 @@ func TestCursor(t *testing.T) {
 			),
 			want: pointer.CursorCrosshair,
 		},
-		{label: "remove input on top while inside",
+		{
+			label:   "remove input on top while inside",
 			cursors: []pointer.Cursor{pointer.CursorPointer},
 			events: append(
 				_at(50, 50),
@@ -1086,6 +1127,33 @@ func TestPassCursor(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestPartialEvent(t *testing.T) {
+	var ops op.Ops
+	var r Router
+
+	rect := clip.Rect(image.Rect(0, 0, 100, 100))
+	background := rect.Push(&ops)
+	event.Op(&ops, 1)
+	background.Pop()
+
+	overlayPass := pointer.PassOp{}.Push(&ops)
+	overlay := rect.Push(&ops)
+	event.Op(&ops, 2)
+	overlay.Pop()
+	overlayPass.Pop()
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, pointer.Filter{Target: 1, Kinds: pointer.Press}))
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, pointer.Filter{Target: 2, Kinds: pointer.Press}))
+	r.Frame(&ops)
+	r.Queue(pointer.Event{
+		Kind: pointer.Press,
+	})
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, pointer.Filter{Target: 1, Kinds: pointer.Press}, key.FocusFilter{Target: 1}),
+		key.FocusEvent{}, pointer.Event{Kind: pointer.Press, Source: pointer.Mouse, Priority: pointer.Shared})
+	r.Source().Execute(key.FocusCmd{Tag: 1})
+	assertEventSequence(t, events(&r, -1, pointer.Filter{Target: 2, Kinds: pointer.Press}),
+		pointer.Event{Kind: pointer.Press, Source: pointer.Mouse, Priority: pointer.Shared})
+}
+
 // offer satisfies io.ReadCloser for use in data transfers.
 type offer struct {
 	data   string
@@ -1229,7 +1297,7 @@ func BenchmarkRouterAdd(b *testing.B) {
 		handlerCount := i
 		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d-handlers", i), func(b *testing.B) {
 			handlers := make([]event.Tag, handlerCount)
-			for i := 0; i < handlerCount; i++ {
+			for i := range handlerCount {
 				h := new(int)
 				*h = i
 				handlers[i] = h
@@ -1251,7 +1319,7 @@ func BenchmarkRouterAdd(b *testing.B) {
 			r.Frame(&ops)
 			b.ReportAllocs()
 			b.ResetTimer()
-			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			for b.Loop() {
 				r.Queue(
 					pointer.Event{
 						Kind:     pointer.Move,

io/input/router.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package input
 import (
 	"image"
 	"io"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -60,9 +61,10 @@ type Router struct {
 }
 
 // Source implements the interface between a Router and user interface widgets.
-// The value Source is disabled.
+// The zero-value Source is disabled.
 type Source struct {
-	r *Router
+	r        *Router
+	disabled bool
 }
 
 // Command represents a request such as moving the focus, or initiating a clipboard read.
@@ -177,10 +179,17 @@ func (s Source) Execute(c Command) {
 	s.r.execute(c)
 }
 
+// Disabled returns a copy of this source that don't deliver any events.
+func (s Source) Disabled() Source {
+	s2 := s
+	s2.disabled = true
+	return s2
+}
+
 // Enabled reports whether the source is enabled. Only enabled
-// Sources deliver events and respond to commands.
+// Sources deliver events.
 func (s Source) Enabled() bool {
-	return s.r != nil
+	return s.r != nil && !s.disabled
 }
 
 // Focused reports whether tag is focused, according to the most recent
@@ -193,6 +202,7 @@ func (s Source) Focused(tag event.Tag) bool {
 }
 
 // Event returns the next event that matches at least one of filters.
+// If the source is disabled, no events will be reported.
 func (s Source) Event(filters ...event.Filter) (event.Event, bool) {
 	if !s.Enabled() {
 		return nil, false
@@ -274,28 +284,29 @@ func (q *Router) Event(filters ...event.Filter) (event.Event, bool) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if !q.deferring {
-		for i := range q.changes {
-			change := &q.changes[i]
-			for j, evt := range change.events {
-				match := false
-				switch e := evt.event.(type) {
-				case key.Event:
-					match = q.key.scratchFilter.Matches(change.state.keyState.focus, e, false)
-				default:
-					for _, tf := range q.scratchFilters {
-						if evt.tag == tf.tag && tf.filter.Matches(evt.event) {
-							match = true
-							break
-						}
+	for i := range q.changes {
+		if q.deferring && i > 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		change := &q.changes[i]
+		for j, evt := range change.events {
+			match := false
+			switch e := evt.event.(type) {
+			case key.Event:
+				match = q.key.scratchFilter.Matches(change.state.keyState.focus, e, false)
+			default:
+				for _, tf := range q.scratchFilters {
+					if evt.tag == tf.tag && tf.filter.Matches(evt.event) {
+						match = true
+						break
 					}
 				}
-				if match {
-					change.events = append(change.events[:j], change.events[j+1:]...)
-					// Fast forward state to last matched.
-					q.collapseState(i)
-					return evt.event, true
-				}
+			}
+			if match {
+				change.events = slices.Delete(change.events, j, j+1)
+				// Fast forward state to last matched.
+				q.collapseState(i)
+				return evt.event, true
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -313,15 +324,15 @@ func (q *Router) collapseState(idx int) {
 	}
 	first := &q.changes[0]
 	first.state = q.changes[idx].state
-	for i := 1; i <= idx; i++ {
-		first.events = append(first.events, q.changes[i].events...)
+	for _, ch := range q.changes[1 : idx+1] {
+		first.events = append(first.events, ch.events...)
 	}
 	q.changes = append(q.changes[:1], q.changes[idx+1:]...)
 }
 
-// Frame replaces the declared handlers from the supplied
-// operation list. The text input state, wakeup time and whether
-// there are active profile handlers is also saved.
+// Frame completes the current frame and starts a new with the
+// handlers from the frame argument. Remaining events are discarded,
+// unless they were deferred by a command.
 func (q *Router) Frame(frame *op.Ops) {
 	var remaining []event.Event
 	if n := len(q.changes); n > 0 {
@@ -617,11 +628,11 @@ func (q *Router) RevealFocus(viewport image.Rectangle) {
 	viewport = q.pointer.queue.ClipFor(area, viewport)
 
 	topleft := bounds.Min.Sub(viewport.Min)
-	topleft = max(topleft, bounds.Max.Sub(viewport.Max))
-	topleft = min(image.Pt(0, 0), topleft)
+	topleft = maxPoint(topleft, bounds.Max.Sub(viewport.Max))
+	topleft = minPoint(image.Pt(0, 0), topleft)
 	bottomright := bounds.Max.Sub(viewport.Max)
-	bottomright = min(bottomright, bounds.Min.Sub(viewport.Min))
-	bottomright = max(image.Pt(0, 0), bottomright)
+	bottomright = minPoint(bottomright, bounds.Min.Sub(viewport.Min))
+	bottomright = maxPoint(image.Pt(0, 0), bottomright)
 	s := topleft
 	if s.X == 0 {
 		s.X = bottomright.X
@@ -648,7 +659,7 @@ func (q *Router) ScrollFocus(dist image.Point) {
 	}))
 }
 
-func max(p1, p2 image.Point) image.Point {
+func maxPoint(p1, p2 image.Point) image.Point {
 	m := p1
 	if p2.X > m.X {
 		m.X = p2.X
@@ -659,7 +670,7 @@ func max(p1, p2 image.Point) image.Point {
 	return m
 }
 
-func min(p1, p2 image.Point) image.Point {
+func minPoint(p1, p2 image.Point) image.Point {
 	m := p1
 	if p2.X < m.X {
 		m.X = p2.X
@@ -768,13 +779,15 @@ func (q *Router) collect() {
 	pc.Reset()
 	kq := &q.key.queue
 	q.key.queue.Reset()
-	var t f32.Affine2D
+	t := f32.AffineId()
 	for encOp, ok := q.reader.Decode(); ok; encOp, ok = q.reader.Decode() {
 		switch ops.OpType(encOp.Data[0]) {
 		case ops.TypeSave:
 			id := ops.DecodeSave(encOp.Data)
 			if extra := id - len(q.savedTrans) + 1; extra > 0 {
-				q.savedTrans = append(q.savedTrans, make([]f32.Affine2D, extra)...)
+				for range extra {
+					q.savedTrans = append(q.savedTrans, f32.AffineId())
+				}
 			}
 			q.savedTrans[id] = t
 		case ops.TypeLoad:

io/input/router_test.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ func TestNoFilterAllocs(t *testing.T) {
 		s := r.Source()
 		b.ReportAllocs()
 		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for b.Loop() {
 			s.Event(pointer.Filter{})
 		}
 	})

io/input/semantic_test.go

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func verifyTree(t *testing.T, parent SemanticID, n SemanticNode) {
 }
 
 func printTree(indent int, n SemanticNode) {
-	for i := 0; i < indent; i++ {
+	for range indent {
 		fmt.Print("\t")
 	}
 	fmt.Printf("%d: %+v\n", n.ID, n.Desc)

io/pointer/pointer.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ type Event struct {
 	Source Source
 	// PointerID is the id for the pointer and can be used
 	// to track a particular pointer from Press to
-	// Release or Cancel.
+	// Release.
 	PointerID ID
 	// Priority is the priority of the receiving handler
 	// for this event.
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ type Event struct {
 
 // PassOp sets the pass-through mode. InputOps added while the pass-through
 // mode is set don't block events to siblings.
-type PassOp struct {
-}
+type PassOp struct{}
 
 // PassStack represents a PassOp on the pass stack.
 type PassStack struct {
@@ -207,9 +206,6 @@ const (
 	// Shared priority is for handlers that
 	// are part of a matching set larger than 1.
 	Shared Priority = iota
-	// Foremost priority is like Shared, but the
-	// handler is the foremost of the matching set.
-	Foremost
 	// Grabbed is used for matching sets of size 1.
 	Grabbed
 )
@@ -223,6 +219,12 @@ const (
 	ButtonSecondary
 	// ButtonTertiary is the tertiary button, usually the middle button.
 	ButtonTertiary
+	// ButtonQuaternary is the fourth button, usually used for browser
+	// navigation (backward)
+	ButtonQuaternary
+	// ButtonQuinary is the fifth button, usually used for browser
+	// navigation (forward)
+	ButtonQuinary
 )
 
 func (s ScrollRange) Union(s2 ScrollRange) ScrollRange {
@@ -295,8 +297,6 @@ func (p Priority) String() string {
 	switch p {
 	case Shared:
 		return "Shared"
-	case Foremost:
-		return "Foremost"
 	case Grabbed:
 		return "Grabbed"
 	default:
@@ -332,6 +332,12 @@ func (b Buttons) String() string {
 	if b.Contain(ButtonTertiary) {
 		strs = append(strs, "ButtonTertiary")
 	}
+	if b.Contain(ButtonQuaternary) {
+		strs = append(strs, "ButtonQuaternary")
+	}
+	if b.Contain(ButtonQuinary) {
+		strs = append(strs, "ButtonQuinary")
+	}
 	return strings.Join(strs, "|")
 }
 

layout/context.go

@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ type Context struct {
 	// Interested users must look up and populate these values manually.
 	Locale system.Locale
 
+	// Values is a map of program global data associated with the context.
+	// It is not for use by widgets.
+	Values map[string]any
+
 	input.Source
 	*op.Ops
 }
@@ -42,9 +46,8 @@ func (c Context) Sp(v unit.Sp) int {
 	return c.Metric.Sp(v)
 }
 
-// Disabled returns a copy of this context with a disabled Source,
-// blocking widgets from changing its state and receiving events.
+// Disabled returns a copy of this context that don't deliver any events.
 func (c Context) Disabled() Context {
-	c.Source = input.Source{}
+	c.Source = c.Source.Disabled()
 	return c
 }

layout/flex.go

@@ -30,10 +30,6 @@ type FlexChild struct {
 	weight float32
 
 	widget Widget
-
-	// Scratch space.
-	call op.CallOp
-	dims Dimensions
 }
 
 // Spacing determine the spacing mode for a Flex.
@@ -88,6 +84,20 @@ func (f Flex) Layout(gtx Context, children ...FlexChild) Dimensions {
 	remaining := mainMax
 	var totalWeight float32
 	cgtx := gtx
+	// Note: previously the scratch space was inside FlexChild.
+	// child.call.Add(gtx.Ops) confused the go escape analysis and caused the
+	// entired children slice to be allocated on the heap, including all widgets
+	// in it. This produced a lot of object allocations. Now the scratch space
+	// is separate from children, and for cases len(children) <= 32, we will
+	// allocate the scratch space on the stack. For cases len(children) > 32,
+	// only the scratch space gets allocated from the heap, during append.
+	type scratchSpace struct {
+		call op.CallOp
+		dims Dimensions
+	}
+	var scratchArray [32]scratchSpace
+	scratch := scratchArray[:0]
+	scratch = append(scratch, make([]scratchSpace, len(children))...)
 	// Lay out Rigid children.
 	for i, child := range children {
 		if child.flex {
@@ -104,8 +114,8 @@ func (f Flex) Layout(gtx Context, children ...FlexChild) Dimensions {
 		if remaining < 0 {
 			remaining = 0
 		}
-		children[i].call = c
-		children[i].dims = dims
+		scratch[i].call = c
+		scratch[i].dims = dims
 	}
 	if w := f.WeightSum; w != 0 {
 		totalWeight = w
@@ -139,16 +149,16 @@ func (f Flex) Layout(gtx Context, children ...FlexChild) Dimensions {
 		if remaining < 0 {
 			remaining = 0
 		}
-		children[i].call = c
-		children[i].dims = dims
+		scratch[i].call = c
+		scratch[i].dims = dims
 	}
 	maxCross := crossMin
 	var maxBaseline int
-	for _, child := range children {
-		if c := f.Axis.Convert(child.dims.Size).Y; c > maxCross {
+	for _, scratchChild := range scratch {
+		if c := f.Axis.Convert(scratchChild.dims.Size).Y; c > maxCross {
 			maxCross = c
 		}
-		if b := child.dims.Size.Y - child.dims.Baseline; b > maxBaseline {
+		if b := scratchChild.dims.Size.Y - scratchChild.dims.Baseline; b > maxBaseline {
 			maxBaseline = b
 		}
 	}
@@ -169,8 +179,8 @@ func (f Flex) Layout(gtx Context, children ...FlexChild) Dimensions {
 			mainSize += space / (len(children) * 2)
 		}
 	}
-	for i, child := range children {
-		dims := child.dims
+	for i, scratchChild := range scratch {
+		dims := scratchChild.dims
 		b := dims.Size.Y - dims.Baseline
 		var cross int
 		switch f.Alignment {
@@ -185,7 +195,7 @@ func (f Flex) Layout(gtx Context, children ...FlexChild) Dimensions {
 		}
 		pt := f.Axis.Convert(image.Pt(mainSize, cross))
 		trans := op.Offset(pt).Push(gtx.Ops)
-		child.call.Add(gtx.Ops)
+		scratchChild.call.Add(gtx.Ops)
 		trans.Pop()
 		mainSize += f.Axis.Convert(dims.Size).X
 		if i < len(children)-1 {

layout/list.go

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ type List struct {
 	ScrollToEnd bool
 	// Alignment is the cross axis alignment of list elements.
 	Alignment Alignment
+	// ScrollAnyAxis allows any scroll axis to scroll the list, not just the main axis.
+	ScrollAnyAxis bool
 
 	cs          Constraints
 	scroll      gesture.Scroll
@@ -159,12 +161,19 @@ func (l *List) update(gtx Context) {
 			max = 0
 		}
 	}
+
 	xrange := pointer.ScrollRange{Min: min, Max: max}
 	yrange := pointer.ScrollRange{}
-	if l.Axis == Vertical {
+
+	axis := gesture.Axis(l.Axis)
+	if l.ScrollAnyAxis {
+		axis = gesture.Both
+		yrange = xrange
+	} else if l.Axis == Vertical {
 		xrange, yrange = yrange, xrange
 	}
-	d := l.scroll.Update(gtx.Metric, gtx.Source, gtx.Now, gesture.Axis(l.Axis), xrange, yrange)
+	d := l.scroll.Update(gtx.Metric, gtx.Source, gtx.Now, axis, xrange, yrange)
+
 	l.scrollDelta = d
 	l.Position.Offset += d
 }
@@ -308,10 +317,6 @@ func (l *List) layout(ops *op.Ops, macro op.MacroOp) Dimensions {
 			cross = (maxCross - sz.Y) / 2
 		}
 		childSize := sz.X
-		min := pos
-		if min < 0 {
-			min = 0
-		}
 		pt := l.Axis.Convert(image.Pt(pos, cross))
 		trans := op.Offset(pt).Push(ops)
 		child.call.Add(ops)

layout/list_test.go

@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ func TestListPosition(t *testing.T) {
 		{label: "1 visible 0 hidden", num: 1, count: 1, last: 10},
 		{label: "2 visible 0 hidden", num: 2, count: 2},
 		{label: "2 visible 1 hidden", num: 3, count: 2},
-		{label: "3 visible 0 hidden small scroll", num: 3, count: 3, offset: 5, last: -5,
+		{
+			label: "3 visible 0 hidden small scroll", num: 3, count: 3, offset: 5, last: -5,
 			scroll: _s(
 				pointer.Event{
 					Source:   pointer.Mouse,
@@ -107,8 +108,10 @@ func TestListPosition(t *testing.T) {
 					Kind:     pointer.Release,
 					Position: f32.Pt(5, 0),
 				},
-			)},
-		{label: "3 visible 0 hidden small scroll 2", num: 3, count: 3, offset: 3, last: -7,
+			),
+		},
+		{
+			label: "3 visible 0 hidden small scroll 2", num: 3, count: 3, offset: 3, last: -7,
 			scroll: _s(
 				pointer.Event{
 					Source:   pointer.Mouse,
@@ -127,8 +130,10 @@ func TestListPosition(t *testing.T) {
 					Kind:     pointer.Release,
 					Position: f32.Pt(5, 0),
 				},
-			)},
-		{label: "2 visible 1 hidden large scroll", num: 3, count: 2, first: 1,
+			),
+		},
+		{
+			label: "2 visible 1 hidden large scroll", num: 3, count: 2, first: 1,
 			scroll: _s(
 				pointer.Event{
 					Source:   pointer.Mouse,
@@ -147,7 +152,8 @@ func TestListPosition(t *testing.T) {
 					Kind:     pointer.Release,
 					Position: f32.Pt(15, 0),
 				},
-			)},
+			),
+		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.label, func(t *testing.T) {
 			gtx.Ops.Reset()

layout/stack.go

@@ -20,10 +20,6 @@ type Stack struct {
 type StackChild struct {
 	expanded bool
 	widget   Widget
-
-	// Scratch space.
-	call op.CallOp
-	dims Dimensions
 }
 
 // Stacked returns a Stack child that is laid out with no minimum
@@ -52,6 +48,20 @@ func (s Stack) Layout(gtx Context, children ...StackChild) Dimensions {
 	// First lay out Stacked children.
 	cgtx := gtx
 	cgtx.Constraints.Min = image.Point{}
+	// Note: previously the scratch space was inside StackChild.
+	// child.call.Add(gtx.Ops) confused the go escape analysis and caused the
+	// entired children slice to be allocated on the heap, including all widgets
+	// in it. This produced a lot of object allocations. Now the scratch space
+	// is separate from children, and for cases len(children) <= 32, we will
+	// allocate the scratch space on the stack. For cases len(children) > 32,
+	// only the scratch space gets allocated from the heap, during append.
+	type scratchSpace struct {
+		call op.CallOp
+		dims Dimensions
+	}
+	var scratchArray [32]scratchSpace
+	scratch := scratchArray[:0]
+	scratch = append(scratch, make([]scratchSpace, len(children))...)
 	for i, w := range children {
 		if w.expanded {
 			continue
@@ -65,8 +75,8 @@ func (s Stack) Layout(gtx Context, children ...StackChild) Dimensions {
 		if h := dims.Size.Y; h > maxSZ.Y {
 			maxSZ.Y = h
 		}
-		children[i].call = call
-		children[i].dims = dims
+		scratch[i].call = call
+		scratch[i].dims = dims
 	}
 	// Then lay out Expanded children.
 	for i, w := range children {
@@ -83,14 +93,14 @@ func (s Stack) Layout(gtx Context, children ...StackChild) Dimensions {
 		if h := dims.Size.Y; h > maxSZ.Y {
 			maxSZ.Y = h
 		}
-		children[i].call = call
-		children[i].dims = dims
+		scratch[i].call = call
+		scratch[i].dims = dims
 	}
 
 	maxSZ = gtx.Constraints.Constrain(maxSZ)
 	var baseline int
-	for _, ch := range children {
-		sz := ch.dims.Size
+	for _, scratchChild := range scratch {
+		sz := scratchChild.dims.Size
 		var p image.Point
 		switch s.Alignment {
 		case N, S, Center:
@@ -105,10 +115,10 @@ func (s Stack) Layout(gtx Context, children ...StackChild) Dimensions {
 			p.Y = maxSZ.Y - sz.Y
 		}
 		trans := op.Offset(p).Push(gtx.Ops)
-		ch.call.Add(gtx.Ops)
+		scratchChild.call.Add(gtx.Ops)
 		trans.Pop()
 		if baseline == 0 {
-			if b := ch.dims.Baseline; b != 0 {
+			if b := scratchChild.dims.Baseline; b != 0 {
 				baseline = b + maxSZ.Y - sz.Y - p.Y
 			}
 		}

layout/stack_test.go

@@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ func BenchmarkStack(b *testing.B) {
 		},
 	}
 	b.ReportAllocs()
-	b.ResetTimer()
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		gtx.Ops.Reset()
 
 		Stack{}.Layout(gtx,
@@ -41,9 +40,8 @@ func BenchmarkBackground(b *testing.B) {
 		},
 	}
 	b.ReportAllocs()
-	b.ResetTimer()
 
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		gtx.Ops.Reset()
 
 		Background{}.Layout(gtx,

op/clip/clip.go

@@ -214,8 +214,9 @@ func (p *Path) LineTo(to f32.Point) {
 	bo := binary.LittleEndian
 	bo.PutUint32(data[0:], uint32(p.contour))
 	p.cmd(data[4:], scene.Line(p.pen, to))
-	p.pen = to
+	p.expand(p.pen)
 	p.expand(to)
+	p.pen = to
 }
 
 func (p *Path) cmd(data []byte, c scene.Command) {
@@ -263,9 +264,10 @@ func (p *Path) QuadTo(ctrl, to f32.Point) {
 	bo := binary.LittleEndian
 	bo.PutUint32(data[0:], uint32(p.contour))
 	p.cmd(data[4:], scene.Quad(p.pen, ctrl, to))
-	p.pen = to
+	p.expand(p.pen)
 	p.expand(ctrl)
 	p.expand(to)
+	p.pen = to
 }
 
 // ArcTo adds an elliptical arc to the path. The implied ellipse is defined
@@ -275,7 +277,7 @@ func (p *Path) QuadTo(ctrl, to f32.Point) {
 // negative clockwise.
 func (p *Path) ArcTo(f1, f2 f32.Point, angle float32) {
 	m, segments := stroke.ArcTransform(p.pen, f1, f2, angle)
-	for i := 0; i < segments; i++ {
+	for range segments {
 		p0 := p.pen
 		p1 := m.Transform(p0)
 		p2 := m.Transform(p1)
@@ -307,10 +309,11 @@ func (p *Path) CubeTo(ctrl0, ctrl1, to f32.Point) {
 	bo := binary.LittleEndian
 	bo.PutUint32(data[0:], uint32(p.contour))
 	p.cmd(data[4:], scene.Cubic(p.pen, ctrl0, ctrl1, to))
-	p.pen = to
+	p.expand(p.pen)
 	p.expand(ctrl0)
 	p.expand(ctrl1)
 	p.expand(to)
+	p.pen = to
 }
 
 // Close closes the path contour.

op/clip/clip_internal_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR MIT
+
+package clip
+
+import (
+	"gioui.org/f32"
+	"gioui.org/op"
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestPath_MoveTo_LineTo(t *testing.T) {
+	var ops op.Ops
+	p := Path{}
+	p.Begin(&ops)
+	startPoint := f32.Pt(32, 32)
+	endPoint := f32.Pt(64, 64)
+	p.MoveTo(startPoint)
+	p.LineTo(endPoint)
+	pathSpec := p.End()
+
+	minPoint := f32.Pt(32, 32)
+	maxPoint := f32.Pt(64, 64)
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min == pathSpec.bounds.Max {
+		t.Errorf("zero path")
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min != minPoint.Round() {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Min = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Min, minPoint)
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Max != maxPoint.Round() {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Max = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Max, maxPoint)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPath_MoveTo_QuadTo(t *testing.T) {
+	var ops op.Ops
+	p := Path{}
+	p.Begin(&ops)
+	startPoint := f32.Pt(32, 32)
+	midPoint := f32.Pt(60, 60)
+	p.MoveTo(startPoint)
+	p.QuadTo(midPoint.Sub(f32.Pt(-4, 0)), midPoint.Sub(f32.Pt(0, -4)))
+	pathSpec := p.End()
+
+	minPoint := f32.Pt(32, 32)
+	maxPoint := f32.Pt(64, 64)
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min == pathSpec.bounds.Max {
+		t.Errorf("zero path")
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min != minPoint.Round() {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Min = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Min, minPoint)
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Max != maxPoint.Round() {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Max = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Max, maxPoint)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPath_MoveTo_ArcTo(t *testing.T) {
+	// We need a tolerance here because of rounding errors.
+	tolerance := f32.Pt(1, 1)
+
+	var ops op.Ops
+	p := Path{}
+	p.Begin(&ops)
+	arcStartPoint := f32.Pt(48, 32)
+	arcCenterPoint := f32.Pt(48, 48)
+	p.MoveTo(arcStartPoint)
+	p.ArcTo(arcCenterPoint, arcCenterPoint, math.Pi*2)
+	pathSpec := p.End()
+
+	minPoint := f32.Pt(32, 32).Sub(tolerance).Round()
+	maxPoint := f32.Pt(64, 64).Add(tolerance).Round()
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min == pathSpec.bounds.Max {
+		t.Errorf("zero path")
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min.X < minPoint.X || pathSpec.bounds.Min.Y < minPoint.Y {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Min = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Min, minPoint)
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Max.X > maxPoint.X || pathSpec.bounds.Max.Y > maxPoint.Y {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Max = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Max, maxPoint)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPath_MoveTo_CubeTo(t *testing.T) {
+	var ops op.Ops
+	p := Path{}
+	p.Begin(&ops)
+	startPoint := f32.Pt(32, 32)
+	midPoint := f32.Pt(48, 48)
+	endPoint := f32.Pt(64, 64)
+	p.MoveTo(startPoint)
+	p.CubeTo(midPoint.Sub(f32.Pt(-4, 0)), midPoint.Sub(f32.Pt(0, -4)), endPoint)
+	pathSpec := p.End()
+
+	minPoint := f32.Pt(32, 32)
+	maxPoint := f32.Pt(64, 64)
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min == pathSpec.bounds.Max {
+		t.Errorf("zero path")
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Min != minPoint.Round() {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Min = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Min, minPoint)
+	}
+	if pathSpec.bounds.Max != maxPoint.Round() {
+		t.Errorf("pathSpec.bounds.Max = %v, want %v", pathSpec.bounds.Max, maxPoint)
+	}
+}

op/op.go

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func (c CallOp) Add(o *Ops) {
 // Offset converts an offset to a TransformOp.
 func Offset(off image.Point) TransformOp {
 	offf := f32.Pt(float32(off.X), float32(off.Y))
-	return Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(offf))
+	return Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(offf))
 }
 
 // Affine creates a TransformOp representing the transformation a.

op/paint/paint.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ type ImageOp struct {
 
 	// handle is a key to uniquely identify this ImageOp
 	// in a map of cached textures.
-	handle interface{}
+	handle any
 }
 
 // ColorOp sets the brush to a constant color.
@@ -53,8 +53,7 @@ type LinearGradientOp struct {
 }
 
 // PaintOp fills the current clip area with the current brush.
-type PaintOp struct {
-}
+type PaintOp struct{}
 
 // OpacityStack represents an opacity applied to all painting operations
 // until Pop is called.

text/family_parser_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 package text
 
 import (
+	"slices"
 	"testing"
-
-	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
 )
 
 func TestParser(t *testing.T) {

text/gotext.go

@@ -9,15 +9,14 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"log"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
 
 	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/di"
 	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/font"
+	gotextot "github.com/go-text/typesetting/font/opentype"
 	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/fontscan"
 	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/language"
-	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/opentype/api"
-	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/opentype/api/metadata"
 	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/shaping"
-	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
 	"golang.org/x/image/math/fixed"
 	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/bidi"
 
@@ -57,13 +56,6 @@ func (l *document) reset() {
 	l.unreadRuneCount = 0
 }
 
-func max(a, b int) int {
-	if a > b {
-		return a
-	}
-	return b
-}
-
 // A line contains the measurements of a line of text.
 type line struct {
 	// runs contains sequences of shaped glyphs with common attributes. The order
@@ -201,7 +193,7 @@ type runLayout struct {
 	// Direction is the layout direction of the glyphs.
 	Direction system.TextDirection
 	// face is the font face that the ID of each Glyph in the Layout refers to.
-	face font.Face
+	face *font.Face
 	// truncator indicates that this run is a text truncator standing in for remaining
 	// text.
 	truncator bool
@@ -211,8 +203,8 @@ type runLayout struct {
 type shaperImpl struct {
 	// Fields for tracking fonts/faces.
 	fontMap      *fontscan.FontMap
-	faces        []font.Face
-	faceToIndex  map[font.Font]int
+	faces        []*font.Face
+	faceToIndex  map[*font.Font]int
 	faceMeta     []giofont.Font
 	defaultFaces []string
 	logger       interface {
@@ -254,7 +246,7 @@ func newShaperImpl(systemFonts bool, collection []FontFace) *shaperImpl {
 	var shaper shaperImpl
 	shaper.logger = newDebugLogger()
 	shaper.fontMap = fontscan.NewFontMap(shaper.logger)
-	shaper.faceToIndex = make(map[font.Font]int)
+	shaper.faceToIndex = make(map[*font.Font]int)
 	if systemFonts {
 		str, err := os.UserCacheDir()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -282,7 +274,7 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) Load(f FontFace) {
 	s.addFace(f.Face.Face(), f.Font)
 }
 
-func (s *shaperImpl) addFace(f font.Face, md giofont.Font) {
+func (s *shaperImpl) addFace(f *font.Face, md giofont.Font) {
 	if _, ok := s.faceToIndex[f.Font]; ok {
 		return
 	}
@@ -357,7 +349,7 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) splitBidi(input shaping.Input) []shaping.Input {
 	if err != nil {
 		return []shaping.Input{input}
 	}
-	for i := 0; i < out.NumRuns(); i++ {
+	for i := range out.NumRuns() {
 		currentInput := input
 		run := out.Run(i)
 		dir := run.Direction()
@@ -377,11 +369,11 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) splitBidi(input shaping.Input) []shaping.Input {
 // ResolveFace allows shaperImpl to implement shaping.FontMap, wrapping its fontMap
 // field and ensuring that any faces loaded as part of the search are registered with
 // ids so that they can be referred to by a GlyphID.
-func (s *shaperImpl) ResolveFace(r rune) font.Face {
+func (s *shaperImpl) ResolveFace(r rune) *font.Face {
 	face := s.fontMap.ResolveFace(r)
 	if face != nil {
 		family, aspect := s.fontMap.FontMetadata(face.Font)
-		md := opentype.DescriptionToFont(metadata.Description{
+		md := opentype.DescriptionToFont(font.Description{
 			Family: family,
 			Aspect: aspect,
 		})
@@ -491,9 +483,11 @@ func wrapPolicyToGoText(p WrapPolicy) shaping.LineBreakPolicy {
 // shapeAndWrapText invokes the text shaper and returns wrapped lines in the shaper's native format.
 func (s *shaperImpl) shapeAndWrapText(params Parameters, txt []rune) (_ []shaping.Line, truncated int) {
 	wc := shaping.WrapConfig{
-		TruncateAfterLines: params.MaxLines,
-		TextContinues:      params.forceTruncate,
-		BreakPolicy:        wrapPolicyToGoText(params.WrapPolicy),
+		Direction:                     mapDirection(params.Locale.Direction),
+		TruncateAfterLines:            params.MaxLines,
+		TextContinues:                 params.forceTruncate,
+		BreakPolicy:                   wrapPolicyToGoText(params.WrapPolicy),
+		DisableTrailingWhitespaceTrim: params.DisableSpaceTrim,
 	}
 	families := s.defaultFaces
 	if params.Font.Typeface != "" {
@@ -663,7 +657,7 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) Shape(pathOps *op.Ops, gs []Glyph) clip.PathSpec {
 		scaleFactor := fixedToFloat(ppem) / float32(face.Upem())
 		glyphData := face.GlyphData(gid)
 		switch glyphData := glyphData.(type) {
-		case api.GlyphOutline:
+		case font.GlyphOutline:
 			outline := glyphData
 			// Move to glyph position.
 			pos := f32.Point{
@@ -678,13 +672,13 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) Shape(pathOps *op.Ops, gs []Glyph) clip.PathSpec {
 			for _, fseg := range outline.Segments {
 				nargs := 1
 				switch fseg.Op {
-				case api.SegmentOpQuadTo:
+				case gotextot.SegmentOpQuadTo:
 					nargs = 2
-				case api.SegmentOpCubeTo:
+				case gotextot.SegmentOpCubeTo:
 					nargs = 3
 				}
 				var args [3]f32.Point
-				for i := 0; i < nargs; i++ {
+				for i := range nargs {
 					a := f32.Point{
 						X: fseg.Args[i].X * scaleFactor,
 						Y: -fseg.Args[i].Y * scaleFactor,
@@ -695,13 +689,13 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) Shape(pathOps *op.Ops, gs []Glyph) clip.PathSpec {
 					}
 				}
 				switch fseg.Op {
-				case api.SegmentOpMoveTo:
+				case gotextot.SegmentOpMoveTo:
 					builder.Move(args[0])
-				case api.SegmentOpLineTo:
+				case gotextot.SegmentOpLineTo:
 					builder.Line(args[0])
-				case api.SegmentOpQuadTo:
+				case gotextot.SegmentOpQuadTo:
 					builder.Quad(args[0], args[1])
-				case api.SegmentOpCubeTo:
+				case gotextot.SegmentOpCubeTo:
 					builder.Cube(args[0], args[1], args[2])
 				default:
 					panic("unsupported segment op")
@@ -742,16 +736,16 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) Bitmaps(ops *op.Ops, gs []Glyph) op.CallOp {
 		}
 		glyphData := face.GlyphData(gid)
 		switch glyphData := glyphData.(type) {
-		case api.GlyphBitmap:
+		case font.GlyphBitmap:
 			var imgOp paint.ImageOp
 			var imgSize image.Point
 			bitmapData, ok := s.bitmapGlyphCache.Get(g.ID)
 			if !ok {
 				var img image.Image
 				switch glyphData.Format {
-				case api.PNG, api.JPG, api.TIFF:
+				case font.PNG, font.JPG, font.TIFF:
 					img, _, _ = image.Decode(bytes.NewReader(glyphData.Data))
-				case api.BlackAndWhite:
+				case font.BlackAndWhite:
 					// This is a complex family of uncompressed bitmaps that don't seem to be
 					// very common in practice. We can try adding support later if needed.
 					fallthrough
@@ -766,7 +760,7 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) Bitmaps(ops *op.Ops, gs []Glyph) op.CallOp {
 				imgOp = bitmapData.img
 				imgSize = bitmapData.size
 			}
-			off := op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Offset(f32.Point{
+			off := op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Offset(f32.Point{
 				X: fixedToFloat((g.X - x) - g.Offset.X),
 				Y: fixedToFloat(g.Offset.Y + g.Bounds.Min.Y),
 			})).Push(ops)
@@ -782,7 +776,7 @@ func (s *shaperImpl) Bitmaps(ops *op.Ops, gs []Glyph) op.CallOp {
 					Y: g.Bounds.Max.Y.Round(),
 				},
 			}.Size()
-			aff := op.Affine(f32.Affine2D{}.Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Point{
+			aff := op.Affine(f32.AffineId().Scale(f32.Point{}, f32.Point{
 				X: float32(glyphSize.X) / float32(imgSize.X),
 				Y: float32(glyphSize.Y) / float32(imgSize.Y),
 			})).Push(ops)
@@ -807,7 +801,7 @@ type langConfig struct {
 }
 
 // toInput converts its parameters into a shaping.Input.
-func toInput(face font.Face, ppem fixed.Int26_6, lc langConfig, runes []rune) shaping.Input {
+func toInput(face *font.Face, ppem fixed.Int26_6, lc langConfig, runes []rune) shaping.Input {
 	var input shaping.Input
 	input.Direction = lc.Direction
 	input.Text = runes
@@ -867,13 +861,14 @@ func toGioGlyphs(in []shaping.Glyph, ppem fixed.Int26_6, faceIdx int) []glyph {
 }
 
 // toLine converts the output into a Line with the provided dominant text direction.
-func toLine(faceToIndex map[font.Font]int, o shaping.Line, dir system.TextDirection) line {
+func toLine(faceToIndex map[*font.Font]int, o shaping.Line, dir system.TextDirection) line {
 	if len(o) < 1 {
 		return line{}
 	}
 	line := line{
-		runs:      make([]runLayout, len(o)),
-		direction: dir,
+		runs:        make([]runLayout, len(o)),
+		direction:   dir,
+		visualOrder: make([]int, len(o)),
 	}
 	maxSize := fixed.Int26_6(0)
 	for i := range o {
@@ -881,7 +876,7 @@ func toLine(faceToIndex map[font.Font]int, o shaping.Line, dir system.TextDirect
 		if run.Size > maxSize {
 			maxSize = run.Size
 		}
-		var font font.Font
+		var font *font.Font
 		if run.Face != nil {
 			font = run.Face.Font
 		}
@@ -891,11 +886,13 @@ func toLine(faceToIndex map[font.Font]int, o shaping.Line, dir system.TextDirect
 				Count:  run.Runes.Count,
 				Offset: line.runeCount,
 			},
-			Direction: unmapDirection(run.Direction),
-			face:      run.Face,
-			Advance:   run.Advance,
-			PPEM:      run.Size,
+			Direction:      unmapDirection(run.Direction),
+			face:           run.Face,
+			Advance:        run.Advance,
+			PPEM:           run.Size,
+			VisualPosition: int(run.VisualIndex),
 		}
+		line.visualOrder[run.VisualIndex] = i
 		line.runeCount += run.Runes.Count
 		line.width += run.Advance
 		if line.ascent < run.LineBounds.Ascent {
@@ -906,64 +903,11 @@ func toLine(faceToIndex map[font.Font]int, o shaping.Line, dir system.TextDirect
 		}
 	}
 	line.lineHeight = maxSize
-	computeVisualOrder(&line)
-	return line
-}
-
-// computeVisualOrder will populate the Line's VisualOrder field and the
-// VisualPosition field of each element in Runs.
-func computeVisualOrder(l *line) {
-	l.visualOrder = make([]int, len(l.runs))
-	const none = -1
-	bidiRangeStart := none
-
-	// visPos returns the visual position for an individual logically-indexed
-	// run in this line, taking only the line's overall text direction into
-	// account.
-	visPos := func(logicalIndex int) int {
-		if l.direction.Progression() == system.TowardOrigin {
-			return len(l.runs) - 1 - logicalIndex
-		}
-		return logicalIndex
-	}
-
-	// resolveBidi populated the line's VisualOrder fields for the elements in the
-	// half-open range [bidiRangeStart:bidiRangeEnd) indicating that those elements
-	// should be displayed in reverse-visual order.
-	resolveBidi := func(bidiRangeStart, bidiRangeEnd int) {
-		firstVisual := bidiRangeEnd - 1
-		// Just found the end of a bidi range.
-		for startIdx := bidiRangeStart; startIdx < bidiRangeEnd; startIdx++ {
-			pos := visPos(firstVisual)
-			l.runs[startIdx].VisualPosition = pos
-			l.visualOrder[pos] = startIdx
-			firstVisual--
-		}
-		bidiRangeStart = none
-	}
-	for runIdx, run := range l.runs {
-		if run.Direction.Progression() != l.direction.Progression() {
-			if bidiRangeStart == none {
-				bidiRangeStart = runIdx
-			}
-			continue
-		} else if bidiRangeStart != none {
-			// Just found the end of a bidi range.
-			resolveBidi(bidiRangeStart, runIdx)
-			bidiRangeStart = none
-		}
-		pos := visPos(runIdx)
-		l.runs[runIdx].VisualPosition = pos
-		l.visualOrder[pos] = runIdx
-	}
-	if bidiRangeStart != none {
-		// We ended iteration within a bidi segment, resolve it.
-		resolveBidi(bidiRangeStart, len(l.runs))
-	}
 	// Iterate and resolve the X of each run.
 	x := fixed.Int26_6(0)
-	for _, runIdx := range l.visualOrder {
-		l.runs[runIdx].X = x
-		x += l.runs[runIdx].Advance
+	for _, runIdx := range line.visualOrder {
+		line.runs[runIdx].X = x
+		x += line.runs[runIdx].Advance
 	}
+	return line
 }

text/gotext_test.go

@@ -3,14 +3,13 @@ package text
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math"
-	"reflect"
+	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 
 	nsareg "eliasnaur.com/font/noto/sans/arabic/regular"
 	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/font"
 	"github.com/go-text/typesetting/shaping"
-	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"
 	"golang.org/x/image/font/gofont/goregular"
 	"golang.org/x/image/math/fixed"
 
@@ -127,7 +126,8 @@ func TestShapingAlignWidth(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			lines := shaper.LayoutString(Parameters{PxPerEm: ppem,
+			lines := shaper.LayoutString(Parameters{
+				PxPerEm:  ppem,
 				MinWidth: tc.minWidth,
 				MaxWidth: tc.maxWidth,
 				Locale:   english,
@@ -175,7 +175,6 @@ func TestNewlineSynthesis(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-
 			doc := shaper.LayoutRunes(Parameters{
 				PxPerEm:  ppem,
 				MaxWidth: 200,
@@ -208,7 +207,6 @@ func TestNewlineSynthesis(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		})
 	}
-
 }
 
 // simpleGlyph returns a simple square glyph with the provided cluster
@@ -450,120 +448,6 @@ func TestToLine(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestComputeVisualOrder(t *testing.T) {
-	type testcase struct {
-		name                string
-		input               line
-		expectedVisualOrder []int
-	}
-	for _, tc := range []testcase{
-		{
-			name: "ltr",
-			input: line{
-				direction: system.LTR,
-				runs: []runLayout{
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-				},
-			},
-			expectedVisualOrder: []int{0, 1, 2},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "rtl",
-			input: line{
-				direction: system.RTL,
-				runs: []runLayout{
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-				},
-			},
-			expectedVisualOrder: []int{2, 1, 0},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "bidi-ltr",
-			input: line{
-				direction: system.LTR,
-				runs: []runLayout{
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-				},
-			},
-			expectedVisualOrder: []int{0, 3, 2, 1, 4},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "bidi-ltr-complex",
-			input: line{
-				direction: system.LTR,
-				runs: []runLayout{
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-				},
-			},
-			expectedVisualOrder: []int{1, 0, 2, 4, 3, 5, 7, 6, 8, 10, 9},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "bidi-rtl",
-			input: line{
-				direction: system.RTL,
-				runs: []runLayout{
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-				},
-			},
-			expectedVisualOrder: []int{4, 1, 2, 3, 0},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "bidi-rtl-complex",
-			input: line{
-				direction: system.RTL,
-				runs: []runLayout{
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.RTL},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-					{Direction: system.LTR},
-				},
-			},
-			expectedVisualOrder: []int{9, 10, 8, 6, 7, 5, 3, 4, 2, 0, 1},
-		},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			computeVisualOrder(&tc.input)
-			if !reflect.DeepEqual(tc.input.visualOrder, tc.expectedVisualOrder) {
-				t.Errorf("expected visual order %v, got %v", tc.expectedVisualOrder, tc.input.visualOrder)
-			}
-			for i, visualIndex := range tc.input.visualOrder {
-				if pos := tc.input.runs[visualIndex].VisualPosition; pos != i {
-					t.Errorf("line.VisualOrder[%d]=%d, but line.Runs[%d].VisualPosition=%d", i, visualIndex, visualIndex, pos)
-				}
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func FuzzLayout(f *testing.F) {
 	ltrFace, _ := opentype.Parse(goregular.TTF)
 	rtlFace, _ := opentype.Parse(nsareg.TTF)

text/lru_test.go

@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ func TestPathLRU(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func testLRU(t *testing.T, put func(i int), get func(i int) bool) {
-	for i := 0; i < maxSize; i++ {
+	for i := range maxSize {
 		put(i)
 	}
-	for i := 0; i < maxSize; i++ {
+	for i := range maxSize {
 		if !get(i) {
 			t.Fatalf("key %d was evicted", i)
 		}

text/shaper.go

@@ -76,6 +76,11 @@ type Parameters struct {
 	// text with a MaxLines. It is unexported because this behavior only makes sense for the
 	// shaper to control when it iterates paragraphs of text.
 	forceTruncate bool
+
+	// DisableSpaceTrim prevents the width of the final whitespace glyph on a line from being zeroed.
+	// This is desirable for text editors (so that the whitespace can be selected), but is undesirable
+	// for ordinary display text.
+	DisableSpaceTrim bool
 }
 
 type FontFace = giofont.FontFace
@@ -199,7 +204,15 @@ func (f Flags) String() string {
 
 type GlyphID uint64
 
-// Shaper converts strings of text into glyphs that can be displayed.
+// Shaper converts strings of text into glyphs that can be displayed. The same
+// Shaper should not be used in different goroutines.
+//
+// The Shaper controls text layout and has a cache, implemented as a map, and
+// so laying out text in two different goroutines can easily result in
+// concurrent access to said map, resulting in a panic.
+//
+// Practically speaking, this means you should use different Shapers for
+// different top-level windows.
 type Shaper struct {
 	config struct {
 		disableSystemFonts bool
@@ -531,7 +544,7 @@ func (l *Shaper) NextGlyph() (_ Glyph, ok bool) {
 				// of a valid cursor position they can use for "after" such a newline,
 				// taking text alignment into account.
 				l.pararagraphStart.X = l.txt.alignment.Align(line.direction, 0, l.txt.alignWidth)
-				l.pararagraphStart.Y = glyph.Y + int32((glyph.Ascent + glyph.Descent).Ceil())
+				l.pararagraphStart.Y = glyph.Y + int32(line.lineHeight.Round())
 			}
 		}
 		return glyph, true